Online Exam Q&A Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the immediate response to injury
Blood vessels disrupted, immediate but very transient vasoconstriction of local arterioles to slow blood flow and prevent excess blood loss
What happens during the inflammatory response
Decreased blood flow, decreased O2 supply to tissues, cell necrosis, release of powerful enzymes from lyosomes such as histamine and serotonin, increased vasodilation in local capillary bed.
What are the 5 cardinal signs
Heat, redness, pain, swelling, loss of function
Characteristics of neutrophils
Works at low O2 levels, appear after 90 mins, lifespan of 10 hours, attracted to area by chemotaxis
Characteristics of macrophages
About 5 hours post injury, arrive in vast numbers, lifespan of 40 hours, act on larger debris
What does phagocytosis help to do
To clear damaged tissue area of debris like dead cells
What’s the proper name for capillary budding and what does it do
Angiogenesis
Brings O2 and nutrients to area
Characteristics of granular tissue
Looks granular
Capillaries easily broken
Has highly permeable walls which allow fluids,plasma proteins and cells to leak out
Allows O2 to diffuse out into local tissue
What do fibroblasts and fibroclasts do?
Fibroblasts create new tissue
Fibroclasts break it down
What are main things to happen in the remodelling stage?
Timeframe
Fibroblasts activity
Collagen fibres
May last 12/12
Fibroblasts activity decreases
Collagen fibres mature and thicken
What are the rough timings for
Inflammatory phase
Repair phase
Remodelling phase
0-72 hrs
24hrs-10 days
Few days to 12/12
Signs of ringworm
Small ring like red scaly itchy patch of skin
Signs of athletes foot
Warm humid dark conditions
Foot burns and is itchy dry
Signs of jock itch
Dumb and tight clothing
More common in males
Signs of swimmers itch
Rash is itchy and raises lumps within 12 hrs
Signs for eczema and dermatitis
Caused by irritant or allergen
Red itchy scaly skin
Avoid emollient
What does SCALD stand for in relation to burns
S-ize C-ause A-ge L-ocation D-epth
What is hypertension
Signs and symptoms
High blood pressure
Above 140 diastolic over 90 systolic
Shortness of breath, headache
Swelling of ankles
Sweating
5 complications of high blood pressure A S H K V
Atherosclerosis Stroke Heart failure Kidney disease Vision problems
Sudden cardiac death-
Relates to which other heart condition
Relates to arythmia
Left. Entry cal doesn’t have time to fill- reduces the amount of blood being delivered to organs
Types of Angina and what is it
Stable- partial block of the artery
Unstable- blood clot that blocks or partially blocks the artery supplying the heart
Shock s&s
Pale and cool skin Nausea Increase in HR Increase in breathing rate Drop in Bp- late stage
What are the 3 main types of shock and their characteristics
Hyo
Ana
Neur
Hyovolemic- from revere blood and fluid loss
Anaphylactic- allergic reaction
Neurogenic- loss of automatic nervous system or fear
Definitions for breathing Bradpnea Cyanosis Hyperventilate Hypoventolate Hypoxia Hypoxaemia Tachypnoea
Bradpnea- less than 12 breaths per min
Cyanosis- discolouration of skin due to lack of oxygen to blood
Hyperventilate-deep and rapid ventilation
Hypoventolate- shallow and slow breathing
Hypoxia- inadequate O2 levels in cells
Hypoxaemia- low O2 levels in blood
Tachypnoea- more than 20 breaths per min
