Ops Flashcards
(252 cards)
1
Q
CAT operations involve
A
Transport for remuneration or valuable consideration
2
Q
What ICAO annex is ops
A
Annex 6 part 1
3
Q
Regulation (EU) no. 965/2012 concerns ops and what 5 annexes
A
Basic Regulation
Annex 1 - Part DEF. Definitions
Annex 2 - Part ARO. Authority requirements
Annex 3 - Part ORO. Operation approvals
Annex 4 - Part CAT. Commercial air transport
Annex 5 - Part SPA. Specific approvals
4
Q
Doc 7030 is?
A
Regional supplementary procedures
5
Q
Regulation (EU) no. 1178/2011 concerns
A
Technical requirements and admin relating to air crew
6
Q
Flight safety document contains a minimum of
A
Ops manual
Maintenance control
7
Q
A complex company has
A
More than 20 full time employees
8
Q
AOC revalidation inspection every
A
24 months
9
Q
Ops manual comprises of which parts
A
Part A - General/Basic
Part B - Operating matters - type related instructions and procedures
Part C - CAT operations - route/aerodrome instructions and info
Part D - Training instructions
10
Q
Crew members have access to all parts of OPS manual and have personal copies of
A
Part A and Part B
11
Q
Compliance monitoring consists of
A
Quality system and safety monitoring
12
Q
Flight data monitoring should exist in Ac
A
Above 20,000 kg MCTOM
13
Q
Flight data monitoring must exist in Ac
A
Above 27,000 kg MCTOM
14
Q
An incident
A
An occurrence other than an accident that can affect flight safety
15
Q
An accident
A
A person is fatally or seriously injured or an Ac is seriously damaged or missing while the Ac had the intent of flight.
16
Q
ASR must be submitted within
A
72 hours of the incident
17
Q
Documents to be carried on the flight are
A
Certificate or registration C of A Noise certificate Radio licence AOC Insurance certificate Licences of flight crew
RAN RAIL
18
Q
Manuals to be carried
A
Part A and B of Ops manual
AFM
19
Q
Information and forms to be carried
A
Special pax/loads Charts/maps ATS flight plan Mass and Balance Tech log OFP (operational flight plan) Weather info NOTAMS
SCAM TOWN
20
Q
Information to be left on the ground
A
NOTAMS OFP Tech log AIS brief Mass and Balance Special loads
21
Q
Operator must produce all required docs within… when asked by the authority
A
A reasonable amount of time, usually 10 days
22
Q
Flight data recording are retained for
A
60 days
23
Q
Flight duty time record kept for kept for
A
2 years
24
Q
Tech log kept for
A
3 years
25
Everything else kept for
3 months
Flight docs
Dangerous goods docs
26
During a dry lease the Ac is operated
Under the AOC of the lessee
27
During a wet lease the Ac is operated
Under the AOC of the lessor
28
What is a community and non community operator
Within the EU a community operator can dry or wet lease for any other EU community operator.
Non community operators must be approved by the authority and the lessee must prove that the Ac cannot be leased for anywhere else in the Eu.
29
A company with an AOC must be lead by an
Accountable manager
30
Other departments which require specific managers are
Flight operations
Maintenance
Ground operations
Crew training
These must be managed by at least 2 managers
31
During a conversation course
You may not operate other types
Class B is exempt
32
After completing a zero time training course, line training must begin within
21 days
33
OPC every
6 months
Valid for 6 months in addition to the remainder of the month of validation
If issued within the final 3 months of revalidation the OPC expiry will still be 6 months from the date of expiry
34
Dangerous goods training every
24 months
35
Training records kept for
3 years
36
Line training for command course is a minimum of
10 flights
37
For single pilot CAT operation VFR greater than 50nm from departure aerodrome the commander must have
500 hrs or valid IR
38
For single pilot CAT operation IFR on multi engine aircraft the commander must have
700 hrs flight time including 400 hrs PIC
100 hrs IFR
40 hrs multi engine Ac
39
For single pilot CAT operation IFR on single engine aircraft the commander must have
700 hrs flight time including 400 hrs PIC
| 100 hrs IFR
40
If operating IFR or at night 2 crew for
Turbo prop more than 9 seats
| All turbojets
41
To remain current
3 TO, APP and LDN within 90 days as PIC
