oral com q2 exam

Question 1

states that strategies
must be used to start and maintain a conversation.

Answer 1

Cohen (1990)

Question 2

Types of Communicative Strategy

Answer 2

Nomination
Restriction
Turn-taking
Topic control
Topic Shifting
Repair
Termination

Question 3

A speaker carries out nomination to collaboratively and productively establish a topic.

Answer 3

Nomination

Question 4

refers to any limitation you may have as a speaker.

Answer 4

Restriction

Question 5

Sometimes people are given unequal opportunities to talk because others take much time
during the conversation. pertains to the process by which people decide who
takes the conversational floor

Answer 5

Turn-taking

Question 5

involves moving from one topic to another. In other
words, it is where one part of a conversation ends and where another begins.

Answer 5

Topic Shifting

Question 5

covers how procedural formality or informality affects the development of
topic in conversations.

Answer 5

Topic Control

Question 5

refers to how speakers address the problems in speaking, listening, and
comprehending that they may encounter in a conversation.

Answer 5

Repair

Question 6

refers to the conversation participants’ close-initiating expressions that end a
topic in a conversation.

Answer 6

Termination

Question 7

The Speech Writing Process

Answer 7

• Conducting an audience analysis
• Determining the purpose of the speech
• Selecting a topic
• Narrowing down a topic
• Gathering data
• Editing and/or Revising
• Rehearsing
• Selecting a speech pattern
• Preparing an outline
• Creating the body of the speech
• Preparing the introduction
• Preparing the conclusion

Question 7

entails looking into the profile of your target audiencee

Answer 7

Audience analysis

Question 7

(age range, male-female ratio, educational background and affiliations or
degree program taken, nationality, economic status, academic or corporate designations)

Answer 7

Demography

Question 8

(time, venue, occasion, and size)

Answer 8

situation

Question 9

(values, beliefs, attitudes, preferences, cultural and racial ideologies, and needs)

Answer 9

psychology

Question 10

The purpose for writing and delivering the speech can be classified into three

Answer 10

to inform, to
entertain, or to persuade.

Question 10

provides the audience with a clear understanding of the concept or
idea presented by the speaker.

Answer 10

informative speech

Question 10

provides the audience with amusement

Answer 10

entertainment speech

Question 11

provides the audience with well-argued ideas that can influence their
own beliefs and decisions.

Answer 11

persuasive speech

Question 12

is your focal point of your speech,

Answer 12

The topic

Question 13

means making your main idea more specific and focused.

Answer 13

Narrowing down a topic

Question 14

is the stage where you collect ideas, information, sources, and references
relevant or related to your specific topic

Answer 14

Data gathering

Question 14

, in general, are structures that will help you organize the ideas related to your
topic.

Answer 14

Writing patterns

Question 14

Writing patterns examples

Answer 14

biographical, categorical/topical, causal, chronological, comparison/contrast,
problem-solution, and spatial.

Question 15

Presents
descriptions of
your life or of a
person, famous
or not

Answer 15

Biographical

Question 16

Presents related categories supporting the topic

Answer 16

Categorical/ Topical

Question 17

Presents causeeffect relationship

Answer 17

Causal

Question 18

Presents the idea in time order

Answer 18

Chronological

Question 19

Presents comparison/ contrast of two or three points

Answer 19

Comparison/ contrast

Question 20

Presents an identified problem, its causes, and recommended solution

Answer 20

Problem-solution

Question 21

is a hierarchical list that shows the relationship of your ideas.

Answer 21

An outline

Question 21

outline formats

Answer 21

Table format, List format

Question 21

provides explanations, examples, or any details that can help you deliver your purpose and explain the main idea of your speech.

Answer 21

body of the speech

Question 22

strategies to highlight your main idea.

Answer 22

Q Present real-life or practical examples Q Show statistics Q Present comparisons Q Share ideas from the experts or practitioners

Question 23

is the foundation of your speech. Here, your primary goal is to get the attention of your audience and present the subject or main idea of your speech

Answer 23

The introduction

Question 24

The introduction strategies

Answer 24

- Use a real-life experience and connect that experience to your subject. - Use practical examples and explain their connection to your subject. - Start with a familiar or strong quote and then explain what it means. - Use facts or statistics and highlight their importance to your subject. -` Tell a personal story to illustrate your point.

Question 25

restates the main idea of your speech. Furthermore, it provides a summary, emphasizes the message, and calls for action

Answer 25

The conclusion

Question 26

The conclusion strategies

Answer 26

- Begin your conclusion with a restatement of your message. - Use positive examples, encouraging words, or memorable lines from songs or stories familiar to your audience. - Ask a question or series of questions that can make your audience reflect or ponder.

Question 27

your written speech involves correcting errors in mechanics, such as grammar, punctuation, capitalization, unity, coherence, and others.

Answer 27

Editing/Revising

Question 28

, an awardwinning public speaker, lists six power principles for speech editing.

Answer 28

Andrew Dlugan (2013)

Question 29

six power principles for speech editing.

Answer 29

Edit for focus. Edit for clarity. Edit for concision. Edit for continuity Edit for variety Edit for impact and beauty

Question 30

gives you an opportunity to identify what works and what does not work for you and for your target audience.

Answer 30

Rehearsing

Question 31

Types of Speech According to Purpose

Answer 31

informative, persuasive, entertain

Question 32

Delivered with little or no preparation. Common in casual settings or spontaneous situations. Example: Answering a question during a meeting.

Answer 32

Impromptu Speech

Question 33

Types of Speech According to Delivery

Answer 33

Impromptu Speech Extemporaneous Speech Manuscript Speech Memorized Speech

Question 34

Prepared and rehearsed but delivered with the use of minimal notes or an outline. Allows flexibility to adapt to the audience's reactions. Example: Classroom presentations.

Answer 34

Extemporaneous Speech

Question 35

Fully written out and read word-for-word. Ensures precision, often used in formal or official settings. Example: A presidential address or a news anchor reading the news.

Answer 35

Manuscript Speech

Question 36

Written and memorized in advance, delivered without notes. Requires thorough practice but allows for direct audience engagement. Example: A stage actor's monologue or a speech competition.

Answer 36

Memorized Speech

Question 37

author of The Art of Public Speaking

Answer 37

Stephen Lucas (2011),

Question 38

Tools for Effective Speech Delivery

Answer 38

* How they approach their audience (formal, informal, personal, conversational, intimate, among others) * How they connect with their audience (using eye contact, body movements, and facial expressions) * How they present themselves (stage presence: how they look, stand, walk, use nonverbal cues, act on and off the stage) * How they use their voice in terms of volume (loudness or softness), pitch (highness or lowness), rate or speed, pauses to show emphasis and strengthen the clarity of the message, vocal variety (effective changes in volume, pitch, rate and pauses), and pronunciation

Question 39

Tips in Memorizing a Speech

Answer 39

Break it down! Build it up! Speak out! Identify keys! Have a break! Record and listen! Use note cards!

Question 40

Strategies in Organizing and Delivering an Impromptu Speech

Answer 40

Past, Present, Future Point-Reason-Example/Explanation-Point Opening, Rule of Three, Clincher

Question 41

Opening, Rule of Three, Clincher Distinguished Toastmaster Craig Harrison (2010) shares the following strategies that can help you address the problem

Answer 41

Bridging Reframing. Playing Devil’s Advocate.