Ocean resources/fisheries

Question 1

Ocean facts

Answer 1

makes up 70% of world, 90% is salt water, 3% freshwater, transports heat/salt, controls climate

Question 2

Ocean uses

Answer 2

resources (food), building materials, dumping waste

Question 3

difficulty with managing ocean problems

Answer 3

too large to manage resources, people think its its so large there’s not point, hard to access areas where humans aren’t there

Question 4

fishery facts

Answer 4

rely on 13,000 fish for food, from 50s we underexploited 55% of fish, now down to 13% in 2013

Question 5

impacts of fisheries

Answer 5

reduction of predator fish, increase in prey fish, degradation of habitats

Question 6

Atlantic cod stocks, Canada

Answer 6

increase in catches since 50s as they fished deeper, peaked at 800K in 1968 and then closed in 2003 due to decline of stock

Question 7

management failings of fisheries

Answer 7

treated as free for all, nations subsidise fishing which causes unsustainable fishing, efforts to conserve end up causing overexploitation

Question 8

fishery locations

Answer 8

upwelling areas with nutrients, usually by equator

Question 9

Southern Ocean

Answer 9

absorbs 70% of human heat, absorbs 40% of CO2, overfishing of krill/seals. overfishing of krill can destroy ecosystem

Question 10

CCAMLR

Answer 10

about sustainable fishing, catches 300K tonnes a year,

Question 11

Whales

Answer 11

prone to whaling/collisions/entanglement, sperm whales nearly went extinct

Question 12

reduce whaling

Answer 12

policies/conservation

Question 13

Ocean problems

Answer 13

plastic (takes ages to disintegrate, suffocation), oil (toxic, clean up destroys ecosystem)

Question 14

pollution in black sea

Answer 14

lots of nutrients come from river, declined ecosystems

Question 15

convention of protection of black sea 1994

Answer 15

improve sewage treatment and algal blooms

Question 16

order

Answer 16

ocean facts/purposes-fisheries- southern ocean- whales- problems- black sea