occupational cancer of the respiratory system Flashcards
(18 cards)
which are the nongenetic causes of cancer?
- lifestyle
- tobacco
- alcohol
- poor diet
- obesity
- physical inactivity
- occupational and consumer exposures to cancerigens
what is the definiton of occupational cancer
occupational exposure (single agent or mixture) able to increase the incidence of cancer
characteristics of occupational cancer
- consequence of the exposure to a known carcinogen
- manifest at younger age
- multiplicative effect
what is an mutagen ?
chemical or physical factor which causes errors in the replication of the DNA
carcinogen
agent capable to cause cancer in humans
criteria for causality
- epidemiological data
- positive results on more than one animal species
- experiments demonstrating the carcinogenic effect in the targeted tissue (identification of the oncogenetic mechanism induced by carcinogen)
epidemiological data
group 1 carcinogenic for humans
- sufficient evidence
- sufficient experimental data on animals and identification of mechanism, without evidence on humans
group 2A - probably carcinogen in humans
limited evidence in humans + sufficient evidence in animal
group 2B (possible carcinogen humans)
limited evidence in humans ´insufficient evidence in animals
groupe 3: non classifiable
inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and in animal
group 4 probably non carcinogenic in humans
evidence suggesting the absence of the carcinogenic effect in humans and in other animal species
hazards related to occupational cancer
- sun radiation
- passive smoking
- silica dust
- diesel exhaust
- radon
- wood dust
Hazards related to occupational cancer
Occupational carcinogens group 1
- ionizing radiations = nuclear industry
- plutonium = airspace industry
- radon = quality control of materials
- meidcal servies
- dust
- combustion products
- fumes
- metal particles
- chlorine compounds
- coal-tar pitch (mustard gas )
sources of inozing radiations?
medical diagnosis (not therapy) 20 %
and
inhalation of radon gas 41 %
Chromium hexavalent (Cr+VI)
Occupational Exposure
Health Effects:
Nasal ulcers
Bronchitis
Lung fibrosis
Cancer:
Fibrosarcoma
Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell lung carcinoma
what are the most frequent occupational cancers
what are the key questions
where did you work
what subsetances had you come into contact with
Have any of your former colleagues suffered or are currently suffering
from any form of cancer
What protective equipment did you use?
