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FINALS - Restorative Dentistry > Occlusion > Flashcards

Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

what is the action of the temporalis

A

elevation and retraction of mandible

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3
Q

what is the action of the lateral pterygoid

A

protrusion and depression of mandible
lateral movements

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4
Q

what is the action of the medial pterygoid

A

elevation
lateral movement
protrusion

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5
Q

what is the action of the masseter

A

elevation and protraction of mandible
lateral movement

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6
Q

what are the 2 major movements of the mandible

A

rotation and translation

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7
Q

what is rotation

A

small amount of mouth opening (only 20mm)
condyle and disc remains within articular fossa
no downwards or forwards movement

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8
Q

what is hinge movements

A

rotation of the condylar heads around an imaginary horizontal line through rotational centres of condyles

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9
Q

what does a facebow record

A

relationship of maxilla to terminal hinge axis of rotation in mandible

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10
Q

what is translation

A

lateral pterygoid contracts
articular disc and condyle move and travel downwards and forwards along incline of articular eminence

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11
Q

what is posselts envelope

A

border movements of the mandible in the sagittal plane

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12
Q

what are the parts of posselts envelope

A

ICP
edge to edge
protrusion
maximum opening (T)
retruded axis position
RCP

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13
Q

what is ICP

A

comfortable bite
maximum interdigitation of teeth

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14
Q

what is edge to edge

A

incisal edges of upper and lowers touch

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15
Q

what is the movement from ICP to edge to edge

A

teeth slide forward from ICP guiding on palatal surfaces of anterior teeth

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16
Q

what is protrusion

A

condyle moves forwards and downwards on articular eminence
no posterior tooth contacts

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17
Q

what is maximum opening

A

no tooth contacts and mouth wide open

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18
Q

what is the position of the condyle during maximum opening

A

full translation of condyle over articular eminence

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19
Q

what is retruded axis position

A

no tooth contacts

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20
Q

what is the position of the condyle during retruded axis position

A

superior anterior position of condyle head in fossa

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21
Q

what is RCP

A

first tooth contact when mandible is in retruded axis position

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22
Q

what is the distance between ICP and RCP

A

1mm

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23
Q

what is the movement of the mandible between RCP and ICP

A

slides forward into ICP

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24
Q

how do you establish the working side of the mandible

A

it is the side which the mandible slides to when eating

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25
Q

what causes lateral movement of the mandible

A

contraction of one lateral pterygoid

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26
Q

what is the bennet angle

A

angle formed by the sagittal plane and path of mandibular condyle during lateral movement when viewed in a horizontal plane

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27
Q

how do you mark tooth contacts

A

millers forceps and fine articulating paper

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28
Q

when do you mark tooth contacts

A

before preparing a tooth and removing restoration
after placement of a crown and restoration

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29
Q

what do tripodised contacts show

A

where the opposing cusps contact
(ICP stops)

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30
Q

what do you look at in static occlusion

A

incisor relationship
molar relationship
overjet/overbite
cross bites
open bites
individual contacts
RCP-ICP slide

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31
Q

what are functional cusps

A

cusps that occlude with opposing teeth in ICP
lingual cusps of uppers
buccal cusps of lowers

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32
Q

what are non-functional cusps

A

cusps that do not occlude with opposing teeth in ICP
buccal cusps of uppers
lingual cusps of lowers

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33
Q

what is a fossa

A

depression on tooth surface

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34
Q

what are the ICP contacts

A

lingual cusp of upper molar contacts fossa of lower molar
buccal cusp of lower molar contacts fossa of upper molar

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35
Q

how do you view ICP contacts

A

get patient to tap

36
Q

what is overjet

A

relationship between upper and lower teeth in a horizontal plane

37
Q

what is overbite

A

vertical overlap of incisors

38
Q

what is crossbite

A

one or more teeth abnormally positioned buccal or lingually or labially with reference to opposing teeth

39
Q

what is an anterior open bite

A

lack of vertical overlap of anterior teeth when posterior teeth in full occlusion

40
Q

what is posterior open bite

A

failure of contact between posterior teeth when teeth are in full occlusion

41
Q

what is canine guidance

A

mandible moves to working side and there is only contact between canines

42
Q

what is a mutually protected occlusion

A

canine guidance
posterior disclusion in lateral excursions
no non-working/working side contacts
no protrusive interferences

43
Q

what is group function

A

mandible moves to working side and multiple teeth contact

44
Q

what type of group function is seen in toothwear

A

bilateral

45
Q

what are the only teeth that touch in protrusion of mandible

A

incisors and canines

46
Q

what are occlusal interferences

A

undesirable tooth contacts that can produce mandibular deviation during closure to ICP or hinder smooth passage to and from ICP

