Occlusion

Question 1

what elevates and retracts the mandible

Answer 1

temporalis

Question 2

what protrudes and depresses the mandible and causes lateral movement

Answer 2

lateral pterygoid

Question 3

what elevates and protracts the mandible

Answer 3

masseter

Question 4

what elevates the mandible and aids in lateral movement and protrusion

Answer 4

medial pterygoid

Question 5

what are three types of mandibular movements

Answer 5

rotation
translation
lateral translation

Question 6

what is rotational movement

Answer 6

small amount of mouth opening (RCP)
condyle and disc remain in the articular fossa
no forward or downwards movement
known as a hinge movement

Question 7

what is the terminal hinge axis

Answer 7

imaginary line via which the condyles rotate

Question 8

what is translation movement

Answer 8

lateral pterygoid contracts and causes articular disc and condyle to move
travels downwards and forwards

Question 9

what three planes are border movements viewed at

Answer 9

horizontal
sagittal
frontal

Question 10

what is posselts envelop

Answer 10

extremes of mandibular movement

Question 11

what is ICP

Answer 11

tooth position regardless of condyle position
most comfortable bite

Question 12

what is edge-edge position

Answer 12

condyle moves forwards in translation and teeth are contacting at incisal edges

Question 13

what is protrusion

Answer 13

past edge-edge
condyle moves forwards and downwards on articular eminence

Question 14

what is maximum opening

Answer 14

no tooth contact
mouth wide open
full translation of the condyle over articular eminence

Question 15

what is the retruded axis position

Answer 15

no tooth contact
most superior anterior position of the condylar head in the fossa

Question 16

what is RCP

Answer 16

first tooth contact in the retruded axis position

Question 17

what is lateral translation

Answer 17

result of contraction of only one lateral pterygoid muscle

Question 18

what is the working side

Answer 18

the side the mandible moves towwards

Question 19

what is the bennet movement

Answer 19

another term for lateral translation - a bodily movement

Question 20

what is the bennett angle

Answer 20

the angle formed by the sagittal plane and path of mandibular condyle during lateral movement when viewed from a horizontal plane

Question 21

what side do you take the bennet angle from

Answer 21

the non working side

Question 22

how do you mark tooth contacts

Answer 22

articulating paper
millers forceps to hold the paper

Question 23

when do you mark tooth contacts

Answer 23

preparing a tooth
removing a restoration
placement of a crown
placement of a restoration

Question 24

what is static occlusion

Answer 24

incisor relationship
molar relationship
overjets/ bites

Question 25

what are functional cusps

Answer 25

cusps that occlude with opposing teeth in the ICP

Question 26

what problems occur in static occlusion

Answer 26

angles classification overbite / overjet crossbite AOBs

Question 27

what are examples of dynamic occlusion

Answer 27

canine guidance group function protrusion

Question 28

what are occlusal interferences

Answer 28

undesirable tooth contacts that produce mandibular deviation during closure to ICP

Question 29

what are examples of occlusal interference

Answer 29

working side non-working side protrusive

Question 30

what is a working side contact

Answer 30

usually a posterior tooth when the mandible is moved laterally that is in contact with the upper arch

Question 31

what is a non working side contact

Answer 31

tooth contacts on the non-working side where there shouldnt be any

Question 32

what is protrusive interference

Answer 32

any posterior contact during protrusion

Question 33

why do we need to avoid posterior contacts

Answer 33

molars arent designed to absorb heavy forces in the direction of long axis of the tooth

Question 34

what is eccentric bruxism

Answer 34

parafunctional grinding of teeth side to side

Question 35

what is centric bruxism

Answer 35

clenching

Question 36

what are clinical signs of bruxism

Answer 36

tooth wear fractured restoration tooth migration muscle pain and fatigue

Question 37

what is occlusal trauma

Answer 37

injury resulting in changes in the attachment apparatus including PDL, supporting alveolar bone and cementum as a result of occlusal forces

Question 38

what are the three types of articulator

Answer 38

ARCON average value semi-adjustable

Question 39

what are the average values for the Bennet Angle and Condylar Guidance angle on an average value articulator

Answer 39

bennet angle -15 degrees condylar guidance angle -30 degrees

Question 40

how can you mount a maxillary cast onto an articulator

Answer 40

facebow transfer

Question 41

what is the first step in recording facebow occlusion

Answer 41

mark anterior reference point

Question 42

how do you mark an anterior reference point for using a facebow

Answer 42

use patients right side 43mm apical to the incisal edge of the 12 ideally position of this dot should be approximately position of infra-orbital foramen

Question 43

what is the second step in using a facebow

Answer 43

apply registration paste to the bite fork and firmly seat on maxillary teeth

Question 44

what do you need to do with the locating notch on the bitefork

Answer 44

have it at the midline

Question 45

what should the facebow be parallel to

Answer 45

inter-pupillary line

Question 46

what do you need to mount the lower cast against the maxillary cast taken by using facebow

Answer 46

ICP or RCP

Question 47

what can you use when ICP is not obvious to technician

Answer 47

wax wafer silicone past which sets quickly

Question 48

what is a conformative approach

Answer 48

the provision of restorations in harmony with the existing jaw positions

Question 49

when is the conformative approach not used

Answer 49

an increase in vertical height is needed teeth are out of position a slight change in appearance is wanted

Question 50

what are factors of copying existing guidance

Answer 50

simple conformative most often