Opioids

Question 1

What are 3 major opioid receptor types

Answer 1

mu
delta
kappa

Question 2

Name 3 examples of Opoioid Analgesic

Answer 2

Morphine
Pethidine
Codeine

Question 3

Common adverse effects

Answer 3

Nausea and vomiting
Drowsiness
Constipation
Urinary retention
Postural hypotension
Bradycardia

Miosis (Constriction of pupils - a feature of opioid overdose)

Question 4

Morphine should be used with caution in ____

Answer 4

Asthmatics

Morphine can trigger histamine release from mast cells which may cause urticaria, bronchoconstriction and hypotension due to vasodilation.

Question 5

What is used to counteract opioid overdose

Answer 5

Naloxone (short-acting, usually given IV)

Question 6

Name a moderate opioid agonist

Answer 6

Codeine (weak mu and delta agonist)

Question 7

Name a opioid antagonist

Answer 7

Naloxone

Question 8

Name a strong opioid agonist

Answer 8

Morphine or Pethidine

Both are strong mu agonists, Pethidine has a shorter duration of action hence used in labour

Question 9

___ is usually given for patient that are addicted to opioid to minimise withdrawal effect

Answer 9

Methadone

Question 10

____ is used as a anaesthetic adjuvant

Answer 10

Fentanyl

Question 11

____ is also used as a cough surpressant

Answer 11

Codeine