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Clinical knowledge II > OHI > Flashcards

OHI Flashcards

1
Q

What does establishing suitable oral hygiene habits require?

A

Communication
Motivation
Skills

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2
Q

What should oral hygiene techniques be?

A

Effective
Safe
Easy to learn
Inexpensive

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3
Q

How would you carry out OHI?

A

Diagnose
Educate
Illustrate
ID cleaning
Demonstrate
Assess ability

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4
Q

What is the recommended brushing technique?

A

The modified Bass Method.

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5
Q

When is a single tufted brush indicated?

A

Type II embrasures.
Fixed dental prosthesis.
Difficult to reach areas.
Persistent pockets

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6
Q

What does daily tongue cleaning achieve?

A

The removal of pathogenic bacteria.
Reduces bacteria in the saliva.
Improves taste.
Reduces halitosis.
Removes sulfur compounds.

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7
Q

What TBI would you give for a manual tooth brush?

A

5 degree angle.
Surfaces of all teeth.
2 minutes.
At night and on one other occasion daily.
Spit don’t rinse.

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8
Q

What are the 4 key steps to denture care?

A

Daily cleaning with toothbrush.
Daily soaking is denture-cleansing solution.
Remove at night.
Have a regular recall.

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9
Q

How would you advise a patient with ortho to take care of their oral hygiene?

A

Remove any elastics.
Use an orthodontic brush.
Use modified bass technique.
ID brushes to clean under archwire.

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10
Q

What products would you recommend for orthodontic appliances?

A

0.05% fluoride daily rinse.
0.2% fluoride weekly rinse.
Fluoride varnish 2.26% every 3/12

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11
Q

What diet advice would you give for orthodontic appliances?

A

Soft foods.
cut food into small pieces and chew on the back teeth.
Avoid hard foods.
avoid chewy foods.
Avoid sugary foods.
Avoid chewing on hard things such as pens/pencils/fingernails.

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12
Q

What is included in primary prevention?

A

Prevent disease.
Health education.
Action on determinants of health.

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13
Q

What is included in secondary prevention?

A

Early detection of disease.
Appropriate intervention.
Health education.

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14
Q

What is included in tertiary prevention?

A

Reduce the impact of the disease.
Promote quality of life through active rehabilitation.
Health education.

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15
Q

What is the maximum amount of sugar for 11 years +?

A

30 grams

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16
Q

What is the maximum amount of sugar for 7-10 year olds?

A

24 grams

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17
Q

What is the maximum amount of sugar for 4-6 year olds?

A

19 grams

18
Q

What diet advice would you give for a baby?

A

Breast milk or infant formula
No solids before 6 months.
Wean from 6 months
Boiled cooled mains.
Tap water
No low fat, low calorie, high fibre advice.
No fruit juice before 6 months.

19
Q

What diet advice would you give for children?

A

Don’t add sugar to foods.
Don’t add sugar to bottles.
Don’t give honey.
Don’t dip a dummy in sweet foods.
Don’t give whole nuts.
No low fat/calorie/fibre advice.

20
Q

What are he dietary factors that affect the caries risk?

A

Frequency of food.
Amount of fermentable carbohydrates eaten.
Amount ofsugar.
Consistency of food.
Favourable components in diet.

21
Q

What is demineralisation affected by?

A

Is affected by the number and type of bacteria.
The saliva secretion rate.
Saliva buffering capacity.
The ability to eliminate foods.

22
Q

What will a high carbohydrate diet do?

A

It will encourage the proliferation of bacteria that metabolise carbohydrate and produce acid.

23
Q

What will a concentrated carbohydrate diet do?

A

Will clear more slowly from the mouth.

24
Q

What will a diet rich in sucrose do?

A

Will encourage proliferation of streptocoous mutans.

25
Q

What may sugar be called in food?

A

Glucose
Sucrose
Maltose
Corn syrup
Honey
Hydrolysed starch
Invert sugar
Fructose
Molasses

26
Q

What can affect the elimination of sugars from the mouth?

A

Age
Saliva flow rate.
Muscular activity.
Food traps.
Adhesive foods.
Sugar concentration.

27
Q

What diet advice would you give regarding sugars?

A

Reduce frequency and amount of free sugar intake.
Avoid concentrated sugars.
Restrict sugary foods/drinks to mealtimes.
Restrict sugar one hour before bed.
Limit foods and drinks with sugar to 4 times per day.

28
Q

What are the causes of erosion?

A

Foods/drinks acidity and frequency.
Gastric reflux.
Vomiting
Medication (Aspirin)
Quantity and quality of saliva.
Features of the pellicle.
Timing
Oral swishing
toothbrushing after food intake.

29
Q

What are the possible extrinsic sources of acid?

A

Drinks with citric acid
Carbonated drinks
Alcopops
Cider
Wine
Fruit teas
Sports drinks
Fruit
Pickles
Vitamin C, Aspirin and iron.

30
Q

What advice would you give to someone with erosion?

A

Fluoride tp
Spit don’t rinse
fluoride mouth wash
fluoride varnish.
Don’t brush immediately after eating/drinking/vomiting.
Avoid frequent intake of acidic foods.

31
Q

What habits may lead to attrition?

A

Grinding
Bruxism
Parafunction
Alcoholism
Biting pens/hairclips/nails
Stress

32
Q

What causes abrasion?

A

Poor brushing technique
Abrasive toothpastes
Abrasive food particles
Nails biting
Tobacco chewing

33
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of gingivits?

A

Redness
Swelling
Bleeding
Soft and spongey
Loss of stippling
Bulbous papillae
Halitosis
Increased probing depths

34
Q

What are the clinical features of periodontitis?

A

Loss of gingival contour.
Formation of pockets.
Mobility
Evidence of loss of bone.
Loss of attachemnt.

35
Q

What are the risk factors of periodontitis?

A

Smoking
Systemic disease
Genetics
Medications
Pregnancy
Stress
Obesity
Diet

36
Q

What diseases are associated with smoking?

A

Angina
Asthma
COPD
TB
Crohn’s disease.
Periodontitis
Rheumatoid arthritis
tooth loss
Tooth discolouration

37
Q

What are the oral health risks of smoking?

A

Oral cancer
Leukoplakia
ANUG
Poor wound healing
Smokers melanosis
Smokers palate
Oral candidosis
Tooth staining
Halitosis

38
Q

What are the health benefits to smoking cessation?

A

Stabilisation of lung cancer risk.
Heart disease risk declines.
Accelerated decline in lung infections.
Improved recovery from surgery.
Improved reproductive health.

39
Q

What are the symptoms of nicotine withdrawl?

A

Concentration problems.
Agitation
Light-headedness
Cravings
Restlessness
Increased appetite
Depression
Mouth ulcers
Coughing
Constipation
Decreased cortisol
Decreased adrenaline.

40
Q

What is the smoking cessation advice you will give to a smoker?

A

ASK - establish tobacco use, update in notes.
ADVISE - Give VBA, advise the best way to stop though combination of medical and support.
ACT - Give information of a referral to stop smoking service

41
Q
A

Clinical knowledge II (18 decks)

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