Operative Flashcards
(174 cards)
1
Q
Fluoride Mechanism
A
Stimulate remine
Dec critical PH ( dec enamel solubility)
Interfere w/ metabolic activity of cariogenic bacteria
2
Q
Pit and fissure caries
A
Many dentinal tubule => rapid destruction
Lesion progression => parallel enamel rod
3
Q
The least resistance to caries
A
Dej
Les mineralized => many tubules
4
Q
Smooth surface caries
A
Les progressions => fewer dentin tub
5
Q
Root surface caries
A
Senile caries
Progress rapidly (no enamel
Asymptomatic
Along sharpey fibers
Associated w POH , dec saliva
Shallow
6
Q
Affected dentin
A
Demineralized w/o bac
7
Q
Enamel caries
A
Strep. Mutans
8
Q
Dentinal bac
A
Lactobacillus
9
Q
Root caries/ smooth surfacebac
A
Actinomycet
10
Q
Lactoferrin (saliva component)
A
Inactivates Iron ( necessary for bac
11
Q
Lactoperoxidise
A
Inactive bac enzyme
12
Q
Dent. Plaque bac found the earliest
A
Strep. Sanguis
13
Q
Brown grey discoloration
A
Undermined enamel
Lat. spreading
14
Q
Criteria for restoration
A
High risk
Cavitation
Lesion extends dej
15
Q
High risk ppl
A
2+ active caries
Many restoration
Resto in past 3 yrs
Appliances
Unusual tooth morpho
Deep pits and fiss
16
Q
Erosion
A
Cupped out occl
Smooth ball shaped
Restp standing above accl
17
Q
Abfraction
A
V shaped notch at cervical
18
Q
Explorers
A
Sheperds hook N 23
Back action n. 17
Pigtai N 2
19
Q
Chisel family
A
CHAD:
Chisel
Hoes
Angle former
Discoid cleoid
20
Q
Htchet family
A
HEG:
Hatchet
Excavator
Gingival margin trimmer
21
Q
Gingival margin trimmer
A
Plannin and bevel gingival cavosurface
Axiopulpal
Mesial & distal gmt
Dista angle> mesial
Cutting angle not prependicular to blade
22
Q
Best way to remove affected dentin
A
Round bur slow speed
23
Q
Spoon excavator
A
Very soft infected dentin
24
Q
245 bur
A
Carbide
3 mm * 0.8
Round corner
Inverted cone / pear shaped
25
330
Diamond
1.5 * 0.8
Pear shaped
Pedo
26
169 L
Carbide
Tapered fissure
2ndry retention feature
27
Carbide
End cutting
Less heat
28
Diamond
More heat
Side cutting
29
2ndy retentive feature
Pin
Slot
Retentive groove
Bevel enamel margin
30
31
Bur for amalgam preparation
Why?
Carbide
Creat Smooth wall
32
Bur for compo preparation
Diamod
Creat rougher wall
33
Compo and amalgam preparation cavosurface
90•
34
Gold onlay prep
Collar : beveld shoulder around capped cusps for bracing
Skirt: feather edge marging around capped cusps
Provide 2ndy retention and resistance form
35
High cupper amlg
_> 12% cu
No Gama 2
decr corrosion , creep
36
Zinc in amalgam
Excessive expansion
37
Spherical amlg
Stronger
Easier condensation
Fast set
Dec Hg
Incre CU
38
Admixed amlg
More condensation force
Better prox contact
39
Mercury forms
Methymercury : organic, most toxic. Fish
Elemental: liquid metal. Dent amlg
Mercury salt: inorganic
40
Enamel bonding why hard
Composition: organic
Structure: collagen ( spaggeti) not parallel like enamel rod
Depth: dentin tube , large & many
Smear layer: dec dentin permeability ( HA, collagen block tubul
41
Contact dermatitis for?
