OnlineMedEd: Dermatology - "Hypersensitivity" Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in OnlineMedEd: Dermatology - "Hypersensitivity" Deck (12)
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1
Q

Hives are often described as _____________.

A

annular, erythematous papules that blanch

2
Q

With hives, you need to assess _______________.

A

for hypotension and airway compromise (signs of anaphylaxis)

3
Q

How do you treat hives?

A
  • In the presence of anaphylaxis: IM epinephrine

* Without anaphylaxis: topical steroids

4
Q

Drug reaction rashes typically occur when?

A

7-14 days after taking a medicine

5
Q

How do drug reaction rashes present?

A
  • Widespread (whole body)
  • Symmetric
  • Morbilliform (meaning measles-like)
6
Q

Treat drug reaction rashes with ______________.

A

systemic antihistamines and topical steroids

7
Q

What is a fixed drug reaction?

A

A rash that appears in the same place every time a drug is given

Note: it is not a contraindication to giving that drug again.

8
Q

Erythema multiforme is treated with ____________.

A

topical steroids

However, need to rule out syphilis.

9
Q

Compare and contrast SJS and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

A

SJS:

  • Dusky and just to basal layer
  • ≤ 10% of body surface area

TEN:

  • Full thickness (i.e., through basal layer)
  • ≥30% body surface area
10
Q

How do you treat SJS and TEN?

A

1) Stop all medications (even steroids)
2) Transfer to burn unit (replete with fluids)
3) Close opthalmologic and airway monitoring

11
Q

Which drugs are most commonly associated with SJS and TEN?

A
  • Bactrim
  • Penicillin
  • Carbamazepine
  • Phenytoin
12
Q

Staphylococcus scalded-skin syndrome generally starts in _______________.

A

skin folds

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