42
Commander may be relieved by
FL200+
| Another pilot or Co-pilot holding an ATPL
43
Co-pilot may be relieved by
Suitably qualified pilot
44
Familiarisation involves
Only theory
45
Differences training involves
Theory and practical training in sim
46
Pilots operating both helicopters and aeroplanes may only fly
One type of each
47
For a commander’s aerodrome knowledge to be current
Operate in area or route of the aerodrome at least once within 12 months
48
Cabin crew required when
MOPSC is more than 19
49
SCCM must have
1 year experience
50
Cabin crew per pax requirements
1 cabin crew for every 50 pax
Or number of cabin crew that participated in evacuation
51
Cabin crew can only operate on
3 Ac types
52
Cabin crew are supervised for
20 hours or 15 sectors
53
Max crew duty hours
60 hours in 7 days
110 hours in 14 days
190 hours in 28 days
54
Max crew flight time
100 hours in 28 days
900 hours per calendar year
1000 hours in 12 consecutive months
55
Max flight duty period
13 hours
56
Max flight duty period extension
1 hour planned
Or at commanders authority:
2 hours
3 if augmented crew
57
Max number flight duty period extensions
2 in 7 days
58
Night duty is from
02:00 to 04:59
59
WOCL is from
02:00 to 05:59
60
Local night is from
22:00 to 08:00 local
61
Minimum flight crew rest period at base
At least as long as the preceding duty or 12 hours
62
Minimum flight crew rest period away from base
At least as long as the preceding duty or 10 hours
63
Duty is
Any task that a crew member is required to carry out associated with the business of an AOC holder
64
Duty period is
A period which starts when a crew member is required by an operator to commence a duty and ends when the crew member is free from all duties
65
Flight duty period is
Begins when the crew member is required to report for duty and ends when the aircraft comes to rest on stand on the last sector
66
Block time is
The time between an aeroplane first moving from its parking place for the purpose of taking off until it comes to rest on the designated parking position and all engines or propellers are stopped
67
MMEL
Established by the manufacturer
| Approved by the state of design
68
MEL
Established by the operator
Approved by the relevant authority
If amended, authority must be informed within 30 days
Can only be more restrictive than the MMEL
69
MEL Rectification intervals
A - specified time
B - 3 days
C - 10 days
D - 120 days
70
For day operations the Ac must have
Anti-collision lights
Instrument illumination
Pax compartment illumination
Torch for each crew member
71
For night ops the Ac must additionally have
Navigation lights
| 2 landing lights
72
Minimum spare fuse requirements
10% or minimum of 3 of each rating
73
Windscreen wipers at each pilot station if
MCTOM > 5700 kg
74
To fly day VFR need
Basic 6
Clock
Temperature
Indication of power supply failure
Pitot heat if MCTOM > 5700kg or C of A after 1 Apr 1999
75
Additional requirements to fly night and IFR
2nd altimeter
DG
If MCTOM > 5700 kg:
2nd static system
Pitot failure warning if
76
Ac MCTOM > 5700 kg or 9 Pax must have how much independent power
30 mins
77
Single pilot IFR must have
AP with ALT and HDG modes
78
Altitude alerting system required for
Turboprop MCTOM > 5700 kg or 9 pax
| All jet
79
TAWS required if
MCTOM > 5700 kg or 9 pax
80
Which Ac require what class of TAWS
Class A - Jet Ac
| Class B - Prop with MCTOM > 5700 kg or 9 pax
81
Wx radar required if
At night or IMC
Weather hazards
Px cabin
MCTOM > 5700 kg or 9 pax
82
PTT must be on
Control column if flying at night or IMC
83
If flying IFR each crew must have their own
Audio selector panel
84
Crew Inter phone required if
MCTOM > 15,000 kg or 19 pax
85
Crew inter phone must connect to
Each pax compartment
Each galley
Each crew compartment
Ground personnel with at least 2 crew stations
86
PA system required if
MOPSC > 19
87
IFR and VFR flights not navigating by ground reference must have
2 radios
| Altitude reporting transponder
88
RVSM requires
2 altimeters
Altitude alerting system
Alt transponder
AP with alt mode
89
Operator must report alt keeping errors greater than
300 ft total error
245 ft altimetry system error
300 ft deviation
90
CVR required on
Multi eng Ac with > 9 pax