47
Q

what are the types of occlusal interference

A

working side
non working side
protrusive

48
Q

what is a working side interference

A

when teeth slide to the working side there are contacts on posterior teeth with similar cusps (buccal cusps contact)

49
Q

what is non working side interference

A

mandible slides to working side and there are contacts on the non-working side with dissimilar cusps (upper lingual cusps and lower buccal cusp)

50
Q

what is protrusive interference

A

any posterior contact during protrusion

51
Q

why do you want to avoid posterior contacts

A

not designed to absorb lateral forces
musculature gets a rest if no contacts
occlusal trauma and undesirable tooth movements

52
Q

what are the 2 types of bruxism

A

eccentric
centric

53
Q

what is eccentric bruxism

A

parafunctional grinding of teeth

54
Q

what is centric bruxism

A

clenching

55
Q

what are the clinical signs of bruxism

A

toothwear
fractured restorations
tooth migration
tooth mobility
muscle pain and fatigue
headache
earache
pain and stiffness in TMJ and surrounding muscles

56
Q

what are the types of toothwear

A

multifactorial
abrasion
attrition
erosion
abfraction

57
Q

what are the types of toothwear classified as

A

mild
moderate
severe

58
Q

what is primary occlusal trauma

A

occlusal trauma with an intact periodontium

59
Q

what is secondary occlusal trauma

A

occlusal trauma with a reduced periodontium

60
Q

what is fremitus

A

palpable or visible movement of a tooth when subjected to occlusal forces

61
Q

what is the examination checklist for occlusion

A

incisor relationship
guidance
overjet/overbite
ICP contacts
working/non-working/protrusive contacts
pathology

62
Q

what are the 3 types of articulator

A

arcon
average value
semi adjustable

63
Q

what are the parts of the facebow

A

reference plane locator
bite fork
transfer jig assembly
earbow

64
Q

where should the anterior reference point for the facebow go

A

43mm apical to incisal edge of anterior teeth
position of infraorbital foramen

65
Q

what do you use to mark the anterior reference point

A

reference plane locator and marker

66
Q

what do you apply to bite fork

A

bite registration paste

67
Q

what do you do when the bite registration paste is in the bite fork

A

firmly seat to record cusp tips of maxillary teeth

68
Q

what does the bite fork impression allow

A

accurate repositioning and mounting of maxillary cast

69
Q

what does the facebow record

A

relationship of maxilla to hinge axis of rotation of mandible

70
Q

what does the facebow allow

A

mounting of maxillary cast on articulator

71
Q

how do you mount the lower cast

A

an interocclusal registration

72
Q

what are the two types of interocclusal registration you can use to mount the lower cast

A

ICP
RCP

73
Q

when would you use wax to record ICP

A

if ICP not obvious to technician

74
Q

when would you use paste to record ICP

A

if ICP not obvious to technician

75
Q

when would you use record blocks to record ICP

A

free end saddles
cannot be hand articulated

76
Q

when would you not use any material to record ICP

A

if there are plenty of tooth contacts and ICP is obvious to technician

77
Q

what is the simplest approach to mounting casts

A

using ICP registration without OVD increased
conformative approach

78
Q

what are the 2 reorganised approaches

A

ICP registration with OVD increase
RCP registration with/without OVD increase

79
Q

what is an unorganised approach

A

havent assessed occlusion before starting restoration
change occlusion with restoration
havent planned where ICP will be
provide an occlusion which does not conform to previous one

80
Q

what is the conformative approach

A

provision of restorations in harmony with existing jaw relationships

81
Q

when would we not use the conformative approach

A

an increase in vertical height needed
tooth/teeth out of position
change in appearance wanted
history of occlusally related failure or fracture of existing restorations

82
Q

when would you use a reorganised approach

A

when you plan to provide new restorations to a different occlusion
ICP non-existent
need space to place restorations
RCP reproducible position of mandible

83
Q

what are the reliable techniques to place a patient into RCP

A

bimanual manipulation
chin point guidance
chin point guidance with anterior jig

84
Q

at what angle is RCP record taken at

A

slightly increased OVD just prior to initial tooth contact

85
Q

what is the space between RCP and retruded axis position on posselts envelope known as

A

retruded arc of closure

86
Q

where does initial tooth contact in RCP occur on posselts envelope

A

any point on retruded arc of closure

87
Q

what type of guidance does a mutually protected occlusion have

A

canine guidance

FINALS - Restorative Dentistry (10 decks)

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