OCII

Question 1

Strongest C-X bond based on bond enthalpy

Answer 1

C-F

Question 2

Type of reaction: Halogenoalkane —> alcohol

Answer 2

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 3

Reagents: halogenoalkane —> alcohol

Answer 3

Aqueous solution of NaOH or KOH

Question 4

Identify the nucleophile: Halogenoalkane —> alcohol

Answer 4

Hydroxide ion

Question 5

Type of reaction: Halogenoalkane —> alkene

Answer 5

Elimination

Question 6

Reagents needed: Halogenoalkane —> alkene

Answer 6

HOT Ethanolic potassium/sodium hydroxide

Question 7

What acts as a base in an elimination reaction

Answer 7

Hydroxide ion

Question 8

Type of reaction: halogenoalkane —> silver halide

Answer 8

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 9

Identify the nucleophile in halogenoalkane —> silver halide

Answer 9

Water

Question 10

Colour of silver chloride

Answer 10

White

Question 11

Colour of silver bromide

Answer 11

Cream

Question 12

Colour of silver iodide

Answer 12

Yellow

Question 13

Type of reaction: halogenoalkane —> amine

Answer 13

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 14

Reagent + condition : halogenoalkane —> amine

Answer 14

HOT ethanolic solution of excess ammonia , under pressure

Question 15

Type of reaction: halogenoalkane —> nitrile

Answer 15

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 16

Nucleophile: halogenoalkane —> amine

Answer 16

Ammonia

Question 17

Nucleophile: Halogenoalkane —> nitrile

Answer 17

Cyanide ion (CN-)

Question 18

Reagent and condition: halogenoalkane —> nitrile

Answer 18

Ethanolic solution of potassium cyanide heated under reflux

Question 19

Type of reaction: alcohol —> halogenoalkane

Answer 19

Nucleophillic substitution

Question 20

Reagent needed to produce choloroalkane

Answer 20

PCl5

Question 21

Products of nucleophilic substitution of alcohol + PCl5

Answer 21

RCl + HCl + POCl3

Question 22

Reagent needed for alcohol —> bromoalkane

Answer 22

50% sulphuric acid and potassium bromide

Question 23

Two reactions to produce bromoalkanes

Answer 23

1. 2KBr + H2SO4 —> HBr + K2SO4
2. Alcohol + HBr —> bromoalkane

Question 24

Reagent needed for alcohol —> iodoalkane

Answer 24

Red phosphorus + iodine

Question 25

Two reactions for production of iodoalkane

Answer 25

1. 2P + 3I2 —> 2PI3 2. Alcohol + PI3 —> iodoalkane + H3PO3

Question 26

Type of reaction: alcohol —> alkene

Answer 26

Elimination

Question 27

Reagent needed for elimination of alcohol

Answer 27

Hot concentrated phosphoric acid (H3PO4)

Question 28

Combustion of alcohol reaction

Answer 28

Alcohol + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water

Question 29

Test for aldehydes

Answer 29

Add feelings solution- presence of aldehyde = RED PPT, no aldehyde = REMAINS BLUE

Question 30

Test for carboxylic acids

Answer 30

Add sodium carbonate/sodium hydrogen carbonate then conduct limewater test If CO2 produced, carboxylic acid present

Question 31

What type of alcohol can produce a ketone

Answer 31

Secondary

Question 32

Oxidation of secondary alcohol reaction

Answer 32

Secondary alcohol + [O] —> ketone

Question 33

Reagents/conditions needed for oxidation of secondary alcohol

Answer 33

Acidified potassium dichromate solution (potassium dichromate in a solution of dilute sulfuric acid) under reflux

Question 34

What type of alcohol oxidises to produce an aldehyde

Answer 34

Primary

Question 35

What type of alcohol is oxidised to produce a carboxylic acid

Answer 35

Primary

Question 36

Reaction for oxidation of primary alcohol to aldehyde

Answer 36

Primary alcohol + [O] —> aldehyde Distillation, acidified potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)

Question 37

Reaction of oxidation of alcohol to produce carboxylic acid

Answer 37

Primary alcohol + [O] —> carboxylic acid UNDER REFLUX, acidified potassium dichromate