OBGYN Flashcards
(43 cards)
significantly elevated DHEAS support the diagnosis of
an adrenal tumor as the etiology of hirsutism
Hair loss in woman after baby
Postpartum telogen effluvium (hair loss) affects 40-50% of women postpartum.
↑ estrogen levels in pregnancy ↑ the synchrony of hair growth.
hair grows and is shed at the same time (not normal growth pattern)
Rapid onset of hirsutism and virilizing signs are hallmarks of this disease, and include many of the findings in this patient including acne, hirsutism, amenorrhea, clitoral hypertrophy, and deepening of the voice.
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors
Possible causes of virilization include
PCOS
hypothyroidism,
androgen producing tumors (ovarian, adrenal, or pituitary)
anabolic steroid use.
rare cause may be late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
__________ is a more severe form of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Hyperthecosis
more difficult to treat with oral contraceptive therapy. It is also more challenging to achieve successful ovulation induction.
_______________, can also be used in addition to the oral contraceptives for hirsutism.
Spironolactone, an aldosterone antagonist diuretic
Patients with anovulatory bleeding have ?
predominantly proliferative endometrium from unopposed stimulation by estrogen.
Progestins inhibit further endometrial growth via
converting the proliferative to secretory endometrium.
Withdrawal of the progestin then mimics the effect of the involution of the corpus luteum, creating a normal sloughing of the endometrium.
Disorders of clotting may present with menstrual symptoms in young women, with _______ being most common.
Von Willeberand disease
Leiomyomas typically present in women in their _________ age
30’s and 40’s
The progestin in oral contraceptives causes ____________
endometrial atrophy- Dysmenorrhea should be improved.
Since prostaglandins are produced in the endometrium, there would be less produced.
Endometriosis pathology
endometrial glands/stroma with hemosiderin-laden macrophages
An endometrial biopsy should be performed on all women over age _____with irregular bleeding to rule out endometrial carcinoma.
40
Hyperplastic overgrowth of endometrial glands/stroma is consistent with ?
endometrial polyps.
What is physiologic leukorrhea
non-pathologic copious white vaginal discharge
when do you do the quad screen
2nd trimester
who is good to get cell free dna
women over 35 or high risk for trisomy
can be done > 10 weeks
What cancer is pcos at risk for
endometrial b/c of excess estrogen
what is peripartum cardiomyopathy
rapid onset heart failure > 36 weeks prego
CHF symptoms
In order to remain in zero calcium balance, postmenopausal women require a total of ______ of elemental calcium per day.
1200 mg
Begin treatment with bisphosphonates w/o a bone scan when
Patients who already have had an osteoporotic fracture may be treated on this basis alone.
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines osteopenia (low bone mass) as _______
-1 to -2.5
In all patients with advanced ovarian cancer, post-operative_____________ is considered standard of care in the United States.
chemotherapy with a combination of a taxane and platinum adjunct
________ of the Liley curve indicate the presence of severe hemolytic disease, with hydrops and fetal death likely within 7-10 days
Zone 3
