Occupational Skills #2 Flashcards
1
Q
Which tool is best suited for transferringa 35 degree angle from a drawing to a shop project
A
Sliding t-bevel
2
Q
What is a try square used for
A
For marking and checking 90 degree angles on wood
3
Q
What is a combination square used for
A
Measuring 45 degree angle, measuring the Center of a circular object, depth and simple distance
4
Q
What is the best solution when a circular saw 69m (200ft) from a power source has reduced power?
A
Use a#10 wire extension cord to handle the power
5
Q
What is the first thing that should be done before using a pneumatic to
A
Put a couple of drops of oil into the top where the air hose attaches
6
Q
What procedure is used to ensure an accurate reading of an unknown elevation
A
Start by taking a reading on the benchmark then take the reading on the unknown elevation, turn level and take the reading at the benchmark to confirm elevation
7
Q
What should be done when entering a new Jobsite
A
Workers must properly wear all personal protective equipment required
8
Q
What should be done to fill small gaps in an insulated concrete form system
A
Use a small bead of low expansion foam to seal
9
Q
What should be placed on top of a concrete foundation wall to isolate the bottom plate from the concrete
A
Sill gasket
10
Q
When should backfilling off a recently poured foundation wall be done
A
Install the dampproofing, construct the floor system, then backfill
11
Q
How should friction fit insulation be installed
A
Only install tight enough to fill the gaps and hold itself in place
12
Q
Which takes precedence if a discrepancy is found in the structural blue prints
A
Shop drawings
13
Q
You are building on a sloped grade. You need to build a stepped foundation and the top of the front of your foundation is 1000mm (39”) higher than that of the rear. How many steps are required in the foundation?
A
2
Need to know that the max stepped allowed is 600mm on a min 600mm distance
1000 is ok with two steps at 550mm each
14
Q
In order to draw an isometric foundation corner, which drawing instruments should be used together
A
A “T” square and a 30 degree/60degree set square to draw on the 30 degree axis
15
Q
Trusses will be delivered on site in large bundles banded together. How does one figure out where each piece goes, and he each piece has been designed to fit and function properly in the roof system
A
Manufacturer’s drawings and details
16
Q
There are basic minimum standards for washroom facilities on construction sites. Where can there be found
A
Occupational Health & safety code manuals
17
Q
A cylindrical water storage tank has 12 1/4” (310mm) thick walls and an outside diameter of 27’8 1/4” (8.44m). It is 13’ 1 1/2” (4.0m) do. What is the maximum volume of water this tank can hold if it’s full line is 3/4 the distance from the bottom of the tank?
A
Total diameter = 8.44m
Inner circle = 8.44m - .310m -.310m
D= 7.82m
R= 3.91
Surface area of a circle x depth
Pie (r2) x depth
(3.14 (3.91)squared) x 4
=192.018
This gives you the full volume
We only need 3/4 volume
=192.018 x .75
= 144.014
18
Q
What depth of trench is allowed to be dug without any protective measures such as shoring or cutback angle
A
1.2m
3’11”
19
Q
What is the minimum length a scaffold plank must overhang the scaffold transom at each end
A
150mm
6”
20
Q
What type of scaffold requires counterweights
A
Cantilever
21
Q
What is the minimum length of ladder required to climb 2.532 m (8’3 11/16”) vertically to another floor
A
Ladder should be set up at a 1:4 ratio
If the height is 2.532 the run is.633
The hypotenuse would be 2.6099
The ladder should extend 3’ (1m) past
So
3.6099
If the answer is an option between 3.5 and 3.7
3.7 is correct because 3.6 is the minimum allowed ladder
22
Q
Why should wood and metal shores posts never be used together under the formwork for a suspended slab
A
Wood and metal react differently to loading so therefore a failure could occur
23
Q
What procedure should be done when lowering a fly form and moving it out from a suspended slab
A
Reshore immediately in specific locations and then position fly form above
24
Q
When constructing a mat fitting, the outside forms are built with the loose forming method of snap ties, wedges, studs, and double walers. How are the inside of the ties held together
A
Snap ties welded to the reinforcing steel
25
When an excavation has been dug 59mm (2”) too deep, what procedure should be used to set the footing elevation
Set the forms to the proper height and pour them full even though extra concrete is required
26
What should be installed to protect the butt of a wood pile brooking during the driving procedure
Pile ring
27
What procedure is used when installing corners for formwork
Plumb in both directions and brace them immediately
28
In the snap tie system of forming, the wedges should be placed at a slight angle to increase their bearing on the structural forming members. What else should be done
They should be hammered snug and tacked with two duplex nails to prevent dislodging
29
When setting up shoring for a suspended slab, what mathematical processes must occur so that the slab is poured at the correct height
Height of shore plus depth of stringer plus depth of joist plus thickness of formply plus thickness of slab equals top of pour
30
When forming a construction joint for a suspended slab pour, what procedure should be used to allow for the easiest stripping without bending rebar
All rows of solid forming material below the top mat of steel should be short pieces
31
What should be done when forming in order to prevent discolouring of concrete at column corners
Install chamber strips in the form corners
32
When installing column forms, where should the column be poured to for a future flat slab
Be set at underside of dropped panel
33
When pouring a concrete stair, how can the riser face be repositioned if lateral deflections have taken place
By using an inverted stringers, wedging the riser stick slightly back beyond straightness and then continuing to pour
34
When pouring walls that will house a closed concrete stair, what procedure should be used so the inverted stringers can be easily attached
Set threaded inserts into concrete in specified locations for attachment
35
An exterior stair for a full care facility has a total rise of 832mm (32 3/4”) and the suggested unit rise is 125 mm (6”). Using the 430mm (17”) guideline what is the unit rise and unit run for this stair?
