opiates

Question 1

Plant that opium comes from

Answer 1

poppy

Question 2

Which semisynthetic opiates are made from altering morphine

Answer 2

heroin, hydromorphine

Question 3

which semisynthetic opiates are made from altering codeine

Answer 3

oxycode and hydrocodone(vicodin)

Question 4

which opiates are completely synthesized in lab

Answer 4

fentanyl, methadone

Question 5

Opiates are ______ analgesics

Answer 5

Narcotic

Question 6

______ is the most abundant ingredient in opium poppy

Answer 6

morphine

Question 7

Greek god of dreams

Answer 7

morpheus

Question 8

______ accounts for 10% of the weight of opium

Answer 8

morphine

Question 9

Codeine is _______% weight of opium

Answer 9

5

Question 10

Morphine is not very lipid soluble, it’s bioavailability is

Answer 10

15-40%

Question 11

Codeine is less affected by stomach acid, making it’s bioavailabilty_______

Answer 11

90%

Question 12

Oxycode avoids _______, and has abuse potential when it is ________, but new forms are produced to prevent abuse

Answer 12

first pass, melted and injected

Question 13

Opiods that are highly lipid soluble become ____

Answer 13

protein bound

Question 14

codeine and morphine show low levels of protein binding t/f

Answer 14

t

Question 15

_____ crosses blood brain barrier 700% faster , and may interact with an un identified transport protein

Answer 15

Oxycodone

Question 16

______ is morphine with two acetyl groups. The acetyl groups make it more ____ , allowing it to cross the BBB easier

Answer 16

Heroin, lipid soluble

Question 17

Opiates mimick which NT’s

Answer 17

endorphins

Question 18

Three types of endorphins

Answer 18

Enkephalins
Beta Endorphins
Dynorphins

Question 19

What is a mu receptor

Answer 19

Opiod receptor that most opiods interact with involved in pain relief, euphoria, reward

Question 20

Receptor involved in learning associations between drug and environment

Answer 20

Delta receptor

Question 21

Anti reward opiod receptor

Answer 21

Kappa receptor

Question 22

How do opiates act on the reward circuit

Answer 22

Activation of M receptors on GABA neurons inhibits release of GABA. GABA then does not inhibit dopamine, leaving excess DA in the reward circuit

Question 23

Morphine is a ______ at M and D receptors

Answer 23

full agonist

Question 24

Codeine is a full agonist at ____ receptors but is _____x lower than morphine

Answer 24

M , 200

Question 25

Opiate effects on pain relief

Answer 25

Opiates attach to receptors along pain pathway and block signals Noci ceptors send signals from skin to CNS about pain, opiods dampen these by reducing their excitability

Question 26

Opiate effects generally diminish without ____

Answer 26

increasing dose

Question 27

Tolerance to opiates does not develop for ____

Answer 27

GI symptoms

Question 28

Tolerance mechanisms for opiates are

Answer 28

Functional (regulation of receptors) and metabolic

Question 29

how is opium harvested

Answer 29

incising seed of poppy allowing white milky substances to ooze out