Obj 1- Section A

Question 1

Living organisms have seven characteristics in common:

Answer 1

GRIMNER

Question 2

Nutrition (feeding):

Answer 2

the process by which living organisms obtain or make food

Question 3

heterotrophs

Answer 3

Animals take in ready-made food and are called heterotrophs.

Question 4

autotrophs

Answer 4

Plants make their own food and are called autotrophs.

Question 5

Respiration:

Answer 5

the process by which energy is released from food by all living organisms

Question 6

Aerobic respiration

Answer 6

requires oxygen and takes place in most cells

Question 7

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 7

takes place without oxygen in certain cells

Question 8

Excretion

Answer 8

the process by which waste and harmful substances, produced by the body’s metabolism, are removed from the body

Question 9

Movement:

Answer 9

a change in the position of a whole organism or of parts of an organism

Question 10

Irritability (sensitivity):

Answer 10

the ability of organisms to detect and respond to changes in their
environment or within themselves.

Question 11

Growth:

Answer 11

a permanent increase in the size and complexity of an organism

Question 12

Reproduction:

Answer 12

the process by which living organisms generate new individuals of the same kind as themselves

Question 13

Asexual reproduction

Answer 13

requires only one parent

Question 14

Sexual reproduction

Answer 14

requires two parents

Question 15

Ways in which organisms can be grouped

Answer 15

-visible characteristics (hairiness, colour, shape, venation, number of legs and wings, and body segmentation)
-molecular structure of DNA

Question 16

taxonomic classification system:

Answer 16

Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, families, genus, species

Question 17

There are 5 kingdoms

Answer 17

Prokaryote
Protist
Fungi
Plantae (plants)
Animalia (animals)
(pg. 2 bio concise)

Question 18

Prokaryote and eukaryote difference

Answer 18

Prokaryotes have cells that lack true membrane bound nuclei (DNA is free in the cells). Eukaryotes have true nuclei surrounded by membranes

Question 19

Virus

Answer 19

-group of organisms without any cell structure
-particles made up of a piece of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
- they can only reproduce inside of other living things
-Viruses are not included in the five kingdom classification

Question 20

Monocotyledons

Answer 20

-leaves have straight, parallel veins and are usually long and narrow
-Seeds contain one cotyledon (seed leaf)
-Flower parts are in multiples of three
- sugarcane

Question 21

Dicotyledons

Answer 21

• Leaves have a network of veins and are usually broad
• Seeds contain two cotyledons
• Flower parts are in multiples of four or five
  e.g. pride of Barbados

Question 22

Arthropods (phylum)

Answer 22

• Have a waterproof exoskeleton (external skeleton) made mainly of chitin
• Have a segmented body
• Have several pairs of jointed

Question 23

Chordates (phylum)

Answer 23

• Have a notochord (rod) running down the body, most have a backbone
• Have a dorsal nerve cord with the anterior end usually enlarged forming the brain
• Most have an internal skeleton of bone and cartilage

Question 24

Crustaceans (class)

Answer 24

• Have two pairs of antennae
• Usually have five or seven pairs of legs
• Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen or cephalothorax and abdomen
  e.g. lobster, shrimp, crab, woodlouse

Question 25

Arachnids (class)

Answer 25

* Have no antennae * Have four pairs of legs * Body is divided into cephalothorax and abdomen e.g. spider, tick, scorpion

Question 26

Insects (class)

Answer 26

* Have one pair of antennae * Have three pairs of legs * Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen * Have a pair of compound eyes * Most have two pairs of wings e.g. cockroach, moth, ant, house fly

Question 27

Myriapods (class)

Answer 27

* Have one pair of antennae * Have many pairs of legs * Body is elongated and divided into many segments e.g. centipede, millipede

Question 28

Pisces (fish) - class

Answer 28

* Have a waterproof skin covered with scales * Have gills for breathing * Have fins for swimming e.g. barracuda, flying fish, shark

Question 29

Amphibians- class

Answer 29

* Have a soft, moist, non-waterproof skin without scales * Eggs are laid in water, larvae live in water, adults live on land * Larvae have gills, adults have lungs e.g. frog, toad, newt

Question 30

Reptiles- class

Answer 30

* Have a dry, waterproof skin with scales * Lay eggs with a rubbery shell on land e.g. snake, lizard, iguana, turtle

Question 31

Aves (birds)- class

Answer 31

* Have a waterproof skin with feathers * Have a beak and no teeth * Forelimbs are modified to form wings * Lay eggs with a hard shell * Are homeothermic (warm blooded) e.g. sparrow, cattle egret, hawk

Question 32

Mammals-class

Answer 32

* Have a waterproof skin with hair and sweat glands * Have different types of teeth * Young feed on milk from their mother * Are homeothermic e.g. mouse, whale, human