All Ac MCTOM > 5700 kg
Record anything in or out of cockpit and cockpit background noise
91
Underwater locating device transmit for
90 days or FDR and CVR
92
If nav database is wrong report to
Nav database provider
93
CVR records
25 hrs if MCTOM > 27,000 kg
| 2 hrs other Ac
94
FDR required
MCTOM > 5700 kg
| Multi eng turbine Ac with 9 or more pax
95
1 first aid kit per
100 seats
96
Emergency medical kit required
MOPSC > 30
Or
> 60 mins from aerodrome
97
First aid oxygen required
Cabin crew required and px cabin and alt > 25,000ft
98
First aid oxygen must be sufficient for
2% of pax with minimum of 1
3L per min
For remainder of flight after depressurisation
99
Supplemental oxygen required if
Above 10,000ft
100
Pax oxygen masks must exceed number of seats by
10%
101
Oxygen masks must be supplied to % of pax
100% if > 15,000ft for minimum of 10 min supply
30% if > 14,000ft
10% if > 10,000ft
102
Flight crew quick don masks required
Above 25,000ft
| And last for 110 min at 10,000 ft
103
Flight crew O2 masks below 25,000ft
20 mins supply at 10,000 ft
104
Crew PBE required if
MCTOM > 5,700 kg and MOPSC > 19
Supply for 15 mins
105
Flight deck fire extinguisher requirement
1 for electrical and fluid fires
106
Pax numbers and fire extinguishers
7 - 30 pax 1
31 - 60 pax 2
Greater than 60 1 per 100 plus 1
```
Eg
61 - 200 pax 3
200 - 300 pax 4
300 - 400 pax 5
Etc
```
107
Break in points are coloured
Red or yellow
108
Emergency exits much have slides if
More than 1.83m/6 ft from ground
109
Number of megaphones required
< 60 pax none
61 - 99 pax 1
> 99 pax 2
Minimum of 1 per deck
110
Independent lighting system required if
> 9 seats
111
Cabin lighting required if And includes
> 19 seats
Includes:
Floor lighting
Exit signs
Over wing lights if at night
112
Modern Ac require what kind of ELT
At least 1 and automatic
113
Life jackets required if
> 50 nm from coast
Or
When takeoff or approach is over a significant body of water
Must have a light
114
Life rafts required if
OEI:
120 min or 400 nm from land
Or other Ac
30 min or 100 nm from land
Must be enough rafts for all people to fit in them if 1 raft is lost
Must also have 2 ELT
115
Additional survival equipment is required if
120 min OEI
30 min single engine
90 min from suitable landing site for CS25 Ac
116
Require a seat if over
24 months old
117
Fasten seatbelt sign required if
Cabin not visible from flight deck
118
Must have cockpit door is
> 19 seats
119
Dangerous goods are in ICAO annex
18 and
doc 9284 - the technical instructions for the safe carriage of dangerous goods by air
120
Gangrenous goods EU reg
EU regulations 965/2012 Annex V part SPA DG
121
Dangerous goods transported in a
Freight container mostly for radio active materials
122
UN number
4 digit number to identify DG substance
123
Serious injury is one that
Requires hospitalisation for at least 48 hours within 7 days of the injury
124
‘Red book’ is the
Emergency response guide
125
Who’s the responsibility is it to ensure packaging, storage and labelling is done correctly
The shippers
126
DG training every
24 months
127
If incident the PIC must inform ATC of the
UN number of DG
128
Forbidden DG include
Unstable explosives
Substances liable to produce dangerous quant,ivies of heat or gas under normal transporting conditions
Dangerously toxic or corrosive substances
129
Overpack is
2 layers of packaging
130
Where can the pilots find info on DG being carried
NOTOC
131
DG training records kept for
3 years
132
Categories of Dangerous Goods
9 categories
133
DG incidents
Must be reported within 72 hours to the your authority and the authority in which the incident occurred
134
Planning and preparation can be found in
ICAO annex 6 Part 1 Air Ops
135
ETOPS en-route alternate requirements
ATS facility
| At least one instrument approach
136
2 eng AC TO alternate
60 mins OEI
Or
ETOPS up to 2 hours or ETOPS approval which ever is less
137
3+ eng AC TO alternate
120 mins OEI in still air
138
Dest alternate
1 alternate for IFR flights unless:
```
< 6 hours or isolated
And
1 separate RWY at dest
Met +/- 1 hour arrival
2000ft ceiling and 5km Vis
```
2 aft for IFR if:
Wx below minima or there is no Wx info
139
VFR operating minima
140
SVFR must commence
