Obs and Gynae

Question 1

What is polycystic ovarian syndrome?

Answer 1

Hyperandrogenism - hirsutism, acne, male pattern baldness
Oligio ovulation
Poly-cystic ovaries as seen on USS
need two of these to be diagnosed

If hormones are tested often the LH:FSH ratio is 3:1 (normally 1:1)

Question 2

What factors increase the chances of an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 2

Anything that slows the ovums passage to the uterus:
Damage to the tubes - salpingitis, previous surgery
Previous ectopic, endometriosis, IUCD, POP

Question 3

What should the fetus look like at these different HCG levels?
1500 mIU/ml
3000mIU/ml

Answer 3

1500 - intrauterine sac should be visible on TVUSS (at 4.5 weeks)

3000 - fetal heart beat should be visible on TVUSS

if dont have the corresponding USS and HCG suspect ectopic

Question 4

What is the definition of anaemia in pregnancy?

Answer 4

HB

Question 5

What is the next step when a pregnant women grows bacteria from her urine. She is asymptomatic.

Answer 5

To take another sample.

Treat if the second sample is positive, as treated asymptomatic bacteruria reduces complications in pregnancy.