Obstructive Pulmonary Flashcards
(30 cards)
What are all COPD patients more suseptable to and why
lung infections because mucus builds up in the lungs and they take corticosteroid
Is the clinical course of asthma predictable
no
What are the triggers of asthma
Allergen inhalation Air pollutants Viral upper respiratory infection (most common cause) Sinusitis Exercise and cold, dry air Stress Drugs Occupational exposure Food additives Hormones/ menses GERD
What is the early phase of asthma
bronchospasms so wheesing, chest tightness, dyspnea cough
What is late-phase for asthma
peaks 5-6hrs after exposure
airways are the most sensitive and resistant and inflammed
When does early phase peak for asthma
30-60 min
What does good asthma control mean
minimal symptoms
able to ecercise and sleep through the night
What are the classifications of asthma
mild intermittent
mild persistent
moderate persistent
severe persistent
What is mild intermittent asthma
symptoms no more than twice weekly
nocturnal symptoms less than twice monthly
FEV1/FVC at least 80% of personal best and PEFR has a less than 20% variability
Wha tis mild persistent asthma
symps more than twice weekly butless than daily
nocturnal symps more than 2 monthly
FEV1/FVC at least 80% of pers best and PEFR variability between 20-30%
Wha tis moderate persistent asthma
Daily symps
more than 1 weekly nocturanl symps
FEV1/FVC between 60-80% of pers best and PEFR greater than 30% variabilty
What is severe persisten t
continual symps
frequent nocturnal symps
FEV1/FVC less than 60% of pers best and PEFR variability greater than 30%
Is wheesing a reliable sign to guage the severity of asthma and whyy
no bec as asthma gets worse wheesing actually stops and you get silent chest
When analysing the resp sys for an asthma patient during an ecacerbation what would percussion reveal and why
hyperresonance bec the lungs are full of trapped air
When aucultating the lungs for an asthma patient what could diminished or absent breath sounds indicate
atelectasis
pneumonia
In the emergency room settings, if the patients peak/flow is less than 75% what should you give
bronchodilator
What are some diagnostic test used to diagnose asthma and its severity
PFT’s
sputum specimen (for infection)
serum IgE and eosinophil levels
Chest ecs-ray
For ABG’s what might a mild asthma attack show and why
resp alkalosis with near normal O2 bec their ability to ecshale is still good so they end up hyperventilating causing too much loss of CO2
For ABG’s what might a severe asthma attack show and wy
hypercapnia and resp and meta acidosis bec now they cant ventilate as well bec the airways are even more narrow so CO2 levels rise
What is status asthmaticus
severe asthma complications that are unresponsive to treatment
What are some causes of status asthmat
viral illnesses
increased allergen ecsposure
abrupt discontinuation of drugs especially corticosteroids
aerosol medication abuse
What do status astmat patients usu report
poorly controlled asthma that has been progressing over days or weeks
What are some complications that a status asthmaticus ecacerbation can lead to
pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, acute cor pulmonale, and respiratory muscle fatigue leading to respiratory arrest
What is cor pulmonale
when the pressure in the lungs gets high enough to cause HTN in the blood vessels innervating the lungs causing the right side of the heart to work harder against that resistance eventually leading to heart failure