Below 3km and not continued below 1500m
141
Planning minima
142
ETOPS en-route planning minima
143
When refuelling with AVGAS
Can’t have pax onboard
144
To refuel Jet A with pax onboard
Qualified person to handle emergency onboard
2 way Comms to ground crew
Crew and pax informed of refuelling
Seat belt signs off
Seat belt signs and exit signs on
Pax instructed not to smoke and not to wear seatbelts
Crew must be prepared for immediate evacuation
Fuel vapour detected inside the cabin refuelling must stop immediately
Areas beneath emergency exits clear
145
Low vis takeoff is and can be reduced
400m can be reduced to 75m with HUD
146
Can pilot assessment replace RVR
Yes
147
LVO training every
Year
148
NAPD 1 and 2
149
Cannot use reduced thrust if
RWY contaminated
X wind exceeding 15kts
Tail wind exceeding 5kts
Wind shear or TS reported
150
Noise abatement procedures in
AIP Part AD section 2 & 3
151
Standard twin limitation
60 mins of adequate AD OEI
152
ETPOS is displayed on
AOC
153
Shortest ETOPS routes are known as
Minimum time routes
154
EEP and EXP stand for
Extended range entry point
Extended range exit point
Between them is known as the ETOPS segment
155
LRNS
Long range navigation system
156
MASPS
Minimum aircraft system performance specification
157
NAT HLA
North Atlantic high level airspace
FL285 - FL420 which normal cruising levels FL290 - FL410
158
OCA
Oceanic control area
159
OTS
Organised track system
160
PRM
Preferred route message
161
SLOP
Strategic lateral offset procedures
162
WATRS
West Atlantic route system
163
NAT HLA extends
FL285 to FL420
164
OCAs
```
Bodo
Reykjavik
Gander
Shanwick
Santa Maria
New York
```
165
Oceanic transition areas
BOTA by Brest FIR
SOTA by Shannon FIR
NOTA by Shannon FIR
SOTA and NOTA go from FL060 to FL600
166
NAT HLA requirements
```
RVSM approval
RNP10 / RNAV10
TCAS 7.1 / ACAS2
2 serviceable LRNS
Datalink
HF radio
```
167
Changeover times
Westbound (day)
11:30 - 19:00z
Eeastbound (night)
01:00 - 08:00z
168
Blue spruce routes
Only require 1 LRNS
Canada Greenland etc
169
Tango Routes
Northern Europe to Spain/Portugal etc
170
Hybrid routes
Can only join outer tracks
171
PBCS tracks
```
FL350 - FL390
23nm / 0.5 degree separation
RNP4
RSP180 / RCP240
CPDLC
ADS-C
5 mins separation
```
172
OTS tracks
FL290 - FL410
60nm / 1 degree separation
10 mins sep
173
Must tell ATC if ETA changes by
3 mins or more
174
Oceanic clearances should be requested
40 mins prior to entry point
175
When transmitting position reports report
Next position + 1
176
AC with RNP4, RCP240 and RSP180 can reduce separation to
19nm
177
Before entering the NAT if altimeters disagree by
200ft or more must report to ATC
Increases to 300ft inside the NAT
178
Must ask ATC if you want to change your Mach by more than
0.2
179
Longitudinal separation is
10 mins
| 5 mins on PBCS track
180
HF bands day and night
Lower HF bands at night < 7MHz
| Higher HF bands during day > 8MHz
181
When entering the NAT SSR should be maintained for
30 mins or 10 mins on Tango routes
182
SLOP
Wake, Wx, pax problems
0.1 increments up to 2nm right only
183
Wx deviation NAT
30 degrees right of left up to 5nm and +/- 300ft
SAND
184
Mech and pax problems in the NAT
30 degrees left or right up to 5 nm
Descend below FL290
Or
+/-500ft is below FL410
-500 +1000 if at FL410
+/-1000ft is above FL410
185
Recommended time between significant points on random routes is
60 mins
186
random routes defined as
Parallels of latitude spaced at 5 degrees
Crossed at whole degrees of longitude
187
On initial contact with OTS the pilot should state
The HF frequency in use
188
HF frequencies range from
2.8 to 18 MHz
189
Minimum nav specification when 50 nm spacing is
RNP10
190
Converted met visibility CMV
191
If RVR or CMV is less than minima, may not continue an approach if
At 1000ft RVR is below minima
| Or if RVR goes below minima while below 1000ft can continue to DA/DH
192
Fail passive is
No out of trim but landing cannot be completed automatically
193
Fail operational
No out of trim and landing can be completed automatically and will become fail passive
194
Fail operational hybrid
Fail passive system with a secondary system eg a HUD
195
Approach system minima
```
ILS/MLS/LS - 200ft
SRA to 1nm - 300ft
VOR - 300ft
