Ophthalmology

Question 1

OD means

Answer 1

Right eye

Question 2

OS means

Answer 2

Left eye

Question 3

OU means

Answer 3

both eyes

Question 4

A well lit- environment

Answer 4

Photopic

Question 5

a dark environment

Answer 5

Scotopic

Question 6

Disruption of the corneal epithelium and exposures of the corneal stroma

Answer 6

Corneal Ulceration

Question 7

application of fluorescein dye to the ocular surface which appears at the nares. This is a test of nasolacrimal patency

Answer 7

Positive Jones Test

Question 8

Application of fluorescein dye to the ocular surface and subsquent appearance of aquous humor leaking through dense flurocine stain. Test confirms corneal perforation.

Answer 8

Positive Seidel Test.

Question 9

defined as a breakdown of the blood ocular barrier

Answer 9

Uveitis

Question 10

Vision loss that occurs from optic nerve damage as a result of high intraocular pressure

Answer 10

Glaucoma

Question 11

all extra ocular structures that support and are associated with the eyeball.

Answer 11

Adnexa

Question 12

abnormally small, shrunken eye. Typically result of chronic/severe ocular inflammation

Answer 12

Phthisis bulbi

Question 13

inflammation of the eyelid

Answer 13

Blepharitis

Question 14

Abnormal enlargement of the eyeball due to glaucoma.

Answer 14

Buphthalmos

Question 15

Mirror like reflection of lightfrom the surface of the eye. this reflection becomes disturbed when the surface is irregular.

Answer 15

Specular reflection

Question 16

new blood vessel growth into the cornea. (Classic sign of keratitis)

Answer 16

Corneal neovascularization.

Question 17

Protein suspended in the anterior chamber that becomes evident when a narrow, bright and focused light source is directed at the eye.(pathognomonic sign of uveitis, graded on a scale of 0-4+)

Answer 17

Aqueous flare

Question 18

Blood in the anterior chamber(supportive of uveitis or bleeding disorder)

Answer 18

Hyphema

Question 19

alternating color of the iris of one or between eyes.(normal finding)

Answer 19

Heterochromia iridis

Question 20

small constricted pupil

Answer 20

Miosis

Question 21

Large dilated pupil

Answer 21

Mydriasis

Question 22

360 degree posterior synechia such that the iris bulges forward and contours to a doughnut-like shape.(common sequela of uveitis and is a risk factor for glaucoma)

Answer 22

Iris bombe

Question 23

Adhesion between iris and lens

Answer 23

posterior synechia

Question 24

calcium and phosphate crystals. Sign of vitreal degeneration

Answer 24

astroid hyalosis

Question 25

separation of the inner, 9-layer 'neruosesory retina' from outermost layer of the retina, the pigmented epithelium

Answer 25

Retinal detachment

Question 26

caused either by pulling or tearing forces, pulling is usually caused by scar tissue contraction. usually caused by trauma.

Answer 26

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachement

Question 27

caused by disruption of the blood retinal barrier and hematogenous leakage/infiltration of potential space between neurosensory retina and the retinal pigmentedepithelium.

Answer 27

Non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Question 28

Palpebral reflex

Answer 28

``` CN V (afferent) CN VII (efferent ```

Question 29

Menace response

Answer 29

``` CN II (Afferent) CN VII (Efferent) Cortical(learned behavior) ```

Question 30

Pupillary Light Reflex(PLR)

Answer 30

``` CN II afferent CN III(oculomotor) Efferent ```

Question 31

Dazzle Reflex

Answer 31

CN II afferent | CN VII efferent

Question 32

Oculocephalic reflex (tracking the head back an forth)

Answer 32

Intact CN II, peripheral central vestibular components, CN III, IV, and VI.

Question 33

Corneal reflex

Answer 33

``` CN V (opthalmic branch)afferent CN VII efferent ```

Question 34

Minimum data base for eye procedures

Answer 34

Schirmer tear test I, Fluorecein stain, tonometry.

Question 35

What drug do you use for dilation of the eye for a fundic exam?

Answer 35

Tropicamide