Minimum rise for a public stair is 125mm
A 17” guideline just means that the rise and run should add up to 17 (430mm)
832 * 7=118.8 which is under 125
832 * 6= 138.7 = rise
430-138.7=281.3 = run
36
What procedure is used when forming post tensioned suspended slabs and installing the reinforcement
Set the chairs for post tensioning tendons so that they remain in the tension third of the slab
37
When placing longitudinal and temperature steel for an exterior concrete stair, how is the size of steel required determined and where to tie the steel to achieve proper concrete coverage all around
Refer to the largest scale structural detail that shows the stair
38
What is a tag line
A line attached to the fly forms to keep them from spinning
39
When forms watching below a slab pour, what must be carefully checked and watched for
That the scaffolding/shoring and all uprights are tight and loaded evenly
40
What procedure is used to ensure a true surface is achieved when pouring a concrete slab
Screeding and bullfloating
41
What is one critical step to ensure proper curing of concrete
Place a polyethylene barrier on the ground before concrete placement
42
What is one method that can be used to prevent concrete from freezing in cold weather
Insulated tarps
43
For precast and tilt up structures, temporary bracing can be attached to inserts in the member itself and a ground member. What must be confirmed before lifting panels and attaching bracing
The proper inserts are
“installed correctly”
and concrete is strong enough
44
For which type of grout is it most critical to build tight and well fitted forms
Gas expansive
45
When framing an engineered floor system for a residential house, what information is required to fasten the two double joists carrying the stair headers?
Check the specs on the manufacturers drawings and fasten accordingly
46
In preparation for building the first floor of a residence, location of the stairwell is critical. How can this be done accurately and properly for each house?
Check the blueprints and manufacturers details relative to actual site location of pads and strip fittings before building
47
A building is 5000mm (16’5”) wide with a 38 x 140mm (2”x6”) mudsill flush to the outside of the building all the way around. With no central support members, what is the minimum supported joist length required to frame this floor
4796mm (15’9”)
48
Which figures should be used on the framing square to lay out the cross bridging for 38mm x 254mm (2”x10”) floor joists spaced 400mm (16”) on centre?
235mm and 360mm
8 1/2” and 14 1/2”
49
When laying out a header joist for solid lumber joists, where should the first layout mark be made?
Measure one OC spacing, less half the regular joist thickness, make a mark and an “x” away from the taper end
50
If the final windows size from outside of jamb to outside of jamb is 830mm
(32 3/4”) what is the length of the header required for this window
Kind of a trick question i think
OUTSIDE Jamb to jamb is the trick on this one
Meaning, don’t include the jamb thickness, but do include the half inch gap on either side for shimming
Header should be 32 3/4 plus the width of the 2 paces totaling one inch plus the width of two Jack (trim studs = 3”)
Answer should be 36”3/4
51
In order for a framing carpenter to allow for best load transfers and ease of installation of piping, wiring, and ductwork, what is the best way to layout an exterior wall at the front of the house
From whichever end the floor joists were laid out and at the floor joist spacing
52
If a finished windows size
(outside of jamb to outside of jamb) is 1200mm x 720mm (48” x 28”)
and it’s centre is located at
4400mm (14” 5”) from the SE corner of a house, at what mark from the SE corner will the windows side of the closest trimmer be?
Should simply be the centre of the window minus half the window width
= 12’5”
Test answer is
12’ 4” 1/2
Either they don’t include outside plywood in their calculations or they have a half inch gap on either side of the window jamb
I don’t agree with this one
53
When sheathing an exterior wall, where should the sheathing begin for a wall that runs short of the exterior
Hanging over the wall one exterior wall thickness at the beginning end
Weird question
It is basically asking about measuring for an exterior wall that bits up against a longer exterior wall, so your tape would be set to 7” 3/4 Past the wall plate so you still get your 16o/c spacing correct
54
Lapped ceiling joists on a central bearing wall are laid out at 400mm (15 1/4”) back and 400mm (15 1/4”) away respectively to the exterior walls they are attached to. What happens to the rafter layout at the ridge?
