Oral Health Promotion And Diease Prevention

Question 1

What is periodontitis?

Answer 1

The inflammation of supporting structures of the tooth

Question 2

Successful dental education for who and how?

Answer 2

Communication skills patient to understand
Age groups all different
Patient motivation assist them for good oral hygiene
General Health as some medical conditions affect the ability to perform good oral hygiene

Question 3

Causative Factors of dental caries

Answer 3

Diet-non milk extrinsic sugars
Poor oral hygiene
Action of bacteria on NME’s acids and demineralisation
Stagnation areas

Question 4

Causative factors of gingivitis and periodontitis

Answer 4

Poor oral hygiene gingival crevice periodontal pockets
Stagnation areas pocket of the tooth
Failure treating gingivitis inflamed-leading to periodontal disease-periodontitis

Question 5

Role of saliva protects against?

Answer 5

Caries promotes remineralisation

Periodontal disease by cleaning as a antibacterial

Question 6

Prevention of dental caries?

Answer 6

Increase the tooth resistant to acid attack incorporate fluoride for the enamel structure

Modify the diet include fewer sugary drinks etc
and reduce frequency of the intake

Control the buildup of bacterial plaque by brushing teeth and good oral hygiene techniques

Question 7

Prevention of periodontal disease?

Answer 7

Control the buildup of plaque by good oral hygiene techniques

Modify other factors that contribute for example smoking

Control the host response so going to dental appointments frequently

Question 8

Controlling bacterial plaque

Answer 8

Toothbrushing with a recommended tooth paste

Interdental cleaning

Using suitable mouthwash

Question 9

Facts about toothbrushes

Answer 9

Small head and multi medium nylon bristles are the best

Egg timer for two minutes

Clean all surfaces thoroughly don’t move on until done

Parents help children until eight years old

Question 10

Toothpaste facts

Answer 10

High fluoride toothpaste adults with high caries or high risk-2800ppm and 5000ppm

Some toothpastes to slow down calculus

Antiseptic plaque suppressant-triclosan with zinc

Whitening toothpastes removes surface staining -biological enzyme systems

Acid erosion-pro enamel toothpaste

Question 11

Interdental cleaning techniques

Answer 11

Dental floss or tape interdental plaque removal

Flossette-style dental pick we have good for posterior teeth

Interdental brushes fixed orthodontic appliances

Woodsticks-dislodge food least effective

Question 12

Mouthwashes facts

Answer 12

Sodium fluoride-provides topical fluoride application

Triclosan-chemical suppresses the formation of plaque in mouth

Some for inflamed tissues hydrogen peroxide eliminate anaerobic bacteria

Specialised for acute and chronic periodontal infections-chlorhexidine which is a antiseptic plaque suppressant

Question 13

Other methods plaque removal

Answer 13

After meals eat detergent foods raw firm fruit veg

Or piece of cheese stimulates saliva

Or sugar free gum

Question 14

How to help a acid attack fluoride?

Answer 14

Topical fluoride application there is health products for that

Systemic fluoride application taken with food or drink products

Question 15

Topical fluoride

Answer 15

Topical fluoride toothpaste this for patients-1000ppm up to 5000pm high risk caries

Brush 2 times
Don’t rinse after
Fluoride mouthwash
Dental floss with fluoride

Dental team
Fluoride gels children special needs hameophilla heart defects

First polish washed dry not rinse or eat 30 mins

Fluoride varnish applied individual teeth previous acid attack or periodontal surgery or roots exposed by gingival rescission

Question 16

Systematic fluorides

Answer 16

Water fluoride 1ppm drinking water
Add fluoride table salt
Fluoride drops and tablets children during tooth development age+local water supple
Medical conditions physical suffer caries

Question 17

Enamel fluorosis

Answer 17

When Excessive Fluoride is ingesting during a enamel formation

White marks on enamel
That’s why children below a should be supervised and toothpaste kept twice a day spit then swallow and prescribed and know local water fluoridation

Question 18

Good snacks

Answer 18

Non citrus fruits apples peaches pears
Raw vegetables 
Unflavoured crips
Low fat cheese
Un sweetens yogurt

Question 19

Bad snacks

Answer 19

Sweets
Fizzy drink
Pure fruit juice
Tea and coffee with sugar

Question 20

Hidden sugars

Answer 20

Cooking sauce
some breakfast cereals
Soup energy drinks ready process meals savoury crackers biscuits tinned fish and meat in tomato sauce jams chutneys

Question 21

Advice on dietary

Answer 21

Limit cariogenic foods to meal times 
Avoid fruit juices on meal times
Follow good snacks 
Diet sheets for hidden sugars 
Advise on sugar free medication

Question 22

Prevention periodontal disease

Answer 22

factors in patients life (Modify the contributory factors) Smoking,stress,hormonal imbalance affects the tissues,lip posture that allows gingival tissues to dry up,Radiotherpy, medicatical conditions that find it hard to fight off infections ginvial hyperplas meidcations cause-drugs for epilepsy drugs for cancer,drugs refuse transplant rejection, dry mouth antidepressent drugs TOOTH CROWDING-latrogenic factors dental problems like restorations poorly designed dentures or so

Question 23

Prevention of periodontal disease control the host response?

Answer 23

Genetic reasons, high level of support
Scaling and subgingival debridement
Advice on calculus
Gingival hyperplasia given gingivectmony procedure
Eradicate bacteria periodontal pockets may have an antibiotic gel
Periodontal infection may turn into a extraction
Best referee to a periodontal specialist

Question 24

Communication skills OHI

Answer 24

Verbally and Non verbally 
Talking face to face or telephone 
Written explanation then give verbal 
Information leaflets or posters read and discussed
Body language friendly open
Eye contact 
Facial expressions 
Touching

Question 25

Communication ethnic groups

Answer 25

Hindus Vegetarian fasting saturated fats Sikhs Dairy vegetarian avoid pork and beef Muslims Rich in fish No alcohols or pork 2 years breastfeeding low nutritional value

Question 26

Adults motivation

Answer 26

Smoking alcohol oral cancer and periodontal disease Stop smoking aids Diet discuss ``` No jargon Listen to differculties Referral to another member if needed Eye contact leaflets ```

Question 27

Young people motivation

Answer 27

Require evidence Alcohol and smoking Rely on parents

Question 28

Children motivation

Answer 28

``` Parental support Early age Reinforced at home Suitable vocabulary friendly Do not threaten Must be fun Disclosing agents Develop relevance to games tv ```

Question 29

Elderly changes

Answer 29

Less fat elasticity Soft tissue trauma and then bruising post op Bone brittle jaw rail of fracture Osteoporosis women nay have to go referral tooth extraction Oral mucosa Thinner less tolerate to dentures Root caries risk gingival recession ``` Salivary glands Dry mouth Certain drugs Increase caries Swallowing problems ``` Teeth Darkening colour Narrowing pulp chambers Sensitivity

Question 30

Effects of general health on oral

Answer 30

Eating disorder bulimia Diabetes poor wound oral infections Smoking respiratory and heart NME Sugars processed meals risk of obesity heart disease Excessive alcohol consumption liver disease periodontal disease dental trauma falls Saliva reducing flow- antihypertensives Antidepressants Gingival hyperplasia Phenytoin epileptic Nifedipine control heart Ciclosporin organ rejection