Ophthalmology Flashcards
Fundoscopic Findings (21 cards)
What is this?
Diabetic Maculopathy
- hard exudates in macular area
- flame haemorrhages and microaneurysms
What is this?
Pre-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
-cotton wool spots
- dot and blot haemorrhages
What is this?
Advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy
- hard exudates
-haemorrhages
-neovascularisation
What is this?
Pan retinal laser photocoagulation
- multiple laser scars with areas of hyperpigmentation
- will have reduced peripheral vision and a degree of night blindness
What is this?
glaucoma
- large cup disc ratio >0.5 = optic disc cupping
- nasal displacement
What is this?
papilloedema
- disc margins obscured and swollen and hyperaemic
-tortuous retinal vessels
What is this?
optic atrophy with macular scarring
glaucoma
- optic disc pallor
- macular scarring
What is this?
dry ARMD
- drusen in macular area
- focal areas of atrophy of retinal pigment in central macular area
What is this?
Hypertensive retinopathy grade 2
-arteriolar narrowing
-av nipping
What is this?
CRVO
- papilloedema
- tortuous and dilated branches of CRV
- retinal haemorrhages
- cotton wool spots
What is this?
CRAO
- central cherry red spot with pale retina
- attenuation of arteries and veins
What is this?
Drusen
What is this?
Retinitis Pigmentosa
- multiple bony spicule retinal pigmentation scattered around retina periphery
What is this?
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion
- micro aneurysms
- hard exudates
- retinal haemorrhages
What is this?
Retinal Detachment
- area of bullous retina showing area of elevation with fluid
- may see tear also
What is this?
Multiple Retinal Haemorrhages
- venous dilation also
What is this?
Benign disc naevus
- flat pigmented lesion in inferior aspect of optic disc
What is this?
Malignant melanoma
- elevated dome shaped grey mass
What is this?
choroidal Naevus
- green/grey flat asymptomatic lesion with detectable but not sharp borders
- surface drusen
- areas of atrophy within lesion
What is this?
Macular scar - toxoplasmosis
- pigmented clumps in macular area with scarring and atrophy
- pale optic disc
What is this?
CMV retinitis
- dense white areas along vessels with vasculitis