The rafters are offset directly opposite the ceiling rafters below them
Easier to see with a picture
Saying to lay out the rafters so that you can nail them to the ceiling rafters below, so they are staggered instead of on top
55
On a stick framed gable roof, the sheathing has been pushed away from the rafters all along the two outside walls above the birdsmouths. What is most likely to have happened
The seat cut on the ceiling joists were cut perfectly flush with the top rafter
56
A homeowner had an issue with headroom going from a dining room to a living room due to a large dropped beam carrying roof loads. What is the best solution to solve this issue?
Lift the dropped beam up into the ceiling joists and make it a flush beam
57
On an intersecting roof, what happens to the design length of the given rafters of the minor span is increased?
Supporting valley rafter remains the same, but it may or may not be attached to the major ridge at the same location
58
On a9m (30’) house span, trusses are designed for a10m (34’) to allow a small covering over the front entry. What is a likely cause if that roof begins to drastically say at the front exterior wall?
The trusses were all installed backwards and the bearing supports are 1.3 m (4’) from the back wall.
59
In a dimension lumber floor system, cross bridging is one way of dealing with joist restraint. When should the bottoms of the cross bridging be fastened?
Just prior to drywall so the floor has had time to straighten and settle.
60
Diagonal to chord braces are critical to prevent the top chord from buckling under forces such as wind. How else can this be done so the braces do not have to be removed when sheathing the roof
Run the diagonal to chord braces underside of the top chords
61
What must be done to a dimensional floor system to stiffen the joists
Install cross bridging between joists at 2100 mm (7’) o/c max
62
How should web stiffeners be installed where an I joist beats on an interior load bearing partition
With a 1/4” gap at the top chord and right to the bottom chord
63
A water closet is located on an interior wall and the soil pipe must pass through 3 I joists to reach the stack. What procedure is used?
Drill holes as far from the bearing wall as possible
64
What procedure is used to square an exterior framed wall prior to being sheathed
Measure the diagonals to square wall
65
What is the theoretical line length of the common roof rafter with a span of 8600 mm and having a 100:250 slope?
Multiplier
Square root of
100 squared + 250squared
=269.2582404 divided by 250 for multiplier
=1.077032961
Multiply by the run (half the span) 4300
=4631.24mm
66
What is the theoretical line length of the third gable and studs framed 406mm (16”) o/c from the corner on a roof with a 2:3 (8:12) slope
Ans: 2’8”
Use ratio proportioning
Slope is 8:12
Eight inches for every foot
Need to figure out what it would be for
Sixteen on centre
?:16
12/8=1.5
16/1.5=10.6
10.6:16
Third gable stud jn multiple 10.6 by three
=32”
Or 2’8”
67
What is the length of a hip rafter on a roof with a slope of 1:2 (6:12) and having a run of 3600mm (12’)?
Length of hip rafter
Change 6:12 to 6:16.97
This question worked out that 12’ gives a rise of 6’
Find the hypotenuse
Square root of 6 squared plus 16.97 squared
=18’
68
For an unequal slope roof with an equal overhang, what procedure is used to keep the soffit the same?
Raise the wall under the minor roof by the difference in rise of the roofs over the run of the overhang
69
When rafters are placed opposite each other and ceiling joists are supported on a bearing wall, how are the joists installed?
Set on opposite sides of the rafters, lapped over the bearing wall, spaced with a block and nailed together
70
When installing scissor trusses how should they be attached to the exterior bearing wall
Installing a dedicated scissor truss hanger
71
How is truss roof sheeting installed?
Install ridge blocking and permanent bracing, then remove temporary bracing as it gets in the way of the roof sheeting.
72
How is an exterior door installed where the floor is not level
Cut a continuous shin full width of the door to level and plumb frame, caulk and shim to floor and threshold to shop then insulate
73
An exterior door is installed in a rough opening and the top corner on the strike side does not close right to the weather stripping. How is this corrected?
Shim behind the brick mould at the bottom on the strike side and at the top of the hinge side
74
If the top of a window is 400mm below the soffit and the roof overhang is 600mm. How is the windows weather proofed?
CODE: 9.27.3
Install a flashing under the moisture barrier at the top of the window
75
When installing a windows, where should the sill shops be placed?
At the 1/4 points of the sill
76
When gaining hinges with a router template, how should the template be placed?
3mm (1/8”) lower on the jamb than the door
77
When installing a bit-fold door, what adjustments must be made if the door is binding at the side jamb on the top?
Adjust the top pivot
78
What is required before installing asphalt shingles to a roof?
