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Embryology > Oral Cavity, Pharynx, and Larynx > Flashcards

Oral Cavity, Pharynx, and Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the anterior two-thirds of tongue?

A

stomodeum - ectoderm

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2
Q

What are the two components of the anterior two-thirds of tongue and their origins?

A

Median tongue bud - tuberculum impar
Distal tongue buds - lateral lingual swellings

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3
Q

Which cranial nerves contribute to the general sensation of the tongue?

A

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (V3)

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4
Q

Which cranial nerve contributes to taste and autonomics of the tongue?

A

chorda tympani nerve (branch of facial nerve VII)

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5
Q

Where does the posterior one-third of the tongue originate from?

A

pharynx - endoderm

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6
Q

Which structure makes up the posterior one-third of the tongue?

A

hypobranchial eminence

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7
Q

Which cranial nerve contributes to the hypobranchial eminence (posterior one-third of tongue)

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

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8
Q

Different mucosa tissue sources means…

A

multiple nerves innervate the tongue

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9
Q

Lingual papillae

A

small structures on the surface of the tongue that gives it its texture. There are four types.

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10
Q

What are the four types of lingual papillae?

A

circumvallate, foliate, fungiform, and filiform

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11
Q

Filiform papillae function

A

Most numerous papillae, responsible for the touch sensation, mechanical, and do not contain taste buds

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12
Q

Fungiform papillae - function and cranial nerve

A

They contain taste buds and are innervated by facial nerve (CN VII)

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13
Q

Circumvallate papillae - function and cranial nerve

A

taste and glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

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14
Q

Foliate papillae - function and cranial nerve

A

Taste and glossopharyngeal (CN IX)

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15
Q

How do muscles in the tongue form?

A

Myoblasts from occipital somites migrate into the tongue after the 5th week, and hypoglossal nerves trail the myoblasts and innervates the muscles

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16
Q

Muscular tissue in tongue - innervation

A

hypoglossal (CN XII)

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17
Q

Epiglottis - innervation

A

Vagus (CN X) sensory and taste innervation

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18
Q

Endoderm tissue of tongue (posterior 1/3 of mucosa) - innervation

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) sensory and taste innervation

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19
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue - innervation

A

Facial nerve (CN VII - chorda tympani division)

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20
Q

Ectoderm tissue of tongue - innervation

A

Trigeminal nerve

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21
Q

Pharyngeal arch 1 - intermediate structures and adult structure of tongue

A

medial tongue bud -> replaced with lateral lingual swellings
Lateral lingual swellings -> mucosa of anterior two thirds of tongue

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22
Q

Pharyngeal arch 2 - intermediate structure and adult structure of tongue

A

copula -> overgrown by other structures

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23
Q

Pharyngeal arch 3 - intermediate structure and adult structure of tongue

A

ventral part of hypopharyngeal eminence -> mucosa of most of posterior one third of tongue

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24
Q

Pharyngeal arch 4 - intermediate structure and adult structure of tongue

A

dorsal part of hypopharygeal eminence -> mucosa of dorsal region of tongue

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25
Q

Occipital somites - intermediate structure and adult structures of tongue

A

myoblasts -> intrinsic muscles of tongue & palatoglossus muscle

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26
Q

Congenital lingual cyst

A

remnant of thyroglossal duct

27
Q

Congenital lingual fistula

A

persistence of thyroglossal duct opening at foramen cecum

28
Q

lingual thyroid

A

accounts for 90% of ectopic thyroids

29
Q

Fissuring of the tongue

A

grooves in the dorsum of the tongue

30
Q

Hypertrophic lingual papillae

A

hypertrophy of filiform papillae on dorsal surface of tongue, usually caused by lack of mechanical stimulation and debridement.

31
Q

When do salivary glands develop in embryo?

A

three pairs of glands develop during 6th and 7th week

32
Q

How do saliva glands start out in development?

A

solid epithelial buds from the primitive oral cavity

33
Q

Epithelial buds branch into surrounding ___________ to form gland

A

mesenchyme

34
Q

secretory epithelium develops from

A

oral epithelium

35
Q

capsule and connective tissue develops from

A

mesenchyme

36
Q

What are the three pairs of salivary glands?

A

parotid glands, submandibular glands, and sublingual glands

37
Q

How do parotid glands develop

A

as paired buds from oral ectoderm of stomodeum, grow towards ears

38
Q

How do submandibular glands develop

A

as paired buts from endoderm of oral cavity, grow posteriorly and lateral to tongue

39
Q

how do sublingual glands develop?

A

as multiple buds from endoderm of oral cavity, form 10-12 ducts that open independently into floor of mouth

40
Q

Primary dentition

A

20 deciduous baby teeth, shed throughout childhood

41
Q

secondary dentition

A

32 permanent teeth

42
Q

Both deciduous and permanent teeth begin developing ________

A

prenatally

43
Q

When do 3rd molar (wisdom teeth) develop?

A

begins to develop after birth, finishes development around 12 years

44
Q

Why is tooth development key to normal jaw growth?

A

growth of mandible and maxilla occur to accommodate teeth and it changes the shape of your face

45
Q

Dental lamina forms in the

A

ectodermal epithelium of the mandible and maxila

46
Q

each dental lamina gives rise to

A

10 tooth buds (10 per jaw)

47
Q

Tooth buds form a cap around condensing neural crest, forming the

A

dental papillae

48
Q

odontoblasts develop from _____ _____ and produce ______

A

neural crest; dentin

49
Q

ameloblasts develop from _____ and produce _______

A

ectoderm; enamel

50
Q

what are the stages of tooth development

A

bud stage - 8 weeks
cap stage - 10 weeks
bell stage - 3 months
maturation (crown stage)

51
Q

cementoblasts develop from ______ ______ _____ and deposit

A

neural crest cells; cementum around root

52
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

forms outside of the cementum to anchor the tooth in position

53
Q

Enamel hypoplasia

A

thin or absent enamel

54
Q

causes of enamel hypoplasia

A

nutritional deficiency pre or postnatally, tetracycline use during pregnancy, and rickets

55
Q

CN V2,V3 innervates in oral cavity

A

mucous membranes of nasal cavities, palate, mouth, and tongue

56
Q

CN VII innervates in tongue

A

special sensory fibers (taste) to anterior 2/3 of tongue

57
Q

CN IX innervates in tongue

A

mucous membranes of posterior 1/3rd of tongue and upper pharynx, special sensory fibers (taste) to posterior 1/3rd of tongue

58
Q

CN X innervates in oral cavity

A

mucous membranes of lower pharynx and larynx, special sensory fibers (taste) to epiglottis

59
Q

arytenoid swellings differentiate into

A

arytenoid and corniculate cartilages

60
Q

arytenoid swellings differentiate into

A

arytenoid and corniculate cartilages

61
Q

when and where do arytenoid swellings appear

A

at 32 days gestation, and they appear in the sixth arch adjacent to laryngotracheal tube

62
Q

Hypobranchial eminence gives rise to

A

epiglottis and cuneiform cartilages

63
Q

Thyroid cartilage comes from which branchial arch?

A

4th

64
Q

Cricoid and tracheal cartilages develop from which branchial arch?

A

6th

Embryology (8 decks)

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