Oncology

Question 1

RF for developing N+V on chemo

Answer 1

anxiety // <50 // opioids // type of chemo

Question 2

1st line anti-emetics low risk N+V patient

Answer 2

metoclopramide

Question 3

1st line anti-emetics high risk N+V patient

Answer 3

5HT3 eg ondasetron (+ dexamethasone)

Question 4

what type of meds are cyclophophamides and how do they work

Answer 4

alkylating agent - cross link DNA

Question 5

SE cyclophophamides

Answer 5

haemorrhagic cystitis // myelosuppression // transitional carcinoma

Question 6

what drug prevents haemorrhagic cystitis from cyclophophamides

Answer 6

Mesna

Question 7

SE bleomycin

Answer 7

lung fibrosis

Question 8

SE methotrexate

Answer 8

myelosuppression // mucositis // liver + lung fibrosis

Question 9

se 5FU

Answer 9

myelosuppression, mucositis, dermatitis

Question 10

SE cisplatin

Answer 10

ototoxic // peripheral neuropathy // low mg

Question 11

what initial invx should all suspected cancer patients recieve

Answer 11

FBC // CXR // CT chest, abdo, pelvis // AFP + hCG

Question 12

what tumour marker should men be screened for invx met of unknown origin

Answer 12

PSA

Question 13

what tumour marker should women be screened for invx met of unknown origin + peritoneal malignancy or ascitic symptoms

Answer 13

Ca125

Question 14

when is PET used

Answer 14

evaulate primary and metastitic disease - to see if legions are metabolically active

Question 15

what cancer is Ca125 assoc with

Answer 15

ovarian + (liver)

Question 16

what cancer is Ca199 assoc with

Answer 16

pancreatic + (liver) (+ cholangiocarcinoma)

Question 17

what cancer is Ca153 assoc with

Answer 17

breast

Question 18

what cancer is PSA assoc with

Answer 18

prostate

Question 19

what cancer is AFP assoc with

Answer 19

hepatocellular + teratoma (+ testicular germ cell)

Question 20

what cancer is CEA assoc with

Answer 20

colorectal

Question 21

what cancer is aflatoxin ( from aspergillus) assoc with

Answer 21

liver

Question 22

what cancer is aniline dyes assoc with

Answer 22

bladder (transitional)

Question 23

what cancer is asbestos assoc with

Answer 23

mesothelioma + bronchial carcinoma

Question 24

what cancer is nitrosamines assoc with

Answer 24

oesophageal + gastric

Question 25

inheritance and mutation Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Answer 25

autosomal dominant, p53 suppressor

Question 26

cancer in li-fraumeni

Answer 26

sarcoma + leukemia

Question 27

diagnosis li-fraumeni

Answer 27

develop sarcoma under 45 // 1st degree FH cancer under 45 + another family malignacny under 45 or sarcoma at any age

Question 28

BRCA 1 + 2 cancer assoc

Answer 28

breast (60%) // ovarian (25%) // prostate

Question 29

lynch inheritance

Answer 29

dominant

Question 30

cancer with lynch

Answer 30

coloni or endometrial

Question 31

Amsterdam criteria for colorectal cancer

Answer 31

3 family members with colorectal (1 1st degree) // 2 generations // 1 diagnosis <50

Question 32

gardners inheritence

Answer 32

dominant

Question 33

cancers gardeners

Answer 33

colonic polyps

Question 34

most common mets --> bone

Answer 34

prostate --> breast -- Lung

Question 35

most common place for bone --> mets

Answer 35

spine --> pelvis --> rib --> skull

Question 36

symptoms bone cancer

Answer 36

pain // fractures // hypercalcaemia // raised ALP

Question 37

subtypes of HPV --> cancer

Answer 37

16,18 (33)

Question 38

subtype of HPV --> warts

Answer 38

6+11

Question 39

HPV cell appearance

Answer 39

koilocytes --> enlarged nucleus, irregular membrane, dark nucleus

Question 40

what hormone is released in SSC lung cancer and what metabolic symptom

Answer 40

PTHrP --> hypercalcaemia

Question 41

what cancer is hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthroplasty assoc with

Answer 41

SCC lung

Question 42

neoplastic spinal cord compression symptoms

Answer 42

back pain!!! worse lying down // LL weakness // sensory changes

Question 43

invx neoplastic spinal compression

Answer 43

MRI within 24 hours presentation

Question 44

mx neoplastic spinal cord

Answer 44

high dose oral dexa

Question 45

symptoms SVC obstruction

Answer 45

SOB // swelling // headache // visual disturbance // pulseless JVP

Question 46

causes SVC obstruction

Answer 46

small cell lung cancer // lympoma