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Oncology Flashcards

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1
Q

Which chemo drug that acts as an alkylating agent has side effects including haemorrhagic cystitis and myelosuppression?

A

Cyclophosphamide

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2
Q

The most common causes of lytic bone lesions are metastases and which type of cancer?

A

Myeloma

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3
Q

Name the 2 cancers that are the most likely cause of SVC obstruction.

A
  1. Non small cell lung cancer

2. Lymphoma

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4
Q

Alpha feto protein (AFP) is a tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma and which type of testicular cancer?

A

Teratoma

Non seminomatous germ cell cancer

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5
Q

Neutropenic sepsis involves a temperature of >38 and a neutrophil count of

A

<0.5

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6
Q

____________ 16mg/24hr PO should be given to patients with spinal cord compression or SVC syndrome.

A

Dexamethasone

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7
Q

What effect does Dexamethasone and other steriods have on blood glucose levels?

A

Raises blood glucose

Hyperglycaemia

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8
Q

Name 3 or more cancer types that commonly cause spinal cord compression.

A
  1. Prostate
  2. Breast
  3. Lung
  4. Melanoma
  5. Myeloma
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9
Q

Name 2 or more cancers that commonly cause brain metastases.

A

1, Lung

  1. Breast
  2. Colorectal
  3. Melanoma
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10
Q

Dexamethasone can be used for brain metastases and which other 2 oncological emergencies?

A
  1. SVC syndrome

2. Spinal cord compression

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11
Q

Which imaging technique should be ordered urgently in patients presenting with signs of spinal cord compression?

A

MRI

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12
Q

Name 2 or more paraneoplastic syndromes.

A
  1. Hypercalcaemia
  2. Lambert Eaton syndrome
  3. SIADH
  4. Cushing Syndrome
  5. Dermatomyositis/ polymyositis
  6. Neuropathy
  7. Acanthosis nigricans
  8. Pemphigus
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13
Q

Which malignancy is most commonly associated with Lambert Eaton syndrome?

A

Small cell lung cancer

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14
Q

In tumour lysis syndrome, what happens to serum phosphate, potassium and urate levels?

A

They increase
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperphosphataemia
Hyperuricaemia

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15
Q

In tumour lysis syndrome, what happens to serum calcium levels?

A

They decrease

Hypocalcaemia

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16
Q

Acanthosis nigricans is velvety hyperpigmented skin associated with which malignancy?

A

GI cancer

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17
Q

Between what ages are patients offered a home testing kit as part of the bowel cancer screening programme?

A

60-74 years

Every 2 years

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18
Q

CA 15.3 is a tumour marker used in monitoring which cancer?

A

Breast cancer

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19
Q

hCG is a tumour marker used in diagnosis and monitoring which cancer?

A

Germ cell (testicular)

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20
Q

Calcitonin is a tumour marker for which type of thyroid cancer?

Study These Flashcards
A

Medullary thyroid cancer

21
Q

Which Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia is associated with tumours of the pituitary, pancreas and parathyroids?

MEN1
MEN2A
MEN2B

22
Q

Which Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia is associated with Marfinoid body habitus, medullary thyroid tumours, phaeochromocytomas and mucosal neuromas?

MEN1
MEN2A
MEN2B

23
Q

Which of the following chemotherapy agents causes cardiomyopathy as a side effect?

Doxorubicin
Docataxel
Cyclyphosphamide
Bleomycin

Study These Flashcards
A

Doxorubicin

(Docatxel causes neuotropenia, Cyclophosphamide causes haemorrhagic cystitis and myelosuppression, Bleomycin causes lung fibrosis)

24
Q

What is the most common and early feature of metastatic spinal cord compression?

