Ocular Infections (conjunctivitis, iritis), Retinal Artery Occlusion, Retinal Detachment, Ocular Trauma (hyphen, laceration, globe rupture)

Question 1

inflammation of the cornea

caused by viral infection (herpes simplex/zoster, adenovirus), bacterial infection or ultraviolet

Answer 1

keratitis

Question 2

can affect eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea causing watery dc, burning, fever, fatigue w/ vesicular lesions

treated w/ antivirals

can cause vision loss w/ treatment

Answer 2

herpes simplex/zoster

Question 3

eye redness, tearing, pain, photophobia

Answer 3

adenovirus

Question 4

often related to corneal ulceration and treated w/ topical abx

Answer 4

bacterial infection

Question 5

welders flash, snow/ice blindness causing eye pain and intense photophobia 6-10 hours after exposure treated w/ oral analgesics, cycloplegics and topical abx

Answer 5

ultraviolet keratitis

Question 6

inflammation of the conjunctival layer

Answer 6

conjunctivitis

Question 7

purulent (drainage dries during sleep and eyes stick shut in the morning)

symptoms usually unilateral

caused by staph aureus, homophiles influenzae, strep pneumonia, moraxella catarrhalis

tx - topical abx

Answer 7

bacterial conjunctivitis

Question 8

clear/watery dc, most common (80% of cases)

caused by adenovirus, measles, herpes

tx - cool compress

Answer 8

viral conjunctivitis

Question 9

clear/ watery d/c

caused by allergies (associated w/ hay fever, asthma, eczema)

tx - cool compress, antihistamines

Answer 9

allergic conjunctivitis

Question 10

inflammation of the uveal layer of the eye

affects only the anterior portion of the eye and is then referred to simply as ____

may be d/t trauma or infection but nearly always related to systemic inflammatory disease

s/s - severe unilateral eye pain (exacerbated by direct and consensual light reflex, consensual photophobia highly suggestive of _____), reddened eye lacks d/c, excessive tearing, photophobia, decreased or blurred vision

tx - cycloplegics, topical corticosteroids, ophthalmology consult, dark environment, cool compresses for comfort

Answer 10

iritis/uveitis

Question 11

occlusions in the retinal arteries causing hypoxia to the rods and cones that, without prompt treatment, can result in permanent loss of vision

s/s - sudden, painless, monocular loss of vision

tx- must be rapid as irreversible blindness occurs in four hours or less, involves prompt ophthalmology consult for fibrinolytic therapy

Answer 11

central retinal artery occlusion

Question 12

detachment of the retina from the underlying uveal layer, can be d/t trauma or may be degenerative w/ age (Especially common in near sighted individuals

s/s - monocular flashing lights in visual field (photopsia) - consider neurological problem if binocular, floaters or cobwebs in the visual field, curtain of veil-like vision

tx -absolute bed rest, bilateral patching, ophthalmology consult

Answer 12

retinal detachment