Obstructive sleep apnoea

Question 1

What are some predisposing factors for OSA

Answer 1

obesity
macroglossia - acromegaly , hypothyroidism, amyloidosis
large tonsils

Marfans syndrome

Question 2

What may someone with OSA present with

Answer 2

partner complains of excessive snoring

daytime somnolence
compensated respiratory acidosis
hypertension

Question 3

What is gold standard investigation for OSA

Answer 3

Sleep studies= polysomnography

involves monitoring of pulse oximetry at night to full polysomnography -
measuring range of physiological factors

Question 4

What are some other investigations required for OSA

Answer 4

Epworth sleepiness scale

Multiple sleep latency test

Question 5

What is the apnea-hypopnea index score

Answer 5

Measures severity and AHI is events/hour of sleep

Normal - <5

Mild 5 < AHI <15

Moderate 15<AHI<30

Severe >30

Question 6

First line management for OSA

Answer 6

weight loss

CPAP for moderate or severe

Question 7

What are other managements and other important things for OSA

Answer 7

intra-oral devices can be used if CPAP not tolerated

DVLA should be informed if it is causing excessive daytime sleepiness