25
Which of the following HPV subtypes is a risk factor for cervical cancer? HPV 6 HPV 16 HPV 22
HPV 16 HPV 18 and 33 are also risk factors for cervical cancer.
26
Which of the following signs is positive when bilateral arm elevation causes facial plethora in a patient? Babinski sign Pemberton's sign Froment's sign Murphy's sign
Pemberton's sign = bilateral arm elevation causes facial plethora (SVS syndrome) Babinski sign= extensor plantar response in UMN lesion Froment's sign= Ulnar nerve palsy Murphy's sign = cholecystitis
27
Which anti-emetic is best for nausea and vomiting due to raised intracranial pressure? Cyclizine Haloperidol Levomepromazine
Cyclizine- is antihistaminic and antimuscarinic
28
Which anti-emetic is best for nausea and vomiting due to gastric stasis? Cyclizine Ondansetron Metoclopramide
Metoclopramide
29
Which anti-emetic can cause extra-pyramidal side effects due to crossing the blood brain barrier? Cyclizine Ondansetron Metoclopramide
Metoclopramide
30
Which anti-emetic can cause tachycardia, dry mouth, constipation and sedation as side effects? Cyclizine Ondansetron Metoclopramide
Cyclizine
31
Which antio-emetic is broad spectrum (works on multiple receptors) and is frequently used in palliative care? Cyclizine Haloperidol Levomepromazine
Levomepromazine
32
Which anti-emetic is often used post surgery or post chemo? Cyclizine Ondansetron Haloperidol
Ondansetron
33
Which drug used in the treatment of breast cancer can cause side effects including osteoporosis and arthralgia? Tamoxifen Aromatase inhibitors (Anastrazole) Docataxel Herceptin
Aromatase inhibitors (Anastrazole)
34
Which drug used in the treatment of breast cancer can cause side effects including VTEs and Endometrial cancer? Tamoxifen Aromatase inhibitors (Anastrazole) Docataxel Herceptin
Tamoxifen
35
Which chemotherapy drug is hepatotoxic and can cause tumour lysis syndrome and pneumonitis as side effects? Tamoxifen Cyclophosphamide Methotrexate Docataxel
Methotrexate
36
Which drug can cause peripheral neuropathy, ototoxicity and hypomagnesia as side effects? Cyclophosphamide Methotrexate Docataxel Cisplatin
Cisplatin
37
Which of the following chemotherapy drugs causes hair loss and cholinergic syndrome as side effects? Methotrexate Docataxel Irinotecan Cisplatin
Irinotecan
38
Give 2 acute side effects of radiotherapy for breast cancer.
1. Fatigue 2. Cough 3. Loss of hair in treatment area 4. Skin erythema/ desquamation 5. Breast swelling 6. Breast pain
39
Give 2 long term side effects of radiotherapy for breast cancer.
1. Skin darkening 2. Telangiectasia 3. Cardiotoxicity 4. Osteoporosis and rib weakness 5. Brachial plexopathy 6. Increased cancer risk 7. Pneumonitis/ pulmonary fibrosis 8. Change in breast shape and texture
40
Name 1 example of an Antimetabolite chemo drug.
1. 5-Flurouracil 2. Methotrexate 3. Capecitabine 4. Mercaptopurine
41
Name 1 example of an Alkylating agent chemo drug.
1. Cyclophosphamide
42
Name 1 example of a Platinum compound chemo drug.
1. Cisplatin | 2. Oxaliplatin
43
Name 1 example of an Antitumour antibiotic chemo drug.
1. Epirubicin 2. Doxorubicin 3. Bleomycin 4. Mitomycin
44
Name 1 example of a Taxane chemo drug.
1. Docataxel | 2. Paclitaxel
45
Name 1 example of a Vinka Alkyloid chemo drug.
1. Vincristine | 2. Vinblastine
46
Which familial cancer syndrome presents an increased risk of early onset breast cancer, sarcoma, leukaemia, brain tumours and adrenal cortical tumours? Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome MEN 1 MEN2A Li Fraumeni Syndrome
Li Fraumeni Syndrome
47
Which familial cancer syndrome presents an increased risk of phaeochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma and haemangiomas of the eye and brain? Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome MEN 1 MEN2A Li Fraumeni Syndrome
Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome
48
The revised Amsterdam Criteria are used in the diagnosis of which genetic cancer syndrome?
Lynch syndrome (HNPCC)

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