Install eve protection
79
When a chimney on a sloped roof is more than 750mm (30”)wide, what must be done to protect the roof from the build up of snow at the junction
CODE
Install a saddle
Not all building codes in North America require you to install a chimney cricket. However, most specify that you need a roof saddle if you have a chimney that is wider than 30 inches.
Note that you should measure the width of a chimney on the side that is parallel to the ridge.
80
What is the minimum ventilation required with openings to the exterior for an insulated space
CODE
9.19.1 roof spaces
1/300 of the insulated space
81
What procedure is used to install asphalt shingles around a masonry chimney
Install roofing and steel flashing alternately and then counter flashing
82
When attaching angle iron to support a masonry veneer on a four story building how is it fastened to the building structure?
CODE
9.20.5.2
At the top foundation wall and at each floor level
83
What must be done prior to installing vertical vinyl siding to a wall?
Install horizontal strapping at 600mm (24”) o/c
84
How is a close cornice constructed
Cutting rafter tails flush with the building and lapping fascia over sheathing
85
How should horizontal vinyl siding be at outside corners
Installed with vinyl corners allowing room for expansion
86
What should be done to prevent the build-up of moisture between a rainscreen type cladding and the outside face of the wall
Provide a secondary drainage plane and weep holes
87
Where should a frieze board be attached to the exterior of a building
Installed horizontally at the junction of the wall and the soffit
Frieze board is a type of trim that is typically installed between the top of a home's siding and the soffit. It's normally installed flat against the home, but it may be installed at an angle if installed on a gable. Frieze board may also be used as a decorative, horizontal trim anywhere in or on the home.
88
What is the first procedure before installing vertical solid wood wainscoting?
Strap the wall horizontally and shim to achieve a flat plane before installing vertical members
89
For a T-bar ceiling system, how many 600mm x 1200mm (2’x4’) ceiling tiles would be required in a room measuring 4670mm x 5800mm (14’7”x18’4”)
Answer=40
90
What procedure is used to prevent sound transmission between suites in a multi-family dwelling
Install resilient channels between the studs and wall finish and add acoustic insulation
91
What is the proper method of applying baseboard at carpet and linoleum locations when there are two different elevations
Scribe baseboard over carpet line
92
What must be done before installing resilient flooring
Nail/staple acceptable underlay material
93
What substrate is required to install a ceramic tile floor in a bathroom?
Install a minimum 1/2” plywood underlay
94
To insure a consistent reveal where should the shims be placed when installing an interior door frame
Behind each hinge and behind strike and opposite hinges on the strike side
95
What is required when a fire exit door is required leaving a stairwell
Panic hardware,a door closed and a rated door and frame
96
What adjustment must be made when closing a basement windows, if the lock mechanism will not close fully ( too tight)
Moving the latch up
97
What is the first procedure when installing a steel door frame in a masonry wall?
Level the head jamb
98
When installing panic hardware on a fire exit door at the top of a stairwell, where should it be mounted
Outside the stairwell
99
What procedure should be used for constructing a balustrade on a finished stair
Plumb the newels, cut the handrails and fit the ballusters
100
A stair using the maximum rise and the minimum run is too long for an existing rough opening. What is the best solution for the problem
Install a set of winders
101
What is the inside spacing of the newel posts are 1628mm (5’4”) apart (in between) and the spindles are 35mm
(1”1/16) wide
92.92mm (4”)
Need to know
Max o/c space between balusters is 100mm + baluster thickness
Formula
Distance between newels +1 baluster
—————————————————
Max o/c spacing
Then
Distance between newels +1 baluster
—————————————————
Number of spaces
1628mm + 35mm
————————
135mm
=12.3185( always round up)
=13 ( number of balusters)
Then
1628mm + 35mm
————————-
13
=127.923 o/c spacing
Subtract one balluster width
=92.92mm (distance between balusters)
(4”)
102
What defines the stringers for a circular stair
The slope of the inside stringer is greater than the slope of the outside stringer
103
When building a mortising jig for a 3” 1/2 x 3” 1/2 butt hinge what is the length of the cutout
3” 1/3 + the difference in diameter of the router bit and the guide bushing
104
What is the best product for a clear-coat finish on an exterior wooden deck
Spar varnish
Spar-Marine Varnish is recommended for use on exterior wood, fiberglass, coated metal, or painted surfaces. It can be used on unfinished wood surfaces or previously finished surfaces. This finish can also be used over stained surfaces that have thoroughly dried.
105
The last panel on a wall has to be cut to fit, what is the best way to do this
Cut panel approxximatrly 25mm (1”) wide, tack in place plumb to the last panel and set scribing tool to mark exactly the width of the overlap
106
How are sequences matched paneling installed
Will arrive on site numbered in sequence, and must be installed that way
