Operating Limits

Question 1

Autopilot Limitations (5)

Answer 1

1. During autopilot operations, a pilot must be seated at the controls with seatbelt fastened.
2. The autopilot shall not be used with flaps past the APPROACH position.
3. The minimum altitude for engaging the autopilot is as follows:
   a. Takeoff – 400 feet AGL.
   b. Cruise – 1000 feet AGL.
   c. Approach – 200 feet AGL.
4. The minimum altitude for yaw damper engagement is 200 feet AGL.
5. Autopilot disengagement check shall be conducted and found satisfactory prior to each flight on which the
   autopilot is to be used.

Question 2

Starter Limitations

Answer 2

The starters in this aircraft are limited to an operating period of 40 seconds on, then 60 seconds off, for two cycles. On the third cycle, after 40 seconds on, the starter shall have a cooling period of 30 minutes off.

Question 3

Generator Limitations

Answer 3

Maximum sustained generator load is limited as follows:
1. Sea level to FL 310 — 100 percent.
2. Above FL 310 — 88 percent.
3. Ground operation — 85 percent.

Question 4

GENERATOR LOAD (PERCENT) MINIMUM GAS GENERATOR RPM N1 (PERCENT)

Answer 4

70 to 75 - 56% N1
75 to 80 - 60% N1
80 to 85 - 65% N1

Question 5

Propeller Limitations

Answer 5

Propeller limitations consist of rpm limits. The normal propeller operating range (green arc) extends from 1,600 to 2,000 rpm, with a red line at 2,000 rpm.

WARNING - Propeller operation between 1,750 to 1,850 rpm during ILS approach may result in glideslope signal interference.

Question 6

Landing Gear Limitations

Answer 6

Landing gear shall not be cycled to exceed 10 complete cycles (extensions and retractions) equally spaced within a 1-hour period and shall not complete a full cycle within a 1-minute period.

CAUTION - Cycling the landing gear in excess of the above limits can cause the landing gear remote circuit breaker to activate and cause failure of the hydraulic power pack motor.

Question 7

Fuel Management (6)

Answer 7

1. Takeoff is prohibited if either fuel quantity gauge indicates in the yellow arc or less than 265 pounds of fuel.
2. Operation with the fuel pressure light illuminated is limited to 10 hours between engine driven fuel pump overhaul or replacement periods.
3. Operation on aviation gasoline is limited to 150 hours during any one engine overhaul period.
4. Auxiliary tanks shall not be filled unless the main tanks are full.
5. Maximum fuel imbalance between fuel systems is 1,000 pounds.
6. Crossfeed — Refer to Part V, Emergency Procedures, for crossfeed limitations.

Question 8

Fuel Capacity

Answer 8

The total fuel system capacity is 549 U.S. gallons, of which 544 U.S. gallons are usable. A 3 percent maximum error may be encountered in the fuel gauging system.

Question 9

Brake Deice Limitations (3)

Answer 9

1. Do not operate longer than 10 minutes (one timer cycle) with the landing gear retracted.
2. A minimum of 85 percent N1 should be maintained during simultaneous use of surface and brake deice
   systems. If adequate pneumatic pressure cannot be provided for simultaneous use of both systems, use of the brake deice may be limited.
3. Do not use system during single-engine operation or if pneumatic pressure is being supplied by a single bleed air source.

WARNING - If an engine failure should occur during brake deice system operation, the rudder boost system may not operate. Increased rudder pedal forces should be anticipated until the brake deice system is turned off.

Question 10

Surface Deice Boot Temperature Limitation

Answer 10

Operation of the surface deice boots in temperatures below -40 °C (-40 °F) could result in permanent damage to the
boots.

Question 11

Brake Deice Limitations

Answer 11

The brake deice system should not be operated at ambient temperatures above +15 °C (59 °F).

Question 12

Ice Vane (Inertial Separator System) Limitations

Answer 12

The ice vanes shall be extended for operations in ambient temperatures of +5 °C (41 °F) or below when flight free of visible moisture cannot be assured. The ice vanes shall be retracted for operations in ambient temperatures of +15 °C (59 °F) or above.

NOTE - The actual Outside Air Temperature (OAT) may be up to 8 °C less than
indicated (IOAT).

Question 13

Maximum Ramp and Taxi Weight

Answer 13

Normal Category — 12,595 lb
Restricted Category — 13,595 lb

Question 14

Maximum Takeoff Weight

Answer 14

Normal Category Takeoff — 12,500 lb
Restricted Category Takeoff — 13,500 lb

Question 15

Maximum Landing Weight

Answer 15

12,500 lb

Question 16

Max zero fuel weight

Answer 16

11,000 lb

Question 17

Airstair Door Limitations

Answer 17

300 lbs

Question 18

Maximum operating speed, VMO

Answer 18

259 KIAS.

NOTE - VMO decreases approximately 5 knots for each 1,000 feet of altitude above 15,000 feet.

