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Royal College Studying > Oncology > Flashcards

Oncology Flashcards

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1
Q

% AML vs ALL

A

80% AML, 20% ALL

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2
Q

Predisposition for childhood luekemia

A

T21, T21, T21, NF-1., Li-Fruameni, Bloom syndrome, Noonan syndrome
Bone marrow failure syndromes, - fanconi, dyskeratosis congentia, severe congenital hneutropneia, schwachmann diamond, DBA

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3
Q

How often is WBC normal in leukemia

A

50% fo the timw

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4
Q

Higher risk leuekmia

A

age <1 or >10, initial WBC >50%, CNS/testicular disease, ufnfavorable cytogenetics, poor response to treatment

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5
Q

Unfavorable cytogenetics

A

philidelphia, KMT2AR, hypodiploidy

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6
Q

Favorable leukemia cytogenetics

A

hypodiploidy (trisomy 4, 10), ETV6-RUNX1

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7
Q

Treatment for ALL

A

2.5 years, chemotherapy, rarely radiation therapy unless CNS relapse

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8
Q

AML trestment

A

6mo +/- allogenic HSCT

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9
Q

EFS for ALL

A

90%, slightly less for very high risk

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10
Q

AML EFS

A

20%

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11
Q

1 cancer age 15-19

A

lymphoma

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12
Q

Pathogneumonic cells for Hodgkins lymphoma

A

reed-sternberg cells

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13
Q

risk factors for Nonhogkins lymphoma

A

immunodeficiency, ataxia telangectasia, bloom syndrome, WAS< SCID, 2yo post BMT

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14
Q

Lymphoma staging

A

Stage 1- localized
Stage 2 - above dipahragm
Stage 3- below diaphragm
Stage 4- metastatci

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15
Q

worse prognostic factors for lymphoma

A

higher stage, B symptoms, bulky disease, extranodal extension

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16
Q

Parinaud syndrome

A

Convergence retraction nystagmus
Light near dissociation
upgaze paralysis
eyelid retraction
skew deviation

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17
Q

Where is the tumor with parinaud syndrome

A

pineal

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18
Q

collier sign

A

lid reetraction

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19
Q

diencephalic suyndrome

A

happy FTT kids, look for brain tumor

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20
Q

Most common tumor in cerebral hemispheres

A

astrocytoma, meningioma, PNET

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21
Q

most common tumpr in sella/chiams

A

craniohparyngioma, germ cell tumor, optic glioma

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22
Q

most common cerebellar tumor

A

medulloblastoma, e[endymoma, astrocytoma

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23
Q

modst common infant brain tumors

A

medulloblastoma, glioma, ependymom, DIPG, ATRT

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24
Q

Age for medulloblastoma

A

5-7

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25
Age for choroid plexus tumors
75% under 2
26
Age for ATRT
66% under 3yo
27
Age for germ cell tumor (midline)
second decade
28
Predisposition for astrocytoma
NG-1 (optic gliomas), TS
29
Predisposition medulloblastoma
turcot syndrome,gorlin syndrome, li-fraumeni, fanconi
30
average risk medulloblastoma
>3, negative CSF, normal spine MRI, <1.5cm tumor residual undofferentiated
31
Hwere does medulloblastoma met
spine, outside CNS
32
Where does wilms met
lung, liver
33
predisposition wilms tumor
familial WT1 gene mutation, beckwith wiedmann, WAGR, li-fraumeni, denys-drash, perlman
34
most common solid extracranial tumor in children
neuroblastoma
35
opsoclonus myoclonus ataxis is suggestive of
neuroblastoma
36
how do you treat opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia
IVIG, steroids, ritux
37
How to investigate neuroblastoma
urine catecholamines, CT/MRI of primary site, MIBG, biopsy, BMA
38
neuroblastoma mets
bone, bone marrow, lymph nodes, slin, liver
39
stage 4S neuroblastoma
<12mo with stage 1-2 dissemination limited to skin/liver/bone marrow
40
good prognsosis for neuroblastoma
<12-18mo, stage 4S, higher DNA content in biology
41
Osteoid osteoma x-ray findings
well defined lucency with surroudnibgg sclerotic bone
42
chondroma x-ray
stalk projection
43
What bone tumor gives you B symptoms
Ewing's
44
Extra test needed for ewings
bone marrow aspirate
45
Where do yu get tumors in ewings
chest wall, pelvis, fibula/tibia (axial, below the knee)
46
where osteosarcoma
distal femur, proximal tibia, humerus
47
what part of bone ewings
diaphysis, metadiaphsysi
48
what part of bone is osteosarcoma
metaphysis
49
soft tissue component more ewings or osteo
ewings
50
mtes for ewing
lung, bone, bone marrow
51
osteo mets
lung, bone
52
x-ray ewings
onion skinning
53
osteochondroma x-rays
sunburst pattern
54
Asparaginase side effects
anaphylaxis, coaguloapthy, pancreatitis
55
cisplatin SE
fanconi syndrome, nephrotoxic, tinnitus, SNHL
56
cyclophosphamide SE
hemorrhagic cystitis, infertility, 2nd malignancy
57
cytarabine SE
fevers, rash, conjunctivitis
58
doxorubicin SE
red secretions, acute arrhythmia, heart failure
59
etoposide SE
allergic reaction, 2nd malignancy
60
methotrexate SE
mucositis, transaminitis, neurotoxicity, leukoecephaloapthy, LD
61
vincristine SE
constipation foot drop, jaw pain, peripheral neurpathy, SIADH
62
Bloemycin SE
pulnonary fibrosis
63
alkylating agents
cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, melphalan, busulfan, etoposide
64
Predisposition CNS tumors
NF1, NF2, TSC, VHL, Forlin, Turcot syndrome
65
RF hepatoblastoma
BW, FAP
66
Risk factors hepatocellular carcinoma
alagille syndrome, hereditary tyrosinemia, NF1, AT, FA
67
neuroblastoma predisposition
PHOX2B, BWS
68
sarcomas predisposition
LFS, NF1, BWS, RB
69
Transient myelporliferative disorder gene
GATA1
70
High risk malignancies for Tumor lysis
burkitt lymhoma, other NHL, AML
71
Mgmt tumor lysis
iv fluids, allopurinol. rasburicase

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