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Oral Flashcards

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1
Q

Lines the parallel equator

A

Latitude

Marked with minutes each tic on latitude line equals 1 min, dash 5 min and box 30minutes

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2
Q

Lines extending from north to South Pole

A

Longitude

0 degrees passes though Greenwich England

Each tic represents 1min, dash 5min and box 30 minutes

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3
Q

If cruising altitude is between 0 and 179 what should your altitude be ?

A

Odd altitude plus 500

3500, 5500, 7500 ft

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4
Q

If cruising between 180 and 359 then cruising altitude should be

A

Even altitude plus 500 ft

4500, 6500

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5
Q

What controls pitch and which axis does the plane rotate about

A

Pitch

Elevator

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6
Q

Which component controls yaw and about which axis does it rotate

A

Rudder

Vertical Axis

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7
Q

Which component controls roll and which axis does the plane rotate about ?

A

Ailerons

Longitude Axis

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8
Q

Minimum Safe Altitude

  1. Congested
  2. Non-congested
  3. Sparsely populated areas
A
  1. 1000ft above closest obstinate within 2000ft
  2. 500 ft above surface
  3. Not within 500 ft of person vessel or vehicle
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9
Q

What is a convective signet ?

What conditions are Convective signet issued for ?

What is area it is issued for ?

How often is it updated?

A
  1. Hazardous Weather to All Aircraft
  2. Surface winds above 50 knots
    Hail larger than 3/4 diameter
    Tornados and Embedded thunderstorms
  3. East, Central or West
  4. Issued every 4 hours
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10
Q

What is a Signet?

What is it issued for ?

How often is it issued ?

A

Significant meteorological information concerning for all aircraft

Issued for sever icing, sever turbulence, and IFR conditions

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11
Q

What is an Airmet ?

What is an airmen’s issued for ?

How often is it issued?

A

Weather conditions hazardous to light aircraft

types
Sierra: for IFR conditions less than 3 miles visibility or ceiling less than 1000ft over 50% of an area

Zulu: moderate Icing

Tango: moderate Turbulence, strong winds more than 30 knots and wind shear

Issued every 6 hours

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12
Q

What is the basic med limitations and requirements?

How long is it good for ?

A

Type of medical certification

Limitations are less than 18,000 ft, less than 250 knots, no more than 6 people including pilot, max take off weight 6000 lbs, not for commercial

Good for 48 months, must complete training every 24 months

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13
Q

Compass Errors

Variation

Deviation

A

Variation: difference between true and magnetic north

Deviation: error caused by magnetic fields of airplane electronics

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14
Q

What happens when you

Turn from North heading ?

Turn from south heading ?

A

NOSE

North indicate a turn in opposite direction

South compares exaggerates the rate of turn

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15
Q

Indicated Altitude

A

Altitude indicates by altimeter

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16
Q

Pressure Altitude ?

A

Height above the standard datum plane when altimeter is adjusted to standard sea level pressure 29.92

Can be read by setting altimeter to 29.92

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17
Q

Density Altitude

A

Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature

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18
Q

True Altitude

A

The actual height above sea level

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19
Q

Absolute altitude

A

Actual height above the earths surface

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20
Q

What are gyroscopic instruments?

A

Attitude Indicator (wings on horizon)

Heading Indicator

Turn Coordinator

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21
Q

Special Use Air Space description and requirements (blue line and single line of dots)

A

Requested to avoid flight below 2,000 ft to avoid disturbing birds

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22
Q

Protected airspace description and requirements

A

Purple line with two dots

Pilots are prohibited by NOAA from flying below the noted altitude usually 1000 to 2000 ft AGL

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23
Q

Prohibited description and requirements

A

Blue Line with perpendicular blue lines extending inward

Example is the Boundary Waters the elevation limit of this can be verified in ForeFlight by holding down over area and selecting details

