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EMT-B > Oral Board > Flashcards

Oral Board Flashcards

(45 cards)

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1
Q

What does ASA stand for?

A

Acetylsalicylic Acid (aspirin)

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2
Q

What does of oxygen should be given in a non-rebreather mask?

A

10-15 L/min

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3
Q

How is oxygen delivered ?

A

BVM, non-rebreather, nasal cannula.

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4
Q

What are the indications for activated charcoal?

A

A single dose of activated charcoal may be effective when administered to patients within an hour of ingesting a toxic poison.

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5
Q

What does activated charcoal do?

A

It can absorb some poisons as they bind to the surface of the charcoal, making it harder to digest.

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6
Q

What are the side effects of activated charcoal?

A

It may induce vomiting and may cause nausea.

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7
Q

What are the contraindictions for activated charcoal?

A
  • Altered mental status
  • Patients who have received an emetic
  • Ingestions of acids or alkalis
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8
Q

What is the dose delivered for activated charcoal in adults and in children?

A

1 gram/kg of bodyweight for adults and children.

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9
Q

How do you administer activated charcoal?

A

1.) First contact medical control
2.) Shake container thoroughly
3.) persuade patient to drink “muddy” liquid.
4.) Cover container and a straw might help.
5.) Properly document

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10
Q

What are the indications for oral glucose?

A

1.) Altered mental status with unknown diabetic history
2.) Hypoglycemia

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11
Q

What are the actions of oral glucose?

A

Raise blood sugar

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12
Q

What forms does oral glucose come in?

A

Gel and tablet

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13
Q

Where should gel oral glucose be placed?

A

Between gum and cheeks

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14
Q

What is the dosage of adult and pediatric glucose?

A

10-15g of glucose paste for both adult and pediatrics

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15
Q

What is the oxygen flow rate for nasal cannula? Concentration?

A

2-6 liters per min, 24-44% concentration

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15
Q

What is the oxygen flow rate for venturi mask? Concentration?

A

Its variable, it is used to deliver controlled amounts of oxygen. Concentration is 24 -44%.

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15
Q

What are the adverse effects of oxygen?

A

High concentration may reduce respiratory drive in COPD patients.

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16
Q

What is the flow rate and concentration of a simple face mask?

A

6-10 liters per min
35-60% Concentration

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17
Q

What is flow rate and concentration of a pocket mask?

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A

12-15 liters per min, 50-60% concentration

18
Q

What is the flow rate and concentration of a non-rebreather mask?

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A

12-15 liters per min, 80-100% concentration

19
Q

What is the flow rate and concentration of a bag-valve mask?

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A

12-15 liters per min, 90-100% concentration

20
Q

What are the indications for epinephrine auto-injector?

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A

1.) Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress.
2.) Mild allergic reaction with history of life-threatening

21
Q

What does epinephrine auto-injector do to the body?

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A

Increase heart rate
Increase Blood Pressure
Dilates lungs
constrict blood vessels

22
Q

What are the adverse effects of epi auto injector?

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A

Tachycardia
Angina
Headache
Dizziness
Hypertension
Nervousness/anxiety
tremors

23
What are the precautions of epi-auto injector?
Requires medical consultation in pregnant woman and is in severe allergic reaction
24
What is the epinephrine auto injector dose for adults and pediatrics?
Adult 0.30 mg IM Pediatic 0.15 mg IM
25
How is epinephrine auto injector administered?
- ensure that the patient needs the auto-injector - Contact medical - Take out the epi autoinjector - double check the correct name and dose - remove the autoinjector cap - inject the orange part of the epi pen to the patient's thigh - hold firmly for at least 10 seconds -record name, dose, route, and time of administration. - Dispose of the auto-injector in a biohazard bin
26
What are common names for metered dose inhalers?
Albuterol, proventil, ventolin
27
What are indications for metered dose inhalers?
- signs and symptoms of respiratory distress - bronchospasms/Wheezing - emphysema
28
What is the dosage for metered dose inhalers?
Adult - 2 doses (4 puffs) over 30 minutes Child - 2 doses (4 puffs) over 30 minutes
29
Describe how to administer metered dose inhalers?
- Obtain patient's prescribed inhaler - assure right patients, right medication, right dose, right route - check expiration date - check if patient has already taken any medication prior to your arrival - assure inhaler is at room temperature - shake inhaler several times - have patient exhale deeply -have patient place lips around inhaler - depress the inhaler as patient begins deep inhalation -ask patient to hold breath as long as comfortable - reattach oxygen mask - administer 2nd puff after a few breaths - record name, dose, route, and time of administration
30
What are the indications for nitroglyerins?
Patient must have own physician prescribed nitroglycerin. Chest Pain
31
What does nitroglycerin do to the body?
- increase blood flow to the heart - dilates arteries - relaxes blood vessels
32
What are the adverse effects of nitroglyerin?
Hypotension Headache Dizziness Tachycardia
33
What should you do before and after nitroglycerin administration?
Reassess blood pressure before and after administration Contact medical control before further administration if systolic pressure drops more then 20 mmhg
34
What are the contraindications for nitroglycerin?`
- Systolic BP below 90 mmhg - myocardial infarction - head injury - Pediatric patients under 12 years - If (sildenafil Citrate/Viagra) erectile dysfunction medication is ingested within the last 24 hours.
35
How is nitroglycerin administered?
- Performed focused patient assessment for cardiac patient - Assess blood pressure, systolic should be greater then 100 - obtain patient prescribed medication - assure right medication, right dose, right patient, right route - Check expiration date - Question patient about last dose taken - Question patient about taking erection dysfunction medication in the last 24 hours - Assist patient or place medication under tongue (one tablet or one spray) - Re-check BP - Record name, dose, route and time or administration - perform reassessment and give additional doses per protocol
36
37
What are the indications for aspirin?
New-onset chest pain suggestive of ischemia
38
What are the contraindications to aspirin?
Allergies to aspirin, has already take 325 mg of aspirin within 60 minutes or more, liver damage, bleeding disorder, asthma, should not be given to children
39
What does aspirin do to the body?
Inhibits platelet aggregation, reduced fever, pain, inflammation
40
What is the dose of aspirin?
325 mg
41
What are the indications for naloxone (narcan)?
Opioid overdose
42
How is naloxone administered?
Intranasally
43
What is the dose for administering narcan?
1 mL per nostril

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