Oddballs Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
6/18, 6 means
A
test done at 6m
2
Q
6/18, 6 means
A
test done at 6m
3
Q
if Snellen test is done at 6m this number goes on the top/bottom?
A
top
4
Q
+ prescription means you are
A
long sighted
5
Q
minus prescription means you are
A
near sighted
6
Q
+3.00/-1.00x180 +2.00
which is the correction for astigmatism in this spectacle prescription?
which is the reading correction for old age?
A
-1.00x180
+2.00
7
Q
normal cup ratio =
A
0.5 to 0.6
8
Q
Ix for ocular circulation
A
fluorescein angiography
9
Q
trabeculectomy =
indication
A
Sx that causes drainage channel between anterior chamber and subconjunctival space - to control glaucoma if drugs not effective
10
Q
__-___ = visually impaired
A
6/18 to 3/60
11
Q
___ = legally blind
A
<3/60
12
Q
A
6/18
13
Q
A
6/30
14
Q
most common cause of blindness in developed countries
A
ARMD
15
Q
phaco emulsification (sutureless small incision) is an Rx for
A
cataracts
16
Q
trochoma is prevalent where?
caused by __
features =
A
Africa, Asia - dry hot climates chlamydia trachomatis scar (white lacy) under eyelid contraction trichiasis
17
Q
vaccine for trochoma =
A
azithromycin
18
Q
river blindness aka
caused by __
A
onchocerciasis
parasitic fly
19
Q
keratoconus =
A
irregular astigmatism - need a rigid contact lens
20
Q
1 diopter (strength of lens) =
2 =
3=
A
1 = focal length is 1m 2= 0.5m 3 = 0.33m
21
Q
elderly need _ve lens to see __
A
+
nearby
22
Q
anisometropia
A
difference between R+L ameteropia
23
Q
antimetropic =
A
one eye long and the other is short sighted
24
Q
ophthaloscopy:
if the observer has no refractive error but the ptnt is myopic then ___ lenses will be required
A
minus
25
ophthalmoscopy - observer removes glasses unless __
has an astigmatism
26
to examine red reflex ophthalmoscope lens should be on
0
27
get patient to look __ if looking at superior rectus through ophthalmoscope
ie. always ask them to look ___
up
| in the direction of the portion of the retina you want to observe
28
methodical pattern of ophthalmoscope observation of retina =
```
disc
sup temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf nasal arcade vessels and retina
superior nasal arcade vessels and retina
macula
```
29
SH in ocular disease =
driving
hobbies
occupation
30
FH in ocular disease =
glaucoma
strabismus
pre-senile cataract
31
PMH 2 important aspects to ask in ocular disease =
vascular - diabetes, CHD, hbp etc.
| endocrine eg. thyroid
32
past ocular hx =
glasses/contacts?
any conditions?
ambylopia squint in childhood?
previous trauma/Sx
33
visual aberrations =
```
glare and haloes
metamorphopsia
blurring
flashing lights and floaters
diplopia (which direction, worse on any particular direction of gaze)
```
34
important questions about visual loss
sudden/gradual onset
duration - intermittent?
worsening/same/improving?
uni/bilateral, focal?
extent?
ass - distortion, headache, nausea, floaters
relieve/aggravate - new glasses? night? tiredness?
35
convergent squint =
esotropia
36
divergent squint =
exotropia
37
high eye =
hypertropia
38
low eye =
hypotropia
39
cover test is carried out at __ of a metre
1/3
40
cover test should be done at __ and ___ focussing
near and distant
41
if patient wears glasses what do you do in the cover test?
do with and without glasses to see what effect they have on the size of the deviation
42
intorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior rectus
| adduction
43
extorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior rectus
| adduction
44
depression is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior oblique
| adduction
45
elevation is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior oblique
| adduction
46
intorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior oblique
| abduction
47
extorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior oblique
| abduction
48
elevation is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior rectus
| abduction
49
depression is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior rectus
| abduction
50
in swinging light test what is the normal result
both pupils stay equally constricted
51
hypertropia and eye can't depress in adduction = __ palsy
trochlear (IV)
52
esotropia and eye cannot abduct = __ palsy
CNVI (abducens)
53
exo and hypotropia, maybe dilated pupil and eye can only abduct + depress in adduction
ptosis = ___ palsy
CNIII (oculomotor palsy)
54
if Snellen test is done at 6m this number goes on the top/bottom?
top
55
+ prescription means you are
long sighted
56
minus prescription means you are
near sighted
57
+3.00/-1.00x180 +2.00
which is the correction for astigmatism in this spectacle prescription?
which is the reading correction for old age?
