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Anatomy & Physiology > ONLINE chapter 1-2 > Flashcards

ONLINE chapter 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

arms extended to side and palms supinated

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1
Q

What does responsiveness mean?

A

The ability of an organism to sense, monitor, and respond to change in external and internal environment

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2
Q

Superior?

A

top, towards

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2
Q

Inferior?

A

lower, below

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3
Q

Anterior?

A

fronte

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3
Q

Posterior?

A

back

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4
Q

Medial?

A

toards midline, middle

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4
Q

Lateral?

A

towards side

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5
Q

Proximal?

A

nearest

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5
Q

Distal?

A

farther away

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6
Q

Superficial?

A

nearer to surface

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6
Q

Deep?

A

Farther from surface

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7
Q

What is the saggital plane?

A

splitting in left and right sections

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7
Q

What is the frontal plane/coronal plane?

A

splitting to anterior and posterior sections (front and back)

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8
Q

What is the transverse plane/horizontal plane?

A

splitting into top and bottom

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8
Q

What is apart of the homeostatic control system?

A

all organs and systems

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9
Q

What is the feedback control loop?

A

complex and integrated communication control system or network

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9
Q

What is the 4 components of the control mechanism?

A

sensory mechanism, integrating or control center, effector mechanism, and feedback

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10
Q

What does afferent mean?

A

signal goes towards center

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10
Q

What does efferent mean?

A

signal goes away from center (towards organs and glands)

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11
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

opposes to change by creating a response that is opposite in direction to the initial disturbances (ex. temp drop + production of heat)

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11
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

amplifies or reinforces the change that is occuring (doesnt help maintain homeostasis)

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12
Q

What is metabolism?

A

all chemical reactions that occur in the body

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12
Q

What is catablism?

A

chemical reactions that break down molecules into smaller ones but also release energy

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13
What is anabolism?
chemical reaction that builds larger molecules from smaller subunits; requires energy
13
What are organic compounds?
contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen
14
What are inorganic compounds?
have carbon atoms in them but dont have carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds
14
What substances are inorganic?
water and carbon dioxide, electrolytes
15
What substances are organic?
carbohydrates (sugars), lipids, protein, and nucleic acid
15
Na and Cl are what?
electrolytes
16
Another word for alkaline are?
Base
16
Normal Ph of urine is
acid
17
____ cannot be broken down:
atom
17
Ph of blood is?
7.35-7.45
18
___ can be ionized?
electrolytes
18
Electrons that can be gained or lossed are called?
ions
19
A Ph of 7.6 is?
base
19
Prevents changes in Ph?
Buffers
20
negative charged ions?
anions
20
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are?
atoms
21
Chloride anion is an anion?
anion
21
Blood Ph of 7.2 is called?
acidosis
22
Normal Ph of blood is?
basic
22
Sodium ion is a?
cation
23
Removes H+ from solution?
Base
24
Electrolytes that dissociate into H+ and an anion?
acid
25
An antacid is?
base
26
Ph of gastric juice is?
acid
27
0-14 range that meassures H ions is?
Ph
28
Positive charged ions are?
cation
29
___ can carry an electric charge?
ion
30
Lateral?
towards side
31
Proximal?
nearest
32
Distal?
farther away
33
Superficial?
nearer to surface
34
Deep?
Farther from surface
35
What is the saggital plane?
splitting in left and right sections
36
What is the frontal plane/coronal plane?
splitting to anterior and posterior sections (front and back)
37
What is the transverse plane/horizontal plane?
splitting into top and bottom
38
What is apart of the homeostatic control system?
all organs and systems
39
What is the feedback control loop?
complex and integrated communication control system or network
40
What is the 4 components of the control mechanism?
sensory mechanism, integrating or control center, effector mechanism, and feedback
41
What does afferent mean?
signal goes towards center
42
What does efferent mean?
signal goes away from center (towards organs and glands)
43
What is negative feedback?
opposes to change by creating a response that is opposite in direction to the initial disturbances (ex. temp drop + production of heat)
44
What is positive feedback?
amplifies or reinforces the change that is occuring (doesnt help maintain homeostasis)
45
What is metabolism?
all chemical reactions that occur in the body
46
What is catablism?
chemical reactions that break down molecules into smaller ones but also release energy
47
What is anabolism?
chemical reaction that builds larger molecules from smaller subunits; requires energy
48
What are organic compounds?
contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen
49
What are inorganic compounds?
have carbon atoms in them but dont have carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds
50
What substances are inorganic?
water and carbon dioxide, electrolytes
51
What substances are organic?
carbohydrates (sugars), lipids, protein, and nucleic acid
52
Na and Cl are what?
electrolytes
53
Another word for alkaline are?
Base
54
Normal Ph of urine is
acid
55
____ cannot be broken down:
atom
56
Ph of blood is?
7.35-7.45
57
___ can be ionized?
electrolytes
58
Electrons that can be gained or lossed are called?
ions
59
A Ph of 7.6 is?
base
60
Prevents changes in Ph?
Buffers
61
negative charged ions?
anions
62
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are?
atoms
63
Chloride anion is an anion?
anion
64
Blood Ph of 7.2 is called?
acidosis
65
Normal Ph of blood is?
basic
66
Sodium ion is a?
cation
67
Removes H+ from solution?
Base
68
Electrolytes that dissociate into H+ and an anion?
acid
69
An antacid is?
base
70
Ph of gastric juice is?
acid
71
0-14 range that meassures H ions is?
Ph
72
Positive charged ions are?
cation
73
___ can carry an electric charge?
ion

Anatomy & Physiology (4 decks)

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