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ED 541 History of American Education > (Old F.) > Flashcards

(Old F.) Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What are the three challenges associated with caissons?

A

Blowouts
Fire
Caisson Disease (the bends)

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2
Q

What replaced tobacco as the main crop in the South?

A

Cotton

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3
Q

Who invented the cotton gin?

A

Eli Whitney

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4
Q

Who much cotton could a slave clean in a day before the invention of the cotton gin? After?

A

1 lb

50 lbs

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5
Q

What was the wealthiest city per capita in 1859?

A

Natchez, MS

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6
Q

What invention allowed shippers to pack a bale with 500 pounds of cotton instead of 250 pounds?

A

Screw press

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7
Q

One-third of the white population in the South was _____ while the other two-thirds was _____

A 
Landed aristocrats (plantation owners);
Yeoman class/middle class
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8
Q

T or F: Education in the South fell behind the rest of the country in the early 1800s.

A

True

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9
Q

What were the classes that made up the South?

A

Landed aristocrats
Middle class
Slaves

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10
Q

What stated that the Founding Fathers did what they did to preserve slavery?

A

1619 Project

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11
Q

What were the forces shaping education, resulting in the maintaining of the status quo in the South?

A

Rigid class society,
Slavery,
Rural,
Agricultural setting

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12
Q

What two topics were taboo in the South?

A

Religion

Slavery

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13
Q

What is the one word that sums up education in the North?

A

Change

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14
Q

What were the two revolutions that occurred mainly in the North that greatly affected education?

A

Industrial Revolution

Transportation Revolution

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15
Q

Who was the bankrupt blacksmith who left Vermont for Illinois; invented the steel plow to cut through the tough roots of the prairie grass?

A

John Deere

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16
Q

Who invented the mechanical reaper; can now harvest 9 acres of land?

A

Cyrus McCormick

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17
Q

Each mechanical reaper freed _____ Union men to fight in the Civil War.

A

5

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18
Q

What were the two “events” under Industrial Revolution?

A

Agricultural Revolution

Textile factories

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19
Q

What were the three innovations in transportation that occurred in the early 1800s?

A

Canal
Locomotive
Telegraph

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20
Q

What did upheaval in Europe cause?

A

Immigration to America

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21
Q

What are the 4 themes of Education?

A
  3. Education for Social Adjustment
    4.
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22
Q

What university’s student handbook assumed a religious lifestyle?

A

Clemson

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23
Q

What were some education opportunities for the poor?

A

Churches (Sunday School)

Monitorial schools

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24
Q

Who is remembered as the Englishman who created Sunday School?

A

Robert Raikes

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25
When was the first Sunday School in America started?
1785
26
What are two other names for the Sunday Schools?
Ragged Schools | University of the Common Man
27
What did Sunday School do?
Helped to tame the west
28
Who created the monitorial school?
Andrew Bell
29
What is a monitorial school?
A school in which kids (200+) gathered into a large auditorium; older kids were taught first, who in turn taught the rest of the kids
30
Who was the great purveyor who took the idea of monitorial schools to India?
Joseph Lancaster
31
What places made education available for adults in the early 1800s?
Lyceums
32
Who spearheaded the Lyceum movement in 1826?
Josiah Holbrook
33
According to class notes, what is the root cause of every human problem?
evolution
34
What has been made the pseudo-scientific rationale for all kinds of influence?
evolution
35
Evolution is not merely a biological theory, it is a _____.
worldview
36
Who was the leading evolutionary spokesman when Morris's book was written?
Dr. Stephen Jay Gould
37
What is the idea that species form suddenly rather than gradually?
Punctuated Equilibrium
38
What states that "the present is the key to the past"? (present causes have always acted at the same rate)
Uniformitarianism
39
What is the religious system that has dominated American education?
Humanism
40
Who coined the phrase "survival of the fittest"?
Herbert Spencer
41
Who was the most influential social Darwinist?
William Graham Sumner
42
_____ is described as an "over-ripe" fruit of the evolutionary tree.
Nazism
43
Evolution undermines true theology and _____.
Christianity
44
Who is generally considered to be the father of geological uniformitarianism?
Charles Lyell
45
What is the logical and most inevitable end result of evolutionism?
Atheism
46
Who is probably the most prolific writer in the whole world of science?
Dr. Isaac Asimov
47
Who was the first director-general of UNESCO?
Sir Julian Huxley
48
What principle views the planet Earth as an actual living organism?
Gaia principle
49
What book (besides the Bible) has had a greater influence than any other?
The Origin of Species
50
What man's work forced Darwin to go to press with his theories in order to beat the competition?
Alfred Russel Wallace
51
The most important theologians of the Church during the Middle Ages were Augustine and _____.
Thomas Aquinas
52
Where did the practice of astrology apparently begin?
Sumeria
53
What two beliefs do all known tribes, past and present, share in common?
Higher Power | Immortality
54
What is the chief opponent of the saving gospel of Christ?
Evolutionism
55
What journal was created by the American lyceum movement (for whom William Maclure wrote articles)?
American Journal of Education
56
T or F: Without government interference, education was in a bad place in America.
false
57
According to Pierre du Pont, fewer thatn _____ in _____ could not read or do numbers in the early 1800s.
4 in 1000
58
What percent of American adults were considered literate in the early 1800s?
90
59
What report conducted in 1819 showed how successful education had become without any kind of government system?
Bullfinch Report
60
Where was the Bullfinch report conducted to determine the status of common education in that state?
Massachusetts
61
According to the Bullfinch Report, the percent of school age kids that were in school in Boston was _____.
96%
62
What were the key players (broad) in the coming of government education in America?
Unitarianism, "humanitarian" reformers, Massachusetts, Prussian model of education
63
What is the belief that there is one God but no Trinity? It states that the universe runs according to natural laws and denies the deity of Christ.
Unitarianism
64
What is "the halfway house to atheism"?
Unitarianism
65
Unitarianism believed that man's nature is perfectible through _____.
Education
66
One of the most important intellectual events in American history from an educational standpoint occurred in 1805 when...
...Harvard selected a Unitarian president.
67
Who were the "humanitarian" reformers involved in the coming of government education in America?
Ralph Waldo Emerson Robert Owen Orestes Brownson Frances Wright
68
Who bagan his preaching career as a Unitarian and drifted in Transcendentalism? Argued that truth is found within oneself and that one can trust his own reason.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
69
Who is the Father of Modern Utopian Socialism?
Robert Owen
70
What did Robert Owen call the "twin sins of the West"?
Capitalism | Religion
71
What are the two failed socialist experiments of Robert Owen (places)?
New Lanark, Scotland | New Harmony, Indiana
72
Who worked side-by-side with Robert Owen and lived at New Harmony, but eventually had a falling out with Owen?
Orestes Brownson
73
What did Robert Owen's followers call themselves?
Friends of Education
74
What man wrote articles for the AJE and lived at New Harmony?
William Maclure
75
What are some common themes promoted by Robert Owen's followers?
Compulsory Education Government-sponsored "free" schools Teacher training schools

ED 541 History of American Education (4 decks)

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