-1.00x180
| +2.00
58
normal cup ratio =
0.5 to 0.6
59
Ix for ocular circulation
fluorescein angiography
60
trabeculectomy =
| indication
Sx that causes drainage channel between anterior chamber and subconjunctival space - to control glaucoma if drugs not effective
61
__-___ = visually impaired
6/18 to 3/60
62
___ = legally blind
<3/60
63
less than ___ = reading difficulty
6/18
64
6/30
65
most common cause of blindness in developed countries
ARMD
66
phaco emulsification (sutureless small incision) is an Rx for
cataracts
67
trochoma is prevalent where?
caused by __
features =
```
Africa, Asia - dry hot climates
chlamydia trachomatis
scar (white lacy) under eyelid
contraction
trichiasis
```
68
vaccine for trochoma =
azithromycin
69
river blindness aka
| caused by __
onchocerciasis
| parasitic fly
70
keratoconus =
irregular astigmatism - need a rigid contact lens
71
1 diopter (strength of lens) =
2 =
3=
```
1 = focal length is 1m
2= 0.5m
3 = 0.33m
```
72
elderly need _ve lens to see __
+
| nearby
73
anisometropia
difference between R+L ameteropia
74
antimetropic =
one eye long and the other is short sighted
75
ophthaloscopy:
| if the observer has no refractive error but the ptnt is myopic then ___ lenses will be required
minus
76
ophthalmoscopy - observer removes glasses unless __
has an astigmatism
77
to examine red reflex ophthalmoscope lens should be on
0
78
get patient to look __ if looking at superior rectus through ophthalmoscope
ie. always ask them to look ___
up
| in the direction of the portion of the retina you want to observe
79
methodical pattern of ophthalmoscope observation of retina =
```
disc
sup temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf nasal arcade vessels and retina
superior nasal arcade vessels and retina
macula
```
80
SH in ocular disease =
driving
hobbies
occupation
81
FH in ocular disease =
glaucoma
strabismus
pre-senile cataract
82
PMH 2 important aspects to ask in ocular disease =
vascular - diabetes, CHD, hbp etc.
| endocrine eg. thyroid
83
past ocular hx =
glasses/contacts?
any conditions?
ambylopia squint in childhood?
previous trauma/Sx
84
visual aberrations =
```
glare and haloes
metamorphopsia
blurring
flashing lights and floaters
diplopia (which direction, worse on any particular direction of gaze)
```
85
important questions about visual loss
sudden/gradual onset
duration - intermittent?
worsening/same/improving?
uni/bilateral, focal?
extent?
ass - distortion, headache, nausea, floaters
relieve/aggravate - new glasses? night? tiredness?
86
convergent squint =
esotropia
87
divergent squint =
exotropia
88
high eye =
hypertropia
89
low eye =
hypotropia
90
cover test is carried out at __ of a metre
1/3
91
cover test should be done at __ and ___ focussing
near and distant
92
if patient wears glasses what do you do in the cover test?
do with and without glasses to see what effect they have on the size of the deviation
93
intorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior rectus
| adduction
94
extorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior rectus
| adduction
95
depression is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior oblique
| adduction
96
elevation is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior oblique
| adduction
97
intorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior oblique
| abduction
98
extorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior oblique
| abduction
99
elevation is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
superior rectus
| abduction
100
depression is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___
inferior rectus
| abduction
101
in swinging light test what is the normal result
both pupils stay equally constricted
102
hypertropia and eye can't depress in adduction = __ palsy
trochlear (IV)
103
esotropia and eye cannot abduct = __ palsy
CNVI (abducens)
104
exo and hypotropia, maybe dilated pupil and eye can only abduct + depress in adduction
ptosis = ___ palsy
CNIII (oculomotor palsy)
105
causes of Horner's syndrome =
```
congenital
carotid aneurysm
lesions of neck
Pancoast tumour
MS/brain stem vascular disease
```
