OCB02-1007 Mechanisms of post-natal growth

Question 1

What age does the 1st permanent molar erupt?

Answer 1

7

Question 2

What age does the 2nd permanent molar erupt?

Answer 2

12

Question 3

When does the 3rd molar erupt?

Answer 3

Maturity

Question 4

What are the 3 parts of the craniofacial complex?

Answer 4

Cranial vault
Cranial Base
Face

Question 5

How many fontanelles are present in the head?

Answer 5

6

Question 6

What path does the face growth take?

Answer 6

The face follows the somatic growth curve excepts the skeleton around the eyes, middle and inner ear which follows neural growth pattern

Question 7

What organs develop faster than the face?

Answer 7

Brain and sense organs

Question 8

At what age does the cranial vault completely expand?

Answer 8

10

Question 9

What is facial growth completed with?

Answer 9

Eruption of 3rd molars

Question 10

What parts of the body does the cranial base link?

Answer 10

brain and face

Question 11

What are the two kinds of bone in the head?

Answer 11

Endochondral and membrane

Question 12

Where are skeletal structures in head derived from?

Answer 12

Neural crest cells

Question 13

Where is the cranial vault derived from?

Answer 13

Cranial mesodermal cells

Question 14

What bones are endochondral?

Answer 14

Cranial base, pharyngeal arch cartilages, otic and nasal capsule

Question 15

Where is there primary cartilage?

Answer 15

Synchondrosis between the basi-occipital and basi-sphenoid and the nasal septum

Question 16

Where does interstitial growth occur?

Answer 16

Between growth plates

Question 17

Where does appositional growth occur?

Answer 17

during remodelling

Question 18

Where are membrane bones found?

Answer 18

facial and cranial vault

Question 19

What cartilage is secondary cartilage?

Answer 19

Condylar cartilage

Question 20

What happens to the intersphenoid bone during cranial base growth?

Answer 20

The inter sphenoid bone is fused between two bones so it cant contribute to post natal growth

Question 21

What happens to the sphene-ethmoidal bone during cranial base development?

Answer 21

It fuses at 3-5 years

Question 22

What happens to the sphene-occiputal bone during cranial base development?

Answer 22

It is found between the basiocciputal bone and basinphenoid and contributes to post natal growth at 12-16 years

Question 23

What growth occurs in the spheno-occiptal joint?

Answer 23

Bilateral growth

Question 24

What direction does remodelling of the cranial base move the face?

Answer 24

Anteriorly and inferiorly

Question 25

What age does the cranial base stop growing?

Answer 25

14 years in girls | 16 years in boys

Question 26

What changes does the mandible undergo from birth until adult?

Answer 26

Increases in length, height and width The angle becomes smaller The relative sizes of the condylar and coronoid processes is the same and the condylar cartilage acts as a growth centre The position of the mental foramen changes

Question 27

What age does condylar cartilage grow?

Answer 27

peaks at adolescence and ceases at 20 years

Question 28

What is the purpose of symphysial cartilage?

Answer 28

It unites the mandible

Question 29

How is the height of the mandible increased?

Answer 29

by developing the alveolar bone

Question 30

How is the length of the mandible increased?

Answer 30

Adding to the chin

Question 31

How is the width of the mandible increased?

Answer 31

By increasing condylar growth

Question 32

Which pharyngeal arch gives rise to the lower jaw?

Answer 32

first

Question 33

At birth, what is present in the maxilla?

Answer 33

Large frontal process and no alveolar bone or any anterior nasal spine is present

Question 34

What does pressure for the developing eyeball and brain cause to the maxilla?

Answer 34

Put pressure on the maxilla to grow downward

Question 35

How long does it take the septal cartilage to fully increase in width?

Answer 35

2 years

Question 36

How long does it take the septal cartilage to fully increase in length?

Answer 36

7 years

Question 37

How does thumb sucking affect arch development in palatal shelves?

Answer 37

Thumb sucking is thought to impact the growth of palatal shelves By lowering the palatal shelves, you increase the size of the nasal cavity so more air can enter to increase respiration

Question 38

What happens to the cartilage between the great wings and body of sphenoid?

Answer 38

It ossifies so growth no longer comes from cartilage and can only come from remodelling

Question 39

How long is the suture growth of the upper jaw?

Answer 39

10 years

Question 40

How long is the endochondral growth of the ethmoid and nasal septum?

Answer 40

until 7th year