Oncological Emergency 4 Q

Question 1

Which IV solution is more water than electrolytes can causes movement of fluid into cells

Answer 1

Hypotonic

0.45% Saline

Question 2

Which IV solution expands only ECF and does not move into cells

Answer 2

Isotonic

0.9% NS, D5W, LR

Question 3

Which IV solution drains water from cells into the ECF

Answer 3

Hypertonic

D10W, 3% saline

Question 4

nadir is usually around _ to _ days after chemo

Answer 4

7-14

Question 5

1 reason patient has to miss a chemo dose

Answer 5

neutropenia

Question 6

_ will indicate relative risk of infection

Answer 6

ANC
1500-1000 low risk
1000-500 moderate risk
500-0 severe risk

Question 7

May be one of the only signs of infection an immunocompromised patient can exhibit

Answer 7

fever (even 99)

Question 8

Treat any fever as if it is an

Answer 8

infection

Question 9

Platelet transfusion may be done if they fall below

Answer 9

20,000

Question 10

Serious bleeding risk when platelets fall below

Answer 10

50,000

Question 11

Anemia is life threatening if the Hgb is below

Answer 11

<6.5

Question 12

With epoetin watch for

Answer 12

hypertension and clots

Question 13

When do you see symptoms of hypercalemia

Answer 13

> 12

Question 14

Excess calcium acts as a _

Answer 14

sedative which explains the symptoms of hypercalcemia

Question 15

First line treatment of hypercalcemia

Answer 15

hydration with saline

Question 16

Mild or no symptoms of hypercalcemia need _ to _ L of PO fluid

Answer 16

3-4

Question 17

Moderate to severe hypercalcemia needs _ to _ L of fluid

Answer 17

5-8

Question 18

Increase _ to keep calcium in the bone

Answer 18

mobility

Question 19

_ precautions until calcium is below 12

Answer 19

seizure

Question 20

Life threatening metabolic disorder caused by death of cancer cells during cancer tx

Answer 20

Tumor lysis syndrome

Question 21

First sign of TLS is often

Answer 21

hyperkalemia

you will also see hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia

Question 22

Excessive secretion of ADH leads to water retention and hyponatremia

Answer 22

SIADH

Question 23

_ and _ can occur if sodium is <125

Answer 23

seizure, coma

Question 24

Treatment for SIADH is correcting

Answer 24

sodium and water imbalance

Question 25

Obstruction of the blood flow returning to the heart from head, neck, upper thorax, and upper extremities

Answer 25

SVCS

Question 26

Most common sign of SVCS

Answer 26

shortness of breath

Question 27

For SVCS keep HOB

Answer 27

45-90

Question 28

Pain from spinal cord compression is worse when recumbent, bearing weight, coughing, sneezing and relieved by _

Answer 28

sitting

Question 29

_ is a red flag for spinal cord compression

Answer 29

back pain

Question 30

Management of spinal cord compression includes immediate

Answer 30

corticosteroids to reduce swelling

Dexamethasone q6h