OME/Cardio/Cardiomyopathy

Question 1

What physiologically happens in a dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 1

The heart chamber(s) of the heart get stretch to the point were the actin/mysoin overlap is small

Question 2

What type conditions can lead to a dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 2

Any condition that leads to an increase of blood with chamber ischemia, valve, dz, infection, metabolic or idiopathic

Question 3

What can a Cardiomyopathy lead to?

Answer 3

Heart failure (similar signs/symptoms)

Question 4

What is the Tx for dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 4

Same as heart failure due to (NYHA criteria)

Question 5

Dilated cardiomyopathy can be diagnosed using?

Answer 5

X-ray (shows enlarged heart)

Question 6

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is most commonly due to?

Answer 6

An autosomal dominant condition where the heart muscles become enlarged (hypertrophy)

Question 7

hypertrophy vs hyperplasia

Answer 7

increase in size vs increase in numbers

Question 8

What is the main concern with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 8

An enlargement of the septum that blocks aortic

output->sudden death

Question 9

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is common in?

Answer 9

Kids

Question 10

What else should be check with an automomal dominant dz?

Answer 10

first degree relatives of pts with automomal dominant dz

Question 11

Tx for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 11

Tx like heart failure:
1-Beta blockers ( allows for ventricle to fill more and free aortic opening)
2-No exercise to avoid dehydration
Ablation (tissue removal)

Question 12

What is a happens restrictive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 12

A condition where the heart muscles can not relax to let ventricle fill

Question 13

Common causes of restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 13

1-Deposits from:Amyloid/sacroidosis/hemochromotosis

2-cancer/fibrosis (MI)

Question 14

What is a cardiomyopathy?

Answer 14

Abnormality of the heart muscles

Question 15

What types of cardiomyopathy exist?

Answer 15

Dilated (muscle has poor contraction)
Hypertrophic (muscle to big)
Restrictive (muscle can relax)

Question 16

Pt with bronzing of the skin thin?

Answer 16

Hemochromotosis-> cirrhosis/cardiomyopathy/diabetes

Question 17

Hemochromotosis causes?

Answer 17

cirrhosis/cardiomyopathy/diabetes

Question 18

Pts with Amyloidosis deposits usually present with signs of?

Answer 18

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 19

Tests to diagnose restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 19

Ferratin levels/genetic testing

Question 20

Tests to diagnose amyloidosis

Answer 20

fat biopsy

Question 21

Tests to diagnose sarcoidosis

Tests to confirm sarcoidosis

Answer 21

cardiac MRI (helps to determine anatomy and function)
endocardial biopsy ( done last since so invasive)

Question 22

Tx for restrictive cardiomyopathy

Answer 22

Tx like heart failure
gentle diuretics (maintain preload)

Question 23

Tx for Hemochromotosis

Answer 23

phlebotomy