Opthalmology Flashcards
(25 cards)
risk factors for closed angle glaucoma
Female increasing age chinese/ east asian shallow anterior chamber hypermetropia lens growth associated with age pupillary dilatation FH
medications causing glaucoma
noradrenaline
oxybutynin, solifenacin
amitryptylline
steroids
CRVO features
flame and dot haemorrhages
optic disc oedema
macular oedema
stormy sunset: hyperaemia and haemorrhages
CRVO management
opthalmology referral
laser photocoagulation
intravitreal steroids
anti-VEGF therapies
CRAO management
ocular massage
inhaling carbogen
sublingual isosorbide dinitrate
open-angle glaucoma fundoscopy
optic disc cupping >0.7 optic disc pallor bayonetting of vessels cup notching disc haemorrhages
open angle glaucoma investigations
automated perimetry slit lamp goldmann applanation tonometry central corneal thickness measurement gonioscopy
prostaglandin analogues names
xalatan
lumigan
prostaglandin side effects
brown pigmentation of iris
eyelid pigmentation
increased eyelash length
sympathomimetics SE
MAOi or TCA concurrent use contraindicated
hyperaemia
complications of diabetic retinopathy
retinal detachment vitreous haemorrhage rubeosis iridis optic neuropathy cataracts
risk factors for orbital cellulitis
HiB unvaccinated recent eyelid infection/ insect bite ear/facial infection previous sinus infection childhood
risk factors for retinal detachment
retinal malignancy age diabetic retinopathy posterior vitreous detachment cataract surgery myopia eye traima FH
management of retinal detachment
vitrectomy
scleral buckling
pneumatic retinopexy
conditions associated with scleritis
rheumatoid arthritis SLE IBD sarcoidosis granulomatosis with polyangiitis
acute anterior uveitis associations
IBD ankylosing spondylitis HLA B27 related conditions reactive arthritis juvenile idiopathic arthritis
chronic anterior uveitis associations
sarcoidosis syphilis lyme disease TB herpes
anterior uveitis features
small, irregular pupil photophobia blurred vision red eye lacrimation ciliary flush hypopyon visual acuity initially normal
anterior uveitis management
urgent review by opthalmology
cycloplegics: atropine, cyclopentolate
steroid eye drops
causes of RAPD
Any optic nerve pathology before the chiasm
Severe retinal pathology- retinal detachment, CRVO, CRAO
Optic neuritis
Optic nerve tumours, glioma, meningioma
Trauma to optic nerve, I.e. surgery
Pressure on optic nerve (TED)
Advanced unilateral glaucoma
elevation, intorsion, adduction
SR
depression, extorsion, adduction
IR
intorsion, depression, abduction
SO
extorsion, elevation, abduction
IO
