Optical Principles

Question 1

How many mm and cm is 1 inch?

Answer 1

25mm or 2.5 cm

Question 2

When finding focal lengths, what is the formula to find diopter power?

Answer 2

D=1/F

Question 3

When finding focal lengths, what is the formula to find focal lengths?

Answer 3

F=1/D

Question 4

Every optical lens front surface is what type of power, and what type is the back surface?

Answer 4

front surface is plus power, back surface is minus power

Question 5

A Concave lens is which type of
power?

Answer 5

minus power lens

Question 6

A Convex lens is which type of power?

Answer 6

plus power lens

Question 7

As light passes through a Prism, it bends towards the what?

Answer 7

the base

Question 8

Plus lenses demonstrate which type of motion?

Answer 8

“against” motion

Question 9

What does it mean for a lens to be “against” motion?

Answer 9

it means the lens becomes more magnified(more plus) as it is moved away from your eye

Question 10

Minus lenses demonstrate which type of motion?

Answer 10

“with” motion

Question 11

What does it mean for a lens to be “with” motion?

Answer 11

it means the lens image shrinks(less minus) as the lens is moved away from your eye

Question 12

What is the speed of light?

Answer 12

186,000 miles per second

Question 13

Light radiates from it’s source in which type of wavefront?

Answer 13

a diverging wavefront

Question 14

Light travels at how many miles per minute?

Answer 14

11 million miles per minute

Question 15

How far is the Earth from the sun?

Answer 15

approximately 93 million miles

Question 16

When does Refraction occur?

Answer 16

when light passes through a transparent material and is slowed down by that material.

Question 17

Measuring how much a given transparent material slows down light as it passes through it is known as finding it’s what?

Answer 17

Index of Refraction

Question 18

Formula for measuring the Index of Refraction?

Answer 18

N=186,000/Velocity of light through a medium

Question 19

The breakdown of light into it’s colored components is called what?

Answer 19

Dispersion Value

Question 20

Which light color(s) are our eyes most sensitive to?

Answer 20

yellow/green at 535 nm

Question 21

What is Illumination?

Answer 21

the amount of light striking an object from a light source

Question 22

What is the Law of Inverse Square?

Answer 22

it shows the variance in illumination. Generally, showing that as light leaves it’s source, if it isn’t inhibited, it will disperse. AE. the farther away from a light you are, the less intense it feels

Question 23

Law of Inverse Square Formula

Answer 23

E=I/(d)squared
E: illumination in Lux
I: Intensity of light
(d) squared: object distance squared

Question 24

Define Refraction

Answer 24

The bending of light rays

Question 25

Define Reflection

Answer 25

when light can not penetrate the material they hit, they reflect back, causing reflection

Question 26

What are the four scientific theories of light?

Answer 26

Direct Ray theory Corpuscular Theory Quantum Theory Electro-Magnetic Wave Theory

Question 27

Define Direct Ray Theory

Answer 27

the theory of the existence of an immense light beam similar to a headlight beam or spotlight, but that in its intensity, it illuminates the entire universe

Question 28

Define Corpuscular Theory

Answer 28

Theory that the universe holds an infinity of fine thread type transmitters for light, like a spider web of light transmitting threads.

Question 29

Define Quantum Theory

Answer 29

The assumption that different size energy materials and particles combine with the sun in the light process.

Question 30

In Quantum Theory, the particles that combine with the sun in the light process are called what?

Answer 30

Photons

Question 31

Define Electro-Magnetic Wave Theory

Answer 31

Theory says that light leaves its source in a series of pulsations known as waves. Each point of light moves in a straight line known as a light ray

Question 32

In Electro Magnetic Wave Theory, the distance between pulsations is known as what, and they’re measured in what type of unit?

Answer 32

Known as Wavelengths, they’re measured in nanometers

Question 33

Which light wave color is the shortest?

Answer 33

Violet

Question 34

Which light wave color is the longest?

Answer 34

Red

Question 35

When our eyes perceive different colors, what are we recognizing?

Answer 35

Different wavelengths of light

Question 36

Wavelengths of light that influence our vision are referred to as what?

Answer 36

The visible spectrum

Question 37

The Invisible spectrum of light includes what?

Answer 37

Ultraviolet which resides below the visible spectrum, and infrared light which exists above the visual spectrum.

Question 38

Which light theory is used in color research?

Answer 38

Electro magnetic wave theory

Question 39

Which light theory is used most often in optical?

Answer 39

Electro magnetic wave theory

Question 40

The Visible spectrum is between how many Nanometers?

Answer 40

Between 380 nm - 760nm

Question 41

What are the 3 types of radiation that the sun produces?

Answer 41

1. Visible light (the color spectrum) 2. Infrared - defined as “below red” 3. Ultraviolet (UV rays)

Question 42

Which type of UV rays are most offensive to someone not wearing glasses, and how many nanometers are they between?

Answer 42

UV B, 286-320nm

Question 43

How much UV filter is in Clear Glass?

Answer 43

8%

Question 44

How much UV filter is in Plastic CR39?

Answer 44

30-50% depending on manufacturer

Question 45

How much UV filter is in Poly?

Answer 45

100%

Question 46

How much UV filter is in Trivex?

Answer 46

100%

Question 47

How much UV filter is in High Index?

Answer 47

Nearly 100%

Question 48

How much UV filter is in Transitions?

Answer 48

Nearly 100%

Question 49

Define Diffraction

Answer 49

A different kind of bending of light involving a change in direction of light waves as they pass through an opening or around a barrier in their path resulting in the breaking up or ‘spattering’ of light rays.

Question 50

Light passing through curtains is an example of what?

Answer 50

Light diffraction

Question 51

Do Plus lenses converge or diverge light rays?

Answer 51

Converge, bringing light rays together

Question 52

Do Minus lenses converge or diverge light rays?

Answer 52

Diverge, moving light rays away from each other

Question 53

In which direction to prism’s bend light as they pass through?

Answer 53

Towards it’s base

Question 54

What does a laser do?

Answer 54

Controls light through a specifically arranged set of lenses