Oceanography

Question 1

5 Oceans

Answer 1

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic.

Question 2

Early Oceanography

Answer 2

The voyage of the HMS Challenger laid the foundation

for the modern science of oceanography.

Question 3

Sonar

Answer 3

“Sound, Navigation, and Ranging”, a system that uses
acoustic signals and returned echoes to determine the
location of objects or to communicate. Scientists measure the time that the sound waves take to travel from the transmitter, to the ocean floor, and to the receiver in order to calculate the depth of the ocean floor. Scientists then use this information to make maps and
profiles of the ocean floor.

Question 4

Submersibles

Answer 4

Underwater research vessels.

Question 5

Bathysphere

Answer 5

One such submersible is the bathysphere, a spherical
diving vessel that remains connected to the research
ship for communications and life support.

Question 6

Bathyscaph

Answer 6

Another type of piloted submersible, called a

bathyscaph, is a self-propelled, free-moving submarine.

Question 7

Global Ocean

Answer 7

The body of salt water that covers nearly three-fourths of Earth’s surface.

Question 8

ROV (remotely operated vehicle)

Answer 8

Other modern submersibles are submarine robots. ROV (remotely operated vehicle)

Question 9

Bathymetry

Answer 9

Features of the ocean floor.

Question 10

Continental Margin

Answer 10

The shallow sea floor that is located between the shoreline and the deep-ocean bottom.

Question 11

Deep-Ocean Basin

Answer 11

The part of the ocean floor that is under deep water beyond the continental margin and that is composed of oceanic crust and a thin layer of sediment.

Question 12

The Ocean Floor consist of two main parts…

Answer 12

The Continental Margin and The Deep-Ocean Basin.

Question 13

The Continental Margin consist of…

Answer 13

The continental shelf, the continental slope, the continental rise, and submarine canyons.

Question 14

The Continental Shelf

Answer 14

The part of the continent that is covered by water.

Question 15

The Continental Slope

Answer 15

At the seaward edge of a continental shelf is a steep slope.

Question 16

The Continental Rise

Answer 16

These sediments form a wedge at the base of the continental slope.

Question 17

Submarine Canyon

Answer 17

The continental shelf and continental slope may be cut by deep V-shaped valleys. These are deep valleys.

Question 18

The Deep-Ocean Basin consist of…

Answer 18

These features include broad, flat plains; submerged volcanoes; gigantic mountain ranges; and deep
trenches.

Question 19

Trench

Answer 19

A long, narrow, and steep depression that forms on the ocean floor.

Question 20

Abyssal Plain

Answer 20

A large, flat, almost level area of the deep-ocean basin.

Question 21

Mid-Ocean Ridge

Answer 21

Underwater mountain ranges that run along the floors of all oceans.

Question 22

Seamounts

Answer 22

Submerged volcanic mountains that are taller than 1 km.

Question 23

Island

Answer 23

Seamounts that rise above the ocean surface.

Question 24

Guyot

Answer 24

Submerged Seamounts.

Question 25

The two main gasses in the Atmosphere...

Answer 25

Nitrogen and Oxygen

Question 26

Carbon Sink

Answer 26

Because of this ability to dissolve and contain a large | amount of CO2 the ocean is referred as this.

Question 27

3.5%

Answer 27

The amount of dissolved solids in ocean water.

Question 28

Sea Salts

Answer 28

Give the ocean its salty taste.

Question 29

Six most abundant elements in ocean water...

Answer 29

Chlorine, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, and | potassium.

Question 30

Halite

Answer 30

Salt made of sodium and chloride ions.

Question 31

Salinity

Answer 31

The measure of the amount of dissolved salts in | a given amount of liquid.

Question 32

Pacific Ocean

Answer 32

The deepest and largest ocean.

Question 33

Density

Answer 33

Major factor affecting deep currents.

Question 34

Turbidity Current

Answer 34

Type of Deep-Ocean Current.

Question 35

Long-Shore Currents

Answer 35

Form sandbars.

Question 36

Deep-Ocean Basin

Answer 36

Part of ocean floor made of crust and thin layer of sediment.

Question 37

Abyssal Plains

Answer 37

Flattest regions on Earth.

Question 38

Asteroid Belt

Answer 38

Located between Mars and Jupiter.

Question 39

Trench

Answer 39

Deepest place in Earth's crust.

Question 40

Exoplanets

Answer 40

Objects that circle stars other than our sun.

Question 41

Submarine Canyon

Answer 41

Deep valley in continental shelf or slope.

Question 42

Fetch

Answer 42

Distance wind blows across an area of sea to generate waves.

Question 43

Winds

Answer 43

Major factor affecting surface currents.

Question 44

Sonar

Answer 44

Used to measure depth of ocean floor.

Question 45

Kuiper Belt

Answer 45

Region of Solar System located beyond Neptune; contains icy bodies.

Question 46

Undertow

Answer 46

Irregular current caused by breakers pulling water back into deeper water.

Question 47

Coriolis Effect

Answer 47

Causes curved paths of current and wind patterns.

Question 48

Arctic

Answer 48

Smallest Ocean.

Question 49

Wave Erosion

Answer 49

Causes an atoll to change to a guyot.

Question 50

Sea

Answer 50

Large body of water that may be surrounded by land.

Question 51

HMS Challenger

Answer 51

Voyage marked beginning of oceanography.

Question 52

Trace Elements

Answer 52

Elements that exist in very small amounts.

Question 53

Salinity and Temperature

Answer 53

Factors that affect Density.

Question 54

Currents

Answer 54

Water in the ocean moving in giant streams.

Question 55

Reflecting Telescope

Answer 55

Type of telescope in which initial image is formed by a concave mirror.

Question 56

Rip Currents

Answer 56

Form when breakers return to the ocean by cutting channels through sandbars.

Question 57

Fresh Water

Answer 57

Makes up 97.5% of ocean water.

Question 58

Evaporation will...

Answer 58

The factor that along with precipitation will affect salinity.

Question 59

Sargasso Sea

Answer 59

Vast, calm, warm area of Atlantic ocean.

Question 60

Gas Giant

Answer 60

Planet with a complex ring system and has many moons.

Question 61

Moons

Answer 61

Small bodies that orbit planets.

Question 62

Calendar

Answer 62

System for measuring time by dividing it into days, weeks, months.