Question 19

Minimum safe single-engine speed, VSSE

Answer 19

104 KIAS

Question 20

Maximum speed with flaps APPROACH

Answer 20

200 KIAS

Question 21

Maximum speed with flaps DOWN

Answer 21

157 KIAS

Question 22

Maximum gear retraction speed (VLO)

Answer 22

163 KIAS

Question 23

Maximum gear extension/extended speed (VLE)

Answer 23

181 KIAS

Question 24

Maximum design maneuvering speed flaps UP

Answer 24

181 KIAS

Question 25

Maximum design maneuvering speed flaps DOWN

Answer 25

111 KIAS

Question 26

Maximum Tire Speed

Answer 26

139 KGS

Question 27

Turbulent Air Penetration Speed

Answer 27

170 KIAS

Question 28

Maximum operating altitude

Answer 28

35,000 FT

Question 29

Maximum operating altitude with aviation gasoline

Answer 29

Both standy boost pumps operative - 31,000 FT Only one standby boost pump operative - 20,000 FT

Question 30

Maximum operating altitude with an unpressurized cabin

Answer 30

25,000 FT

Question 31

Maximum operating altitude with an inoperative yaw damp

Answer 31

17,000 FT

Question 32

Operation with cracked cabin window (inner or outer)

Answer 32

Unpressurized flight only

Question 33

Maximum cabin pressure differential

Answer 33

6.6 PSID

Question 34

Operation with cracked windshield, inner layer

Answer 34

4.0 PSID

Question 35

Operation with cracked windshield, outer layer

Answer 35

6.6 PSID

Question 36

Acceleration Limitations

Answer 36

3.17g positive, 1.27 negative in the clean configuration. 2.0g positive, 0.0 negative with flaps down.

Question 37

Prohibited Maneuvers (6)

Answer 37

1. Abrupt control movement. 2. Unusual g loading. 3. Bank angle greater than 60° (normal category). 4. Bank angle greater than 35° (restricted category). 5. Pitch attitude more than 30° above or below the horizon. 6. Intentional spins.

Question 38

Takeoff/Landing Limitations

Answer 38

1. Only flared landings shall be performed. 2. Maximum sink rate at touchdown — 300 fpm. 3. Maximum cross wind component — 25 knots. a. Icy runway — 10 knots. b. Soft field — 5 knots. 4. Maximum tailwind component — 10 knots. CAUTION - Damage to the landing gear may result from the following: 1. Landing on arresting gear cables. 2. Braking during cable rollover. 3. Wheel contact with cable risers or boots. 4. Cable rollover above normal taxi speeds.

Question 39

Propeller Reversing

Answer 39

Do not move POWER levers aft of the flight idle position in flight. WARNING - Moving the POWER levers below the FLIGHT IDLE position in flight may result in abrupt nose-down pitch and a descent rate leading to aircraft damage and injury to personnel.

Question 40

Engine Operating Limitations Torque (ft-lbs)

Answer 40

Starting - Low Idle - High Idle - Takeoff and Max Cont - 2230 Normal Cruise - 2230 Reverse - Transient - 2230 to 2750 (5 sec) Torque limit applies within range of 1,600 to 2,000 propeller rpm (N2). Below 1,600 rpm, torque is limited to 1,100 ft-lb.

Question 41

Engine Operating Limitations ITT

Answer 41

Starting - 1000 C (5 sec) Low Idle - 750 C High Idle - Takeoff and Max Cont - 800 C (770 recommended) Normal Cruise - 770 C Reverse - 750 C Transient - 800 to 850 C (5 sec) High engine temperature at ground idle may be corrected by reducing accessory load and/or increasing N1 rpm.

Question 42

Engine Operating Limitations N1

Answer 42

Starting - Low Idle - 56 (min) High Idle - ~70 Takeoff and Max Cont - 101.5 Normal Cruise - 101.5 Reverse - 88 Transient - 101.6 to 102.6 (10 sec)

Question 43

Engine Operating Limitations N2

Answer 43

Starting - Low Idle - High Idle - Takeoff and Max Cont - 2000 Normal Cruise - 2000 Reverse - 1900 Transient - 2000 to 2200 (5 sec)(torque limited to 1800 ft-lbs > 2000 RPM)

Question 44

Engine Operating Limitations OIL PRESS

Answer 44

Starting - Low Idle - 60 (min) High Idle - Takeoff and Max Cont - 100 to 135 Normal Cruise - 100 to 135 Reverse - 100 to 135 Transient - When gas generator speeds are above 72 percent N1 normal oil pressures are: a. 100 to 135 psi below 21,000 feet. b. 85 to 135 psi at 21,000 feet and above. c. During Engine starts in extremely low ambient air temperatures, oil pressure may reach 200 psi. d. Oil pressure 60 to 85 psi (at and above 21,000 feet) and 60 to 100 psi (below 21,000 feet) is undesirable. Refer to Paragraph 15.4 Oil/Fuel System Emergencies for operation with undesirable or unsafe oil pressure. e. Allowable Oil Pressure Fluctuations are ±10 psi.

Question 45

Engine Operating Limitations OIL TEMP

Answer 45

Starting - -40 (min) Low Idle - -40 to 99 High Idle - -40 to 99 Takeoff and Max Cont - 0 to 99 Normal Cruise - 0 to 99 Reverse - 0 to 99 Transient - 100 to 104 (5 min) An engine oil temperature of 74 to 80 °C is recommended. A minimum oil temperature of 55 °C is recommended for fuel heater operation at takeoff power.