Occlusion stuff - we have to know

Question 1

masticatory system is complex system compromised of?

Answer 1

muscles, bones, ligaments, teeth, and nerves

Question 2

elevator muscles

Answer 2

1. masseter
2. medial pterygoid
3. temporalis

Question 3

contact made in how many places?

Answer 3

THREE -
2 TMJ’s
and the dentition

Question 4

articular disc

Answer 4

dense fibrous connective tissue

NO nerves or blood vessels so it can endure heavy forces

Question 5

retrodiscal tissues

Answer 5

articular disc separates, protects, and stabilizes the condyle in the mandibular fossa during functional movements

Question 6

specific fibers in the lateral pterygoid?

Answer 6

UPPER HEAD OF THE LATERAL PTERYGOID – fibers from this area pull the disk down and forward

Question 7

TMJ problems representative of the disc?

Answer 7

NOO - not disc itself – maybe position of them but the disc has no nerves or blood vessels

Question 8

implication of imflammation in retrodiscal

Answer 8

we do not have a reproducible bite

Question 9

major stabalizing muscles in the head

Answer 9

1. massater
2. medial pterygoid
3. temporalis
4. superior head of the lateral pterygoid

Question 10

peripheral disc attachment

Answer 10

attached to fibrous capsule an the superior head of the lateral pterygoid (more anteriorly)

Question 11

disc is attached to condyle how? - specific

Answer 11

TIGHTLY – in health — held tightly to the head of the condyle by the medial and lateral collateral (discal ligaments)

Question 12

describe the medial and lateral collateral (discal) ligaments

include function too

Answer 12

composed of collagenous connective tissue

function to restrict the disc from moving away from the condyle and permit the disc to move anteriorly and posteriorly together with the condyle – AS A UNIT during translation

also function during the rotation of the TMJ

*translation and rotation functionoing

Question 13

positional stability of TMJ determined by - basic

Answer 13

determined by muscles pulling across the joint to prevent dislocation

Question 14

lateral pterygoid controls?

Answer 14

PROTRUSIVE movement

SIDE TO SIDE movement

OPENS the mouth

Question 15

medial pterygoid is a

Answer 15

elevator muscle

Question 16

describe physiologic location of CR

Answer 16

where the condyle goes when the lateral pterygoid releases and the elevator muscles contract

Question 17

CR?

Answer 17

the most muscoskeletal stable position of the TMJ

MOST SUPERIOR-ANTERIOR position of the condyles

• against the posterior slopes of the articular eminences
• articular discs properly interposed

Question 18

Centric slide aka

Answer 18

MIP

Question 19

describe centric slide

Answer 19

when closing in centric relation results in cusp tip to cusp tip occlusal position – but then CENTRIC SLIDE – CUSP TIP TO FOSSA RELATIONSHIP WAS ATTAINED

Question 20

what holds the jaw forward

Answer 20

lateral pterygoid contraction

Question 21

stable occlusion allows for

Answer 21

both effective functioning AND minimal damage to all components

Question 22

to be in harmony?

Answer 22

all must be stable

Question 23

optimal functional tooth contacts?

Answer 23

optimum occlusal conditions, then require EVEN AND SIMULTAENOUS CONTACT of ALL possible TEETH
- this maximizes the stability of the mandible and MINIMIZES THE amount of force on each tooth

Question 24

result of harmony and balance loss

Answer 24

two posterior contacts – force is loaded on that side causing the muscle on the OPPOSITE SIDE PULL CONDYLE on the unopposed side FURTHER into the mandibular fossa

this causes unilateral shift and possible damage to one or both sides of the TMJ

Question 25

minimal # of posteiror stops?

Answer 25

4 -- for stability (shorten dental arch)

Question 26

sphere of Monson?

