Operating Systems and File Management Flashcards by Deleted Deleted

Microsoft Office file extensions

.docx (Word), .xlsx (Excel), .pptx (PowerPoint)

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Text file extensions

.txt, .rtf

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Webpage file extensions

.htm or .html, .xml, .asp or .aspx, .css

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Graphics file extensions

.jpg, .png, .tif

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A library

is a special folder that catalogs specific files and folders in a central location, regardless of where the items are actually stored on your device.

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A collective term for all the ways you interact with the device

Graphical user interface (GUI)

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Operating systems also provide …………., which enable you to perform maintenance-type tasks related to managing the computer or device.

Utilities

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What tool do you use to manage files, compress and back up files, search for content or programs, view images, install and uninstall programs and apps, and maintain the computer or device?

Utilities

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Screen savers are a type of

Utilities

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Software that is distributed online for a monthly subscription or an annual fee. Instead of releasing a new complete version, the company will provide updates to its subscribers (fixes for issues or additional functionality).

Software as a Service (SaaS)

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Which operating system would allow a user to add functionality and sell or give away their versions?

Linux (it has a General Public License GPL)

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Operating systems are available for: desktop computers, laptops, and some tablets.

Windows and Linux

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Keep all or some of the code hidden, enabling developers to control and profit from the program they create.

Closed source OS (e.q Microsoft Windows and macOS)

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Programs and apps (including operating systems) have no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification and redistribution.

Open source OS (e.q Linux)

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Software that runs a computer, including the operating system and utilities

System software

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A program that manages the complete operation of your computer or mobile device and lets you interact with it.

An operating system (OS)

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A multiuser operating system because it controls a single, centralized server computer that supports many users on networked computers.

A server operating system

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The practice of sharing computing resources, such as servers or storage devices, among computers and devices on a network.

Virtualization

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It includes advanced security tools and a set of programs called Internet Information Services that manage web apps and services. What is this server OS?

Windows server

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Supports all sizes of networks and servers. What is this server OS?

macOS server

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Developed by Google based on Linux, and designed to be run on many types of smartphones and tablets

Android

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Runs only on Apple devices.

iOS

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Which operating system is multitasking with many versions and is licensed to different developers?

UNIX and many web servers use it (available for most computers and devices)

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You interact with an OS when…

start programs, manage files, get help, customize the user interface, and work with hardware.

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What is the OS responsible for?

It is the go-between you and the computer—it accepts instructions and data, and provides information from the system to you.

What is the basic storage unit in Memory?

Byte

Where data store frequently used instructions

Cashe (temporary storage area)

The capability of an operating system to temporarily store data on a storage medium until it can be “swapped” into RAM

Virtual memory (swap file)

The amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time

A page

The technique of swapping items between memory and storage

Paging

When an operating system spends more of its time paging instead of executing apps, the whole system slows down and it is said to be

Thrashing

Many peripheral devices, such as printers, contain: ROM or RAM

ROM

Before you can interact with the operating system, the computer or device goes through the

boot process

What steps does the boot process includes:

1. Receives power and sends it to the circuitry. 2. Run the bootstrap program. 3. Loads the operating system files into RAM, including the kernel. 4. Loads the system configuration information, prompts you for user verification if necessary, and loads all startup programs, such as antivirus programs or apps.

Executes a series of tests to check the components, including the RAM, keyboard, and storage, and identifies connected devices and checks their settings.

Bootstrap program

The core of an operating system. It manages memory, runs programs, and assigns resources.

kernel

What starts automatically when you turn on your device?

Operating system OS and the Boot process

Examples of input devices:

Card readers and data collection devices, game controllers and motion input devices, (headset with) microphones, webcams, Scanners, and touch pads or a mouse

Examples of output devices:

Screen displays, printers, and speakers

An area of memory that stores data and information waiting to be sent to an input or output device.

buffer

Placing data into a buffer is called

spooling

When a document is sent to the buffer while it waits for the printer to be available, this example is for?

spooling

Creating links to files and apps is called

Shortcuts (allows you to access the object from the desktop without going through a file manager)

Pointing devices include:

A mouse, trackball, touchpad, pointing stick, on-screen touch pointer, tablet, or for touch-enabled devices, your hand or finger.

Reduces a window to its last non-maximized size

Restore Down button

The window you are currently using, which appears in front of any other open windows

Active window

Displays a running program

A program window

Displays the contents of a folder (drive or device)

Folder window

The components required to perform work, such as the processor, RAM, storage space, and connected devices.

(OS) resources

Finds and removes unnecessary files, such as temporary Internet files or files in the Recycle Bin.

Disk cleanup utility

Gives you an overview of stored files and lets you open, rename, delete, move, and copy files and folders

File management

Finds files that meet criteria you specify, such as characters in a file name, or the saved date

Search tool

Reduces the size of a file to take up less storage space; compressed files often have a .zip file extension and need to be decompressed or unzipped before they can be opened

File compression

Collection of utility programs that determine how Windows appears and performs on your computer

Control Panel

contains touch-friendly categories of the most commonly used Windows settings; more advanced settings are found in the Control Panel.

Setting app

A list of frequently used commands that relate to an object; the commands on it are related to the item you right-clicked.

Shortcut menu

Enables a computer or device to run another operating system in addition to the one installed.

Virtual machine

What should you use if you have an app that is incompatible with your current operating system?

A virtual machine

The virtual machine runs separately in a section of the hard disk called

A partition (you can only access one partition of a hard disk at a time)

What do you need to run a virtual machine?

1) A designed program or app to manage virtual machines. 2) Access to installation files for the OS you want to run on the virtual machine..

Identify the resources, such as apps and storage locations, a user can access when working with the computer.

User account

Protect your computer against unauthorized access

User account

Includes information such as the user name or ID, and a password

User account

Provides full access to the computer

An administrator account

What responsibilities does an administrator account have?

Installing programs and apps, adjusting security settings, and managing network access.

Before you share or transfer files or folders you often need to?

Compress (or zip) files and folders

Before you can open and edit a compressed file, you need to?

Extract or uncompress it

A storage area located on a server that you access through the Internet or a network

cloud

File properties include:

File name, location, size, type, when it was created, modified, and last accessed

A temporary Windows storage area that holds the selections you copy or cut so you can use them later.

Clipboard