VOR/DME - 250ft
NDB - 350ft
```
196
Single pilot CAT 1 minimum vis is
800m
197
Precision approach minima
198
AC speed categories
199
Circling minima
200
Takeoff RVR minima
A, B, C - 150m
| D - 200m
201
Icing effects on lift and drag
Reduces lift by 30%
| Increases drag by 40%
202
One step and two step de icing
De ice and anti ice
De icing followed by anti icing
203
Commanders responsibilities after de icing
Entry into tech log
Monitor conditions and HOT
Pre takeoff check
204
Types of fluids and colours
Roman numerals 1 - 4
Deicing orange
Anti icing green
Fluid turns white and milky when it develops ice crystals
205
HOT starts from
Hold over time
From beginning of anti icing
206
Low vis ops come into place when
Ceiling is 200ft and RVR 600m
207
Visual approach minima is
800m
208
Clean aircraft concept is DOC
ICAO DOC 9640
209
Vertical and horizontal wind shear
210
Wind shear recognition
```
ASI +/- 15kts
VSI +/- 500ft
Attitude change 5 degrees
Glide slope 1 dot
Heading +/- 10 degrees
Unusual auto thrust and lever position
```
Blowing rings of dust on the ground
211
Microbursts
5km diameter
1 - 5 min
Downdraught of 60 kts
Speed change of up to 45 kts
212
On wind shear escape remember to
Go around and keep config
Pitch close to stick shaker or follow FD
If AP engaged, leave it engaged
213
PIREP must be reported if wind shear
20 kts or more
| Up or downdraught of 500ft below 1000ft
214
Contaminated when
>25% 3mm of water or equivalent
215
Damp
Surface does not give shiny appearance
216
Wet
Surface gives reflective appearance
217
Dynamic hydro planing
Spin down = 9 root P
Spin up = 7.7 root P
1 bar is 15 psi
Speed below which water is displaced
218
Viscous hydro planing
Tyre can’t penetrate through thin water film after most of the water has been displaced
219
Reverted rubber hydro planing
High px causes steam high can melt the tyres
220
SNOWTAM valid for
8 hours
221
Contamination codes need to know: 6, T, D
```
6 = slush
T = cleared length
D = actual info in plain language
```
222
Most wake turbulence from an AC that is
Heavy
Slow
Clean config
223
In regards to wake turbulence X wind
Light X wind is more dangerous than a strong one
| 2 - 5 kts
224
Wake categories
Heavy > 136,000kg
Medium 136,000 to 7,000kg
Light < 7,000kg
225
Wake turbulence departure spacing
Same point 2 mins unless medium or light after A380 it’s 3 mins
Intersection is 3 mins unless medium or light after A380 it’s 4 mins
For medium following a heavy, 5nm and 2 mins
226
Birds attracted to what grass
Short grass
227
Info on bird activity can be found in
AIP ENR 5.6
228
90% of bird strikes occurs below
2500ft
229
Slow decompression is
Insidious
Eg leak in door
Hissing or whistling
Ears popping
Mild hypoxia
230
Rapid decompression
Don oxygen mask and set 100%
231
Cabin warning sound when exceed
10,000ft
232
Cabin masks automatically drop
14,000ft for AC certified above 25,000ft
233
Need extra masks
10% pax seating
234
TUC
235
Should only approach landing gear from
Front or rear
236
Steel breaks
Small frequent applications
237
Carbon breaks
Few but firm applications
238
Classes of fire
```
A - material
B - liquid
C - gas
D - metal
Electrical
F - cooking fats and oils
```
239
Hanson fire extinguisher used
Pretty much everywhere
Powder only for breaks sometimes
240
Lithium fires extinguished with
Water
241
Precautionary landing when
No immediate threat
242
Emergency landing when
Immediate threat
243
Ditching
Gear up and flaps down
| Parallel to swell
244
CS 25 evacuation requirements
90 seconds with half of the doors open in the dark
245
Jettison not less than
6,000ft
246
When do you need jettison
AC must be able to land within 15 mins of departure to meet performance requirements
247
Security is
Annex 17 or EU reg 300/2008
248
Following unlawful interference commander must submit report to
Local authority and registry authority
249
Lockable cockpit door required if
4,500kg or 60 PSC
250
An ICAO standard is
Contracting states will conform to any specification in accordance with the convention
251
ICAO recommended practice is
Contracting states will endeavour to conform to any specification in accordance with the convention.
252
ICAO national differences must be
More stringent than the ICAO requirements