Answer 26

CS + CW

Question 27

curve of spee

Answer 27

teeth aligned parallel to the arc of closure protrusive disocclusion of posteiror teeth

Question 28

curve that protects in protrusive

Answer 28

curve of spee -- protrusive disocclusion of posterior teeth

Question 29

curve of wilson facilitates

Answer 29

tongue and cheek action for POSITIONING FOOD ON THE OCCLUSAL TABLE permits lateral mandibular EXCURSION FREE FROM POSTERIOR INTERFERENCES

Question 30

lateral pterygoid more active

Answer 30

jaw looks more forward

Question 31

cusp tip hits

Answer 31

we slide and move

Question 32

VDO

Answer 32

vertical dimension of occlusion | - superior-inferior RELATIONSHIP of the maxilla and the mandible when the teeth are situated in maxium intercuspation

Question 33

VDO described as

Answer 33

appropriate, excessive, or deficient

Question 34

VDO measured by

Answer 34

subjective signs related to esthetics and phonetics

Question 35

occlusal plan definition ****

Answer 35

imaginary surface that theoretically touches the incisal edge f the incisors and the tips of the occluding surfaces of the posterior teeth

Question 36

does VDO have anythig to do with stability?

Answer 36

NO -- it is a RELATIONSHOP

Question 37

before restore must do what?

Answer 37

re-establish stability

Question 38

three criteria for optimum functinal occlusion

Answer 38

1. even and simultaneous contact of all possible teeth 2. condyles in their most superior anterior position against the posterior slopes of the eminence 3. articular discs properly interposed

Question 39

pressure and tension? good bad?

Answer 39

pressure = bad tension = good

Question 40

role of the PDL

Answer 40

the PDL helps control these forces and provide stimulation PDL convers a destructive force (pressure) into an acceptable force (tension)

Question 41

vertical stops are

Answer 41

support for occlusion

Question 42

describe tip or fossa contact

Answer 42

force is directed vertically through the long axis force is well accepted due to the alignment of the PDL fibers AXIAL LOADING -- what we want

Question 43

describe contacts on inclines

Answer 43

a horizontal component causes TIPPING some areas of the PDL are compressed while others are elongated forces are not effectively dissipated to the bone OFF AXIS LOADING

Question 44

axial loading

Answer 44

forces of closure are directed through the long axis of the tooth

Question 45

unsupported anterior tooth contacts due to

Answer 45

forces applied at an angle to the long axis have potential to cause harm

Question 46

teeth that accept horizontal forces of occlusion and why

Answer 46

CUSPIDS - long thick roots - better crown/ root ratio - surrounded by dense bone - extensive periodontal ligament - most proprioceptive sensitive tooth in the mouth

Question 47

most proprioceptive sensitive tooth

Answer 47

cuspids

Question 48

four points of contact aka

Answer 48

group function

Question 49

when restoring best alternate occlsal scheme is?

Answer 49

group function / four points of contact

Question 50

describe group function

Answer 50

no contact on non-working side during excursions no posteiror contact during protrusive movements

Question 51

optimal group function

Answer 51

canine lus premolars and the MB cusp of the first molar

Question 52

contqacts posterior to MB cusp of first molar

Answer 52

more posterior than the MB cusp of first molar not desirable necause of increased force that can be generated closer to the fulcrum (TMJ) and force vectors (muscles)

Question 53

anything less than __ is not group function

Answer 53

four points of contact

Question 54

anterior group function

Answer 54

canines and incisors (usually just lateral incisors ) function together to disocclude the posterior teeth during lateral and lateral protrusive excursions of the mandible

Question 55

anterior teeth function in ? in terms of forces

Answer 55

anterior guidance directs ECCENTRIC forces - heavier anterior forces they are NOT positioned to accept heavy forces their LABIAL angle makes it impossible to achieve axial loading

Question 56

mutually protected occlusion

Answer 56

posterior teeth should contact more heavily than anterior teeth in centric occlusion

Question 57

three types of interferences

Answer 57

1. tinterferences furing the desired occlusal scheme (group function or canine guidanece) -- like mediotrusive/ working and non-working side interferences 2. prematurity (usually high restoration) 3. Deflective occlusal contact (centric interference - usually natural)

Question 58

contacts on inclines aka

Answer 58

eccentric forces

Question 59

when forces are NOT effectively dissipiated to the bone, pathologic processes that may occur?

Answer 59

neuromuscular reflex activity 1. AVOIDANCE 2. PROTECTION

Question 60

location of occlusal plane*

Answer 60

PARALLEL TO ALA TRAGUS LINE