Older People Oral Med Flashcards
What is a haemangioma?
A collection of BV
If traumatised they will bleed
Often inside lip, edge of tongue or under tongue (but can be anywhere)
What is a fibroepithelial polyp?
Benign tumour, lump in oral mucosa - mucosa looks the same as surrounding.
Sessile - broad base
Or
Pedunculated - on a stalk
Cured by excision
What is black hairy tongue?
Overgrowth of cells and staining of bacteria on surface of tongue.
Very difficult to remove but can be cleaned or scraped to remove.
What is atrophic glossitis and what causes it?
SMOOTH TONGUE
Most common cause - low iron or low VitB12 levels.
Ask GP to do routine haematinics or bloods.
What is frictional keratosis?
White patch - trauma and keratinisation
Can be caused by dentures, sharp tooth/ filling etc/
What is speckled leukoplakia?
Hyperplastic candidosis
Located inside mouth at angle/ commisure.
Common in smokers
Pre-malignant lesion
What is denture-induced hyperplasia and what is the treatment?
Ill-fitting dentures cause mucosal overgrowths in the mouth due to trauma.
More common on lower dentures
Best treatment - remove dentures entirely
And/or remove mucosal flaps surgically
What is denture stomatitis, what is treatment and what should dentures be soaked in?
Candida infection - in mucosa and plastic of denture.
Very common and generally painless
Remove dentures while sleeping
Miconazole topical
Fluconazole systemic
Dilute sodium hypochlorite or chlorhexidine
What is angular cheilitis. Cause and treatment?
Mixed bacterial/ fungal infections at corner of mouth.
Often caused by poor denture hygiene and reduced OVD (which creates creasing)
Treatment - Steroid, antibiotic or antifungal cream
What type of burns can you get in the mouth?
Aspirin burn - soluble aspirin next to tooth can be used for toothache - burns mucosa
Iron tablet burn - patient may have difficulty swallowing.
What is lichen planus and some signs?
Auto-immune condition that causes discomfort in the mouth leading to difficulty eating and maintaining OH.
Idiopathic
Risk of malignant transformation
Orally
Reticular - asymptomatic or may feel a little rough
Erosive - can be painful
Plaque
Atrophic
What is a Lichenoid tissue reaction?
Epidermal basal cell damage
Can be caused by an adverse inflammatory reaction to drugs or idiopathic
What are bisphosphonates used for?
Used to decrease bone density - for conditions such as osteoporosis.
What are some common diseases bisphosphonates are used to treat?
Non-malignant - osteoporosis, paget’s disease
Malignant - Multiple myeloma, breast and prostate cancer, bony metastatic lesions
What drug is a risk factor for MRONJ?
Bisphosphonates