Flight is not permitted in this area

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24
Q

Restricted Area description and requirements

A

Blue Line with perpendicular lines extending inward

VFR flight is not permitted without prior ATC approval

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25
Warning Area description and requirements
blue line with perpendicular lines extending inward VFR flight does not require prior approval but recommended due to potentially hazardous conditions
26
Alert Area
Purple line with perpendicular lines extending inward VFR flight does not require ATC approval but should be alert due to high volume of training flights
27
MOA Military Operation Area
Purple line with perpendicular lines extending inward VFR pilot may fly though active MOA but advise to exercise extreme caution. Recommend to check with ATC before entering
28
MOA VR259 watch out for
High speed flight above 1500 agl
29
MOA vR1650 watch out for?
High Speed flight below 1500 AGL
30
NAtional Security Area NSA
Thick purple dashed line Found around government and military operations Flight can be prohibited by NOTAm and flight below a certain elevation may be requested to be avoided
31
What is a TFR and how do you know about it
Temporary Flight Restriction Know about it’s requirements by checking the specified notam
32
What is the ADIZ, where is it located and what are the requirements
ADIZ Air Defense Identification Zone Surround the nations eastern and western boarders Requires a IFR or Defense VFR flight plan, mode c transponder Similar to B and C airspace, position reports prior to entering, two way radio communications and N numbers
33
What is the DC FRZ? How big is the FRZ?
DC FRZ Washington DC special flight rules area 15 nm of DCA VOR/DME You can legally fly into the DC FRZ but a special background check has to be completed and special procedures must be followed
34
What are elements related to a lost procedure ?
1. Continue to Fly Original Heading a watch for recognize land marks 2. Plot a point based on estimated distance from last check point based on time and heading draw a circular of error around point approximately 15 nm 3. Continue straight ahead watching for land marks 4. If this fail turn towards a concentration of land marks 5. Climb to gain a better view of surrounding 6. Contact ATC and request help
35
How do you calculate the CG with known weight, arm
Calculate the total moment CG= moment / total weight
36
When request and outlook weather briefing ?
Outlook weather briefing is selected when the briefing is requested more than 6 hours before proposed departure time
37
When to request a standard weather briefing ?
A standard weather briefing should be selected to supplement other forecasts or to update a previous briefing
38
When to request a standard weather briefing ?
Request a standard weather briefing when there is less than 6 hours to the proposed departure for a complete weather briefing
39
Where can you get inflight weather forecasts ?
1. Contacting Flight Service Stations | 2. ADS-B
40
What information do you need to provide when calling for a weather briefing ?
1. Aircraft Identify or Name 2. Intended Route departure and destination 3. Type of Aircraft 4. When you intend to fly
41
What effect does High and Low density altitude have on propeller efficiency?
Propeller efficiencies decreases as the density altitude increases Low density altitude = high propeller efficiency High density altitude = low propeller efficiency
42
What are the pitot static instruments
Airspeed Indicator Altimeter Vertical Speed Indicator
43
What are the gyroscopic instruments ?
Altitude Indicator (wings on horizon shows rate of turn and if the nose is pointed up or down Turn Coordinator Heading Indicator
44
Vacuum powered instruments
Heading Indicator Attitude Indicator Suction Gage
45
What is electrically powered instrument /gage
The turn coordinator
46
What is the difference between an accident and incident ?
Accident is an occurrence in which any person suffers serious injury, death or the aircraft receives substantial damage Accidents must be reported to NTSB within 10 days Incident is an occurrence other than accident Incident must be reported if requested by NTSB Immunity can be granted by self reporting to ASRS aviation safety report system
47
Effects of having the CG too far forward or aft
Forward: not able to rotate nose up for take off or flare for landing Aft: increased potential for stalls
48
7700
Emergency and set radio to 21.5
49
7600
Radio Failure
50
7500
Hijacking
51
7777
Military Intercept
52
Airspeed Limitations below 10,000 feet and in class B and C airspace
250 knots below 10,000 feet 200 knots in Class C and B airspace
53
What does ARROW stand for
``` Airworthiness Registration Radio License Operating Limitations Weight and Balance ```
54
PAVE
Pilot (IMSAFe) Aircraft (Preflight) V Environment External Pressure
55
IMSAFE
Illness Medication Stress Fatigue Emotions
56
AV1ATE
Annual 12 calendar month VOR 100 hour Altimeter 24 months Transponder 24 months ELT 12 months battery when at 50% capacity or used for more than 1 hour
57
ATOMATOFLAMES
``` Airspeed Tach Oil pressure Manifold pressure Altimeter Temp Oil Temp Fuel Landing Gear Indication Anti-collision lights Magnetic Compass Safety Belt ```
58
FLAPS Night Require Equipment
``` Fuses Landing Light Anti-collision Lights Position Lights Source of Electricity ```
59
FAA Advisory Circular 60 is for
Airman
60
FAA Advisory Circular 70 is for
Airspace
61
FAA Advisory Circular 90 is for
Airspace and Operating Rules
62
FAA Advisory Circular 20-50 is for
Aircraft
63
What allows pilots to perform preventative maintenance?
CFR 14 part 43
64
How long is a medical good for ? Class 1 , class 2 and Class 3