Primer . Hema
42
Primer
Hema ( hydroxy ethyl metaacrylate)
Contact dermatitis
Amphipatic molecul
Infiltrate enamel prism, and dent. Tubul( dont open tubule)
Prevent collagen collapse
Monomer + solvent
43
Primer bond
Chemical
Micro mechanical
44
Bond/adhesive
Bis gma
Unfilled resin
45
Adhesive bond
To what
chemical ( MMA)
Primer n compo
46
Which bur less smear layer
Carbide
47
Which bur used for self etch systm? Why
Carbide
Less smear layer
48
Self etch system
Dont completely remove smear layer
Less bond
49
Compo composition
Resin matrix ( bisgma/ tegdma/ uedma)
Filler ( sillica
Coupling agent (silane
50
BPA leach
In resin matrix
Through wear of compo
And uncured resin
51
Self cure compo initiator and activator
Benzoyl peroxide
Tertiary amine
52
Two paste system
Self cure comp
Limited wor.time
53
Single paste sys
Light cure
54
Light cure initiator
Camphorquinone
Need blue light 470 nm to initiate polymerization
55
Dual cure sys
Have self and light cure components
56
Conpomer
Compo modified w/ polyacid
In low stress area
Dec wear resistant
Realease fluoride
57
GI compo?
Acid : poly acrylic acid
Base: fluoramino silicate glass
58
RMGI
Acid-base reasction + free radical polymerization
Light only or dual cure
More rapid polymerization
F realease
59
Compomer
Anhydrous (water free) single paste
Composite+ Gi ingredients w\o water
Needs etch and bond
Attractive in Ortho—— slower polymerization
F release
Keep area dry to prevent premature setting
60
C
61
Low viscosity compo usage
Low filler <50%
Poli shrinkage high
Cervical, ped resto, non stress bearing area
Wear high
62
In what Don’t meed to remove unsupported enamrl for composite restoration ?
Cl 3
Primary tooth
Resto end on cementum
63
Which tooth don’t need gingival floor bev
Primary
64
Amlg phase
Gama : ag-sn
Strongest
Leadt probe to crosion
Gama1: ag-hg
2nd strongest
Form the most volume
Gama2 :
Sn-hg
Weakest
High corrosion
65
Particle size affects which property of amlg
Strength
66
More trituration time
Les hg
Les set exp
More strength
67
Stronger amalg what size
Smaller size
68
Mirofill compo
40% fillr
0.04 micro metre p.size
Highest esthetic
High polish
Translucency
Sup bond to enamel
For class 3, 5
Low strength
69
Microhybrid compo
80% fill
0.5 micro metr p.size
High polish
High strength
Improve wear resisitant
70
GI
Chelating mechanism ( ca of tooth to polyacrilic acid)
Mechanical bond to compo
Chemical bond to tooth & metal
Good biocompatible
Low solubility after set
71
Which material thermal insulation is equal to dentin?
GI
72
Which material thermal expansion is equal to tooth ?
GI
73
COTE
GI
74
Bac involed in initiation of caris
S.mutans ( primary cause of enamel demi
75
Bac involed in progression of caris
Lacto bacilus
Primary cuz of dnetin demi
76
Base /cement/ liner thickness
Base 1-3 mm( thickest)
Cement ( 15-25 micron metr
Liner 5 micron ( thinnest
77
Base
RMGI
Substitute for list dentin
Distribute local stress
Thermal insulation
Used w. Or w/o liner
78
Liner
Caoh
Elletrical insulation
Barrier to chemical irritant
Acid resistance
Tertiary dentin formation
Direct pulp cap
Not thermal protection
Not used in bulk
Not used alone bc low strength
79
80
Cl 1 convers to class 2. When?
MR <1.6
81
Which nerve fiber is in pulpo dentinal junction?
A delta
Dentinal pain
Large mayeliated afferent
Sharp & transient
1st pain
First pain
Associate w/ “cold”
82
Which nerve fiber is in pulp stroma?
C fiber
Small unmyelinated afferent
Dull throbbing
Second pain
Associated w heat
83
Low chronic low grade inflamation.
