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Research Methods Y1 > Observational techniques > Flashcards

Observational techniques Flashcards

1
Q

Naturalistic observation

A

Behaviour observed where it would normally occur.

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2
Q

Naturalistic observation strength

A

+ High external validity (real life)

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3
Q

Naturalistic observation weakness

A
  • Low internal validity (no control over variables)
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4
Q

Controlled observation

A

Some control over environment (manipulation of variables)

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5
Q

Controlled observation strength

A

+ High internal validity
+ extraneous variables may be controlled

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6
Q

Controlled observation weakness

A
  • Low external validity (except if covert)
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7
Q

Covert observation

A

Observing behaviour/study without participants knowledge

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8
Q

Covert observation strength

A

+ No demand characteristics (valid data as participants don’t effect study as they don’t know they are being studied)

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9
Q

Covert observation weakness

A
  • Unethical
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10
Q

Overt observation

A

Observing participants behaviour with their knowledge and consent

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11
Q

Overt observation strength

A

+ No ethical problems

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12
Q

Overt observation weakness

A
  • Participants behaviour may be affected
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13
Q

Participant observation

A

Researcher joins the group

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14
Q

Participant observation strength

A

+ Internal validity

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15
Q

Participant observation weakness

A
  • May lose objectivity
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16
Q

Non-participant observation

A

Researcher remains an outsider in the study

17
Q

Non-participant observation strength

A

+ Objective

18
Q

Non-participant observation weakness

A
  • Less insight
19
Q

Behavioural categories

A

When a target behaviour is broken up into components that are observable and measurable

20
Q

Event sampling

A

A target behaviour or event is first established then the researcher records this event every time it occurs

21
Q

Time sampling

A

A target individual or group is first established then the researcher records their behaviour in a fixed time frame, say every 30sec

22
Q

Inter-observer relability

A

The extent to which there is agreement between two or more observers involved in observations of behaviour

Research Methods Y1 (16 decks)

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