optics: Retinal Prosthesis Flashcards
(16 cards)
Which type of AMD involves damaged sensory tissue w absence of vascular hemorrhaging
DRY AMD
Which type of AMD involves neovasculation of the choriocapilliars results in leaky blood vessels
WET AMD
What type of drugs help with wet AMD?
Angiogenesis
Describe the early stages of RP?
Rods are more severely affected than cones
In the last stage of RP what happens?
Cones begin to die
What is a stipulation for getting visual prosthesis?
Neural connections are still in tact
-vision loss due to photoreceptor disease
Implantable miniature telescope
Implanted to enlarge objects in the central visual field and focus them onto healthy areas of the retina not affected by AMD
What role do optometrists play in IMT?
Aid in determining which eye should receive the implantation
-pre-op and post-op
Supra-choroidal implants
Positioned between sclera and choroid
-used for retinitis pigmentosa patients
Sub retinal chip
Alpha IMS from Germany is a microchip that replaces photoreceptors
What are the main differences between the human eye and the sub retinal implant?
-only 15 degrees across retina
-20/200 best grating acuity
-no color discrimination
-lack of spontaneous adaption to brightness
Epi-retinal prosthetic
Imaging device like a camera and then transforms this denial information to electrical stimulation
Optogenetic therapy for visual restoration
Inserting opsins or light sensitive proteins in the downstream retinal neural a that have no intrinsic light sensitivity
-create artificial photoreceptors
Optic nerve stimulation
Focal stimulation and detailed perception are difficult
-relatively safe and easier implantation procedure compared to retinal approaches
Cortical stimulation
-fro people with profound blindness
-can help despite optic nerve or retinal damage
-high risk surgery
Types of bionic eye implants:
IMT
Suprachoiroidal
Epiretinal
Subretinal
