Oral And Nasal Cavities And Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards
(26 cards)
Anterior 2/3 of palate is ____; posterior 1/3 is soft and muscular composed of ____ and contains the ____ hanging off of the glossopharyngeal arch.
When swallowing, the soft palate and uvula _____ the opening to the nasopharynx.
Hard and bony; skeletal muscle; uvula
Close off
____ represent the opening between the oral cavity and oropharynx.
It is bounded by paired muscular folds of ____ and _____. ______ are housed between the arches.
Fauces
Glossopalatine arch (anterior) and pharyngopalatine arch (posterior)
Palatine tonsils
Adenoid tonsils (pharyngeal tonsils) can swell and close off nasal airway and affect _____.
Eustachian tube
Posterior surface of the tongue contains _____.
Tongue moves by ____.
Inferior surface of the tongue attaches to the floor of the oral cavity by the ____.
Lingual tonsils
Skeletal muscles
Lingual frenulum
_____ duct opens into the oral vestibule next to the second upper molar.
Most of the saliva is produced by ____. A duct from this gland opens through a papilla in the floor of the mouth on the lateral side of the ______.
____ stimulate mucus secretion from the parotid gland.
Parotid
Submandubular glands
Lingual frenulum
Sympathetic stimulation from cervical ganglia
_____ has ducts that open to the inferior surface of the oral cavity, posterior to the submandibular duct papilla.
Parotid duct opens into the oral vestibule next to the ____.
Sublingual gland
Second upper molar
Saliva contains ____ that breaks down carbs. It contains antibodies and an antibacterial element called ____ that inhibit bacterial growth in oral cavity.
Food molecules dissolved in saliva so ____ can be stimulated.
Amylase
Lysozyme
Taste receptors
Tooth has an exposed crown, neck, and roots that anchor it to jaw. Roots fit into ____, which are sockets within the alveolar processes of maxillae and mandible.
The roots, dental alveoli, and periodontal L bind the roots to the alveolar process, forming a ____ joint.
What are the two sets of teeth?
____ teeth cannot erupt because of the angle of their growth
Dental alveoli
Gomphosis joint
Deciduous teeth (20 teeth, 6 months); Permanent teeth (32)
Impacted teeth (wisdom teeth can become impacted)
What are four bones of the external nose?
Fiver cartilages?
Nasal bones
Frontal process of maxilla
Nasal part of frontal bone and nasal spine
Bony part of nasal septum
2 lateral cartilages
2 alar cartilages
Septal cartilage
All the nasal cavity is lined with ___ except the vestibule of the nose.
The mucosa is connected to the periosteum of the bony parts and perichondrium of the cartilaginous parts.
Oral area of nasal cavity is ____, respiratory area is ___.
Nasal mucosa
Support 1/3; inferior 2/3
What five arteries supply the lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavity?
What three veins drain the nasal cavity?
Where do all five arteries come together in a capillary bed? They can bleed profusely causing chronic nose bleeds.
Opthalmic A -> anterior and posterior ethmoidal A
Maxillary A -> sphenopalatine A, greater palatine A
Facial A -> superior labial A, lateral nasal branches
Sphenopalatine V, facial V, ophthalmic V
Kiesselbach area
What are the four paranasal sinuses?
Maxillary
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Frontal
The pharynx is all ____ muscle. And the esophagus is all _____ muscle.
Skeletal
Smooth
Tensor veli palatini is innervated by _____; it tenses soft palate and acts on the pharyngotympanic tube for depressurizing the middle ear.
The levator veli palatini is innervated by _____; elevates the tensed palate and acts on the pharyngotympanic tube.
Paralysis of either muscle can cause reflux of oral contents into the _____ and cause _____.
How is the pharyngotympanic tube different in infants?
CN V3
CN X
Nasal cavity; pharyngotympanic tube dysfunction
Tube is shorter and flatter in infants; bacteria can more easily get into auditory tube
Stage 1 of swallowing
How?
CN?
Bolus compressed against palate and pushed from mouth into oropharynx
Movements of tongue and soft palate
CN XII, X, V3
Stage 2 of swallowing
Soft palate is elevated, closing off nasopharynx; pharynx widens and shortens to receive bolus of food
Suprahyoid muscles and longitudinal pharyngeal muscles contract, elevating the larynx
Stage 3 of swallowing
CN?
Contraction of all three pharyngeal constrictor muscles forces food bolus inferiorly into esophagus
CN X
What three structures are contained in the pterygopalatine fossa?
Maxillary N (V2)
Pterygopalatine ganglion
3rd part of maxillary A
Path of the maxillary N in the pterygopalatine fossa?
Maxillary N (V2) -> zygomatic N -> zygomaticotemporal N -> lacrimal N (V1) (carrying parasympathetic fibers)
What are the boundaries of the nasal cavity?
Roof: frontal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone
Floor: palatine process of maxilla, horizontal plate of palatine bone
Medial wall: nasal septum (perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, septal cartilage, nasal crests of maxillary and palatine bone)
Lateral wall: superior, middle, inferior nasal conchae
Superior and middle concha are part of the ____ bone.
Inferior concha is its own bone.
Ethmoid bone
What are the four passages of the nasal cavity and what opening to the sinuses do they contain?
Spheno-ethmoidal recess (opening of sphenoid sinus)
Superior nasal meatus (openings of posterior ethmoidal sinuses)
Middle nasal meatus (openings of frontal sinus and anterior, middle ethmoid sinus; opening to maxillary sinus in posterior part of semilunar hiatus below ethmoid bulla)
Inferior nasal meatus (opening of nasolacrimal duct)
____ drains the maxillary sinus.
Arterial supply?
Innervation?
Maxillary ostium into middle meatus
Superior alveolar branches of maxillary A; greater palatine A
Superior alveolar N branches
____ are located between the orbits. Anterior and middle ethmoidal cells drain into the ____. Posterior drain into the ____.
Arterial supply?
Innervation?
Ethmoid air cells
Middle meatus
Superior meatus
Ethmoidal A (from ophthalmic A)
Nasociliary N (V1)