Ro around apex
Condensing osteitis
84
Ept
Dont use on resto (false +
85
Crack tooth propagation
M-D
86
Cracked tooth frequency
Mand 7> 6> max pre molar
87
Crack tooth symptoms
On bite percussion
Sharp
Pain on release
88
Crack tooth diagno
Tooth slooth
Trans illumination
Dye
Not apear in radiog( M-D
89
Crack tooth tX
Vital: splint / crown monitor
Nonvital rct
90
Endo Reamer manufactur process
Twisted triangle/square
Use for reaming ( cutting in half turn and pull
Fewer spiral /flute than k-file
SS files
91
H file manufacture process
Spiral cone
Cuts on retraction
Prone to breakage
Tear drop cross section
SS
92
Endo k-file manufactur process
Twisted triangle/square/diamond
Watch winding method
Cutting in push and pull motion
Ss
93
Vrf
From apocal to occl
94
1st endo bac infection
Bacteroids
Gram-
Obligate anaerobe
95
Failed endo infliction? Retreatment
Enterococcus faecalis
Gram +
Facultative anaerob
96
EDTA
Chelating agent ( GI
Remove smear layer
In RCprep
As lubricant
97
File fracture
Ss file< niti
98
Strip perforation frequency
Mand molar-> distal side of mesial root( danger zone
99
Wht factors result in poo prognosis of perforation
Furcation, cervial per
Delayed repair
Extrusion of mate
100
Complicated fracture
Timing is impo
Immature teeth:
<24 hr dpc
_>24 cvek
_>72 pulpo
Mature teeth
No sign of irreversible pulpiti dpc/cvek
Otherwise RCT
101
Horizontal root fractures radiographs
3pa in diff angl
1oclussal
102
Horizontal root fracture
Cronal frac: rigid splint 6-12 wk
Mid root fra: flex splint 3 wk
Apical : flex splint 2 wk max
103
Concussion
No mob
No disp
Intact pdl but sensitive
104
Intrusion
Open apex : let tooth erupt ( just monitor
Close: reposition, flex slint 1-2wk, rct
105
Risk of necrosis for traumatic tooth in closed apex
Avulsed> intrusion> lat extrusion > extrusion> sub luxatuon
106
Alveolar fracturesin which tupe of tooth fractures
Lat luxatio
Intrusion
107
Avulsed tooth
Open apex < 60 min
Replant splint 1-2wk, monitor
Open apex >60 min
May or may not reimplant, splint, apexification , plan for future implant
Closed apex< 60
1-2 wk , rct
Close> 60
Splint. Rct
108
Long term response to trauma
Ext, root resorption
Int r r
Cacific metamorphosis
109
What is ext root resorption due to
Damage to cementoblast
Initiates in periodontiom
110
Types of ex root resorption
Replacement resorption: bone replaces pdl> ankilos
Cervical resorption:
In cej
Sub epithelial sulcular infection
Bc of trauma/ int bleaching
Presents as ragged moth eaten appearance
Pink spot on tooth
Inflamatory resorption:
Bac by product from necrotic pulp travel troughs dent tubules then effect periodontiom
Poorly defined , ragged, move in diff angles
111
Calcific metamorphosis
Oontoblast rapidly form reparative 3 dentin
Open apex, intrusion, sever crown fracture
Yellow-orange tooth
Canal obliteration
112
Internal resorption due to
Damage to odonto blast
Well define
Sharp
Don’t move with radiograph angle
113
Opacifier in mta
Bismuth oxide
Stain tooth, leak
Not recommended in ant. Teert
114
DIRECT pulp cap indication
Trauma< 24 hrs
Carios and mechanical exposure< 2mm
Hemorrhage is controlled
115
Cvek pulpo indication
Trauma>24 hrs
Carios and mechanical exposure> 2mm
116
Formocresol
Cresol> formaldehyde
Bac cidal
Fixative
Not indicated bc toxic
117
Pulpotomy consequences fo mature permanent tooth
Int root resorption
Calcified canal
118
Indication for int bleaching
Descolored tooth of int source
Acceptible rct
119
Common decalcifying agents
Edta
Phosphoryc acid
120
Naocl effect on what
Organic layer
121
Edta effect
Inorganic layer
122
Condensing osteitis
Around asymptomatic vital tooth
No treatment required
123
Facebow types
Arbitrary: maxillary cast to skull
Use average anatomic landmarks ( ext auditory meatus)
Aproximate hing axis
Kinematic: placed on the hing axis
Actual hing axis can be located
Much more complex
124
When to use guide table on articulator
For ant guidance ( incisal and canine guidance
125
Mand Labial frenum muscle attachment?
Orbicularis oris
126
Mand and mandibl bucal frenum muscle attachment?
Orbicularis oris+ buccinator
127
Mand lingual frenum muscle attachment?
Genioglosus
128
Retromolar pad responsibility
Support and retention
129
Retromolar pad muscle attachment
Temporalis
Pterygomandibular raphe
Sup constrictor
Buccinator
130
Post region of mandible dunture can be extended. Why?
Vertical attachment of mylohyoid muscle
131
Post limitation of mandibular flang
Palato glosus
Superior pharyngeal constrictor
132
Which part of mouth provid the main support for mandibular denture?
Buccal shelf
133
Paget’s disease
Unknown etiology
Unfit denture, bone resorption and remodeling
134
Excessive VDO characterization?
