Occupational Health and Safety

Question 1

What is the OHS act of 1993?

Answer 1

Law designed to make workplace safe. It sets out rules and responsibilities for both employers and employees to prevent accidents, injuries and illness at work

Question 2

Danger Definition?

Answer 2

Anything that may cause injury to person or property

Question 3

Machinery definition?

Answer 3

Any machine, device or equipment used at work, including all its components, whether powered by electricity, fuel, or other sources, and used for various work-related processes

Question 4

Major incident definition?

Answer 4

occurrence of catastrophic proportions, resulting from the use of plant and machinery, or from activities at a workplace.

Question 5

Safe definition?

Answer 5

free from any hazard

Question 6

Workplace definition?

Answer 6

Any place where a person performs his work

Question 7

Purpose of OHS act?

Answer 7

Provide health and safety of:
-Persons at work
-Persons in connection with the use of plant and machinery
-Protection of persons against hazards arising out of the activities of other persons at work

To establish an advisory council for occupational health and safety and related matters

Question 8

General duty of employers (to their employees)

Answer 8

Employers must ensure the health and safety of their employees by providing necessary protective equipment, safe work practices, and proper training

Question 9

Duty of employers to non-employees

Answer 9

Must ensure that their actions or conditions do not pose risk to health and safety of non-employees, such as visitors or the public

Question 10

Duty of manufacturers regarding substances at work

Answer 10

Must ensure that any products or substances used in the workplace are safe for their intended use and do not pose any health/safety risks

Question 11

Duty to inform

Answer 11

Employers have the duty to inform employees of:

-potential hazards in the workplace
-inform a health and safety rep about any accidents that occur in the workplace

Question 12

Duties of employees at work

Answer 12

Employees must be responsible for their own health and safety and must cooperate with employers to ensure a safe working environment

Question 13

Duty not to interfere with, damage or misuse things

Answer 13

Employees are responsible for not interfering with or misusing safety equipment, machinery or tools that could jeopardize safety

Question 14

Function of OHS rep

Answer 14

Tasked with representing workers on health and safety issues, ensuring that safety measures are followed and reported

Question 15

Report to Inspector regarding certain incidents

Answer 15

Fatalities, major incidents, an incident where the health and safety of any person was endangered

Question 16

Victimization forbidden

Answer 16

-Dismiss an employee without due process
-Reduce the rate of remuneration without due process
-Alter the terms of conditions of his/her employment to conditions that are less favorable to him/herself

Question 17

Offences, penalties, and special orders of court

Answer 17

Legal consequences for violations, including fines and other penalties, and the ability of courts to issue special orders to enforce compliance

Question 18

Unsafe actions (general)

Answer 18

-Horseplay
-Running in the workshop
-spilling liquid without cleaning it up
-poor housekeeping

Question 19

Unsafe actions (workshop)

Answer 19

-Using tools close to live parts or wires
-Using electrical equipment that hasn’t been tested
-Overloading outlets with too many appliances

Question 20

Unsafe conditions

Answer 20

-Faulty tools or equipment
-poor housekeeping
-poor ventilation
-excessive noise
-lack of knowledge of emergency procedures

Question 21

Dangerous practices

Answer 21

-Misuse of power tools
-incorrect use and handling of hand tools
-etching of PCBs

Question 22

Importance of risk analysis

Answer 22

To identify potential danger to employees and the public from natural and human caused events, thereby reducing the risk of accidents and loss

Question 23

Types of risk analysis

Answer 23

Quantitative- numerically predicting the probability of disasters to occur and the likely extent of the losses if the event occurs
Qualitative(used more)- defining various threats and determining their extent of vulnerabilities and creating countermeasures for if they occur

Question 24

Categories of risk analysis

Answer 24

High/Low impact; High/Low Probability

Question 25

Use of human rights in the workplace

Answer 25

Relate to the correct and acceptable manner in which all people are to be treated in the workplace Ensures human dignity and ensures that people aren't exploited

Question 26

Examples of human rights:

Answer 26

Employee -fair labour practices -work for reasonable hours -belong to a trade union -earn a living wage -not to be discriminated against Employer -be respected -not to be discriminated against

Question 27

Work ethics

Answer 27

Set of moral principles an employee uses in his job -integrity -sense of responsibility -Discipline -Sense of teamwork

Question 28

Emergency procedure

Answer 28

When a serious unforeseen danger arises, requiring swift and immediate response -stop what you are doing -remain calm -notify a teacher -switch off electrical equipment and secure it

Question 29

Position of master switch

Answer 29

-Located in key access points around workshop -Workers can easily access it -cuts all electrical power to equipment

Question 30

Critical vs non-critical emergency

Answer 30

Critical: -severe physical injury -environmental disruption(fire, flood, etc.) Non-critical: -Accident/injury requiring 1st AID -Misconduct -Short break in powe supply

Question 31

Evacuation procedure:

Answer 31

-Move in orderly manner -Move directly to designated assembly point

Question 32

Principles of fire fighting

Answer 32

If a fire is detected: -Sound Alarm -Fight the fire (if small) -secure the room and equipment -evacuate -move to assembly point personal safety takes priority over property

Question 33

Electrical shock procedure (non 1st aid)

Answer 33

-Do not touch victim -Shut off power If power cannot be shut off: -Check you are insulated -Use non-conductive item to remove them from source

Question 34

Electrical shock procedure (1st aid)

Answer 34

-Keep person lying down -If unconscious, put them on their side -Don't move the person -Cover the person to maintain body heat

Question 35

What to do when someone is bleeding

Answer 35

-Direct pressure -Pressure points

Question 36

First aid steps for burns

Answer 36

-Cool burn -cover burn -Take pain killer

Question 37

Types of burns:

Answer 37

1st degree: outer layer of skin (redness, swelling and pain) 2nd degree: second layer of skin is damaged, causing deep blisters, intense redness, severe pain, and swelling 3rd Degree: destroys all layers of skin, causing permanent damage to skin, fat, muscle and possibly bone

Question 38

Chemical safety during PCB manufacturing:

Answer 38

Personal protection- apron, gloves, glasses Handling- avoid direct contact with chemical Storing- chemicals must be stored safely and securely Mixing- NEVER add water to dry Ferric Chloride, highly reactive Ventilation- work in well ventilated room Lighting- work in well lit environment Designated areas- Only work with chemicals in designated areas

Question 39

Chemical disposal

Answer 39

-Make use of chemical waste company to dispose of chemicals -Waste chemicals should never be poured into toilets or down the drain as they can be harmful to the environment and the local sewerage system -Only neutralized chemicals can be disposed of safely