Class 1 for Airline Transporter Pilot Under 4O 12 calendar months 40 & Older 6 calendar months Class 2 Commercial Operations Under 4O 12 calendar months 40 & Older 12 calendar months Class 3 Private Pilot Under 4O 60 calendar months 40 & Older 24 calendar months
65
Compass error accelerating and decelerating on heading of east or west
ANDS Accelerate turn North Decelerate turn South
66
What color are taxi way lights and paint
Blue Lights Yellow Paint
67
What color are runway lights ?
White
68
What is a REL and what color is it
Runway Edge Lights are white and they illuminated the threshold
69
What is hypoxia? What are Symptoms? What actions Should be taken ?
Lack of Oxygen in the blood stream typically caused by the reduced barometric pressure at altitude Headache, sweating, blue fingers and lips, feeling euphoric, sleepiness, personality changes and impaired judgement Begin controlled descent or using supplemental oxygen For optimum protection use oxygen above 10000 ft day and 5000 ft at night
70
What is hyperventilation? What is symptoms ? Why action can be taken?
Breathing rate that is too rapid and too deep Drowsiness, muscle spasms, rapid heart rate, hot and cold sensation, nausea, confusion Actions Slow breathing by talking or breathing into a bag
71
What does CFR stand for
Code of Federal Regulation
72
Hypoxic Hypoxia
Due to lack of oxygen in atmosphere
73
Anemic Hypoxia
Occurs when there is sufficient oxygen in the lungs but the blood Stream is not able to carry it Cause by CO poisoning Greater risk due to smoking or donating blood
74
Stagnant Hypoxia
Oxygen is in the blood but circulating thought the body is below normal Caused by high positive gforce
75
Histotoxic Hypoxia
Due to bodies inability to take oxygen it needs from the blood stream Causes due to drugs and alcohol
76
Middle Ear and Sinus Problems
Pain and discomfort in ear or sinus cavities Caused by air trapped in the cavities and changes in pressure due to changing elevation Treatment climb to higher altitude and descend gradually, chewing swallowing and yawning
77
Spacial Disorientation
Most likely to happen at night or in marginal VFR conditions when the brain receives messages that contradict what the body receives Graveyard Spiral prolong turn fluid semi canals stops moving creating illusion no longer turning Coriolis Illusion rapid head movement puts more fluid in one semi canal than the other creating feeling of rotating Lean after abrupt recover semicircular camel sense lean in the opposite direction False Horizon Action Rely on the instruments and be aware of the conditions that encourage the occurrence
78
Motion Sickness
Airsickness symptoms dizziness, nausea, sweating paleness and vomiting Actions sit back and relax or focus outside the aircraft
79
CO poisoning
Anemic Hypoxia Symptoms loss of muscle power, headache, nausea, confusion and dizziness Actions turn of heater and open the window if possible use supplemental oxygen
80
Stress Overload
Stress Management 1 physical fitness 2 recognize and avoid heavy pressures 3 realistic assessment of self and abilities 4 avoid stressful situations and encounters
81
Fatigue
Effect Increases pilot error symptoms lack of attention, concentration, impaired coordination and decreased ability to communicate Corrective actions Get plenty of rest
82
Dehydration
Symptoms: nausea, dizziness, headache, tiredness and cramps Action Drink plenty of water
83
Scuba Diving time requirement after the last dive
Below 8,000 ft 12 hour for no decompression stops and 24 hours for decompression stops Above 8000 ft minimum 24 hours after the last dive
84
Alcohol time from last drink and maximum blood alcohol content
FAR prohibit flight within 8 hours and with a blood alcohol content above 0.04
85
Drugs
Do not fly when taking any medication unless it is appoved by FAA or Medical Examiner
86
What are three Night Visual Illusions
Autokinesis staring at a single bright light causes it to move on its own prevent by scanning and referencing instruments Night myopia night induced nearsightedness prevent by focus on distance light False Horizon from obscured horizon my focus on stars or bright lights as horizon
87
Required equipment for night flight
Working Flashlight
88
Fuel requirements day and night
Day 30 minutes extra at cruise speed Night 45 minutes extra at cruise speed
89
Type of aircraft lighting required at night
Position Lighting red on left wing green on right wing and white on tail Anti-collision Lights beacon light on the tail
90
Partial Power Loss Cause and Action
Carburetor Icing turn on Carburetor Heat Fuel Air Mixture too lean adjust mixture for full power Bad magneto caught on run up Fuel contamination catch on preflight
91
Overheat cause and action
Lean mixture or climbing at too steep a rate Or loss of oil pressure which is used to cool the engine
92
First sign of carburetor icing
Decrease in engine rpm
93
Electrical Malfunction How to notice and action required
Catch by looking for discharging ammeter Actions reduce electrical load, verify alternator circuit
94
Loss of vacuum pressure cause the malfunction of
Heading indicator Attitude indicator
95
Smoke or fire in engine compartment
Shut off fuel and begin emergency landing
96
Electrical Fire noticed by smoke coming from instrument panel
Turn off master switch, extinguish fire and land as soon as possible
97
What to do if a door or wind comes open
Continue flying the plane if needed land the plane and then close the window or door
98
What are the two types of NOTAMS
Notice to Airmen NOTAM (D) disseminated for all navigation facilities part of US air space NOTAM (FDZ) contains regulatory information such TFR and amendments to aeronautical charts
99
Why does FARS stand for
Federal Aviation Regulations

Private Pilot Oral JP (1 decks)

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