Inters occl space<2 mm
Excessive mand tooth show
Mastication muscle fatigue
Clicking post teeth
Gagging
Strained lips
Excessive trauma to supporting tissue
Pt discomfort
Pt unable to wear
135
Fricative sound
F v ph
Position of “ insisal edge of max teeth
136
Sibilant sound
S sh z ch j
Vertical length and overlap of ant teeth
137
Closest speaking space
Distnc btwn incisald edg of mand molar and palatal surface of max incisors when pronouncing “S”
1-1.5 mm
138
What does ridge provide
Support
Retention
Stability
139
140
How support is provided in denture
Resistance to vertical seating forces against soft and hard ti
Max: palate (main sup), ridg
Mandible: buccl shelf( main supp), Retromolar pad
Denture: base
141
How stability is provided in denture
Resistance to horizontal dislodging forc
Max n mndbl : ridge hight and vestibule
Denture: flange
142
How retention is provided in denture
Max and mndbl: peripheral seal
143
Heat cured acrylic resin processing
Liquid: 1. MMA( monomer)
2. Hydroquinone : inhibitor
3. Glycol dimethyl acrilate: cross link cured resin to incre rigidity
3. Dimethyl p toluidine: activator, tertiary amine
Powder: PMMA
INITIATOR: benzoyil peroxide
Pigments: iron salt, cadmium, dye
144
Activator for pmma
Auto polymerization: tertiary amin(dimethyl p toluidine
Heat polymerization: heat
145
Excessive shrinkage in denture
Shrinkage always occur but Excessive monomer
Ideal ration1:3
146
Shrinkage in denture
During auto polymerization: 0.2%
Heat: 3-7%
147
Prosity in denture, why?
Heated too rapidly
Underpacking of resing during processing
148
Major connector responsible in rpd
Main function. Provide rigidity
Suppor
149
Rest responsibility in rpd
Support
150
Minor connector responsibility in rpd
Stability
151
Cingulum or lingula rest in rpd
Max canine
2-3 mm M_D
2 mm bucling
1.5 mm deep
Contraindications: lower incisor
152
Incisal rest
As indirect retainer
2.5 mm m-d
1.5 deep
1.5-2 mm away from prox incisal angle
Not esthetic
Less favorable leverage than congulum rest
153
Indirect retainir responsibility in rpd
Retention
Directly perpendicular and ant to the fulcrum
154
Direct retainer responsibility in rpd
Retention
Prevents moving away from soft and hard ti
155
156
Resiprocal clasp responsibility in rpd
Stability
Prevent torque of abutment tooth by the retentive clasp
157
Foundation/ core resto
Filling damaged tooth before crown preparation
158
Alginate
Diatomaceous earth: strength
Trisodium paste: control setting rate
159
Gaugung water
Don’t chemically react w gypsum
160
Dental alloys
Base metal: <25 % noble
Noble : _>25 noble
High noble: _>60 noble, _>40 gold
161
Failure of pfm crowns?
Adhesive failure:
Porcelain-metal: oxidative layer not formed
Metal-oxide: contaminated metal
Porcelain-oxide: contaminated porcelain
Cohesive failure:
Por-por: void
Oxide- oxide: thick oxide layer
Metal-metal: not happen
162
Crown delivery sequence importance
Esthetic (shade) > internal fit> prox contact > margin
163
Which cement need cool slab
Zinc phosphate
Bc exothermic reac
Pulpal irritation
164
Zinc poly carboxylate cement
Weak chelation bond to ca in tooth ( weak chemical bond)
Minimal pulpal irritation
165
RMGI cement consideration
Not to be used with ACC except zirconia due to water absorption
166
Porcelain porosity issue
Inadequate condensation of por
167
Acrylic porosity issues
Too fast heating
168
Shrinkage spot prosity of metal
Sprue is too thin
169
Back pressure prosity of metal
Too thick / short sprue ( gas still in the area prohibiting molted metal to flow in
170
Excessive contact on metal resto in adjusted w?
Rubber wheel
171
Excessive contact on porcelain resto in adjusted w?
Cylindrical stone
172
Arcon and non arcon semi articulator
Occlisal pln fixed relative to max cast
Non arcon: occl plan fixed relative to mand cast
173
Oxidative layrr in pfm. What is the bond?
Chemical
Btwn silicon oxide in porc and indium, tin, galum in metal alloy
174
Avoid casting roughness for crown?
Properly position sprue
Avoid overhearing investment
