OBJ 1

Question 1

OBJ 1.1

Layer 1

Answer 1

Physical

Cables, bits, voltages, network cards, Hub & Repeater

Question 2

OBJ 1.1

Layer 2

Answer 2

Data Link

MAC addressing, switches, frames, error detection, Qos & Bridge

Question 3

OBJ 1.1

Layer 3

Answer 3

Network

Routing, IP addressing, Firewall, Router

Question 4

OBJ 1.1

Layer 4

Answer 4

Transport

End-to-end connections, reliability (TCP/UDP)

Question 5

OBJ 1.1

Layer 5

Answer 5

Session

Manages sessions (start/stop conversations)

Question 6

OBJ 1.1

Layer 6

Answer 6

Presentation

Data format (encryption, compression, encoding)

Question 7

OBJ 1.1

Layer 7

Answer 7

Application

User interface, APIs, app access to network services

Question 8

OBJ 1.5

DOCSIS

Answer 8

Standard to make use of existing cable infrastructure to provide high speed internet

Question 9

OBJ 1.5

MTRJ

Answer 9

Combines both transmit and receive fibers into a single ferrule, very compact

Question 10

OBJ 1.6

Ring

Answer 10

Devices are connected in a circle - one connection breaks, the whole network can get disrupted

Question 11

OBJ 1.6

Mesh

Answer 11

Every device is connected to every other device- high redundancy and fault tolerance

Question 12

OBJ 1.6

Bus

Answer 12

single backbone cable connecting all devices- single point of failure

Question 13

OBJ 1.6

Star

Answer 13

central hub - less resilient to hub failure

Question 14

OBJ 1.6

Spine and Leaf

Answer 14

Optimal scalability and performance for large-scale data centers

Question 15

OBJ 1.8

EUI - 64(Extended Unique Identifier)

Answer 15

Automatically configure IPv6 host addresses
An IPv6 device will use the MAC address of its interface to generate a unique 64-bit interface ID.

Question 16

OBJ 1.8

Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VXLAN)

Answer 16

Address scalability limitations of traditional Vlans by extending Vlan space to accommodate over 16 mill unique identifiers.

Question 17

OBJ 1.1

Layer 1 Encapsulation

Answer 17

Frames are encapsulated into bits

Question 18

OBJ 1.1

Layer 2 Encapsulation

Answer 18

Packets are encapsulated into frames

Question 19

OBJ 1.1

Layer 3 Encapsulation

Answer 19

Segments are encapsulated into packets

Question 20

OBJ 1.1

Layer 4 Encapsulation

Answer 20

data is encapsulated into segments

Question 21

OBJ 1.2

Stateful packet

Answer 21

monitor active sessions and connections on the network

Question 22

OBJ 1.2

Stateless packet

Answer 22

Allows or denies packets into the network based on source and destination IP

Question 23

OBJ 1.3

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)

Answer 23

Abstracts network functions from hardware, allowing them to be managed and deployed as software

Question 24

OBJ 1.2

Application-aware firewall

Answer 24

Inspect traffic beyond ports and protocols, allowing it to identify and control traffic based on the actual application generating it

Question 25

# OBJ 1.5 Bayonet Neill–Concelman (BNC) connector

Answer 25

Coaxial cable

Question 26

# OBJ 1.5 Small form factor pluggable (SFP)

Answer 26

Single channel data link, Copper or fibre

Question 27

# OBJ 1.5 Quad small form-factor pluggable (QSFP)

Answer 27

high-speed, hot-pluggable transceiver module used for data communication over fiber optic or copper connections 4 Channels

Question 28

# OBJ 1.6 Traffic Flows North

Answer 28

Out of network/data center

Question 29

# OBJ 1.6 Traffic Flows South

Answer 29

Into the network/ data center

Question 30

# OBJ 1.6 Traffic Flows East/ West

Answer 30

peer to peer communication within same network layer

Question 31

# OBJ 1.8 Software Defined Networking (SDN) Application Layer

Answer 31

Apps define intent (e.g., "I want low latency for video calls")

Question 32

# OBJ 1.8 Software Defined Networking (SDN) Control Layer

Answer 32

Makes decisions about traffic (routing, policies, rules)

Question 33

# OBJ 1.8 Software Defined Networking (SDN) Infrastructure Layer

Answer 33

Forwards packets based on control plane instructions

Question 34

# OBJ 1.8 Software Defined Networking (SDN) Management plane

Answer 34

Provides visibility and tools for monitoring, reporting, and configuration (what network admins use!)

Question 35

# OBJ 1.8 Dual Stack

Answer 35

Enable devices to run both ipv4 and ipv6 simultaneously

Question 36

De-encapsulation

Answer 36

Performed at the receiver side or destination side as data moves up the layers from layer 1 to layer 7 of the OSI model

Question 37

Encapsulation

Answer 37

Performed at the sender side while the data packet is transmitted from source host to destination host. layer 7 to layer 1