Oral medicine, therapeutics & radiology Flashcards
(45 cards)
Orofacial pain attributed to lesion or disease of the cranial nerves
trigeminal neuralgia
Orofacial pains resembling presentations of primary headaches
migraine
idiopathic orofacial pain
burning mouth syndrome
orofacial musculoskeletal disorders
temporomandibular disorders (TMD)
Diagnostic criteria for trigeminal neuralgia
A - recurrent “shocks” on one side of the face (not radiating past the area of the nerve)
B - Pain lasts 1 second —> 2 minutes, severe intensity, electric shock-like, shooting, stabbing or sharp
C - Caused by a non-harmful stimulus
D - Can’t be accounted for by another ICHD-3 diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria for burning mouth syndrome
A - Oral pain fulfilling criteria B and C
B - Recurring daily for >2 hours per day for >3 months
C - Pain has both of the following characteristics (burning and felt superficially in the oral mucosa)
D - Oral mucosa is of normal appearance, and local or systemic causes have been excluded
E - Not better accounted for by another ICOP or ICHD-3 diagnosis
Orofacial pain resembling presentations of primary headaches: migraine without aura
Recurrent headache lasting 4-72 hours. Can be one sides and pulsating, moderate to sever intensity.
Aggravation by routine physical activity and association with nausea (vomiting) and/or visuals and sounds.
At least 5 attacks with this criteria = diagnosis
Migraine with aura
Aura = the sensory symptoms (visual, motor, speech etc) that come on before the migraine.
Anterior disc displacement with reduction
Clicks upon opening
Anterior disc displacement without reduction
Doesn’t slide over the disc - can cause jaw locking!
Arthralgia
Pain of the articulating joint
Myalgia
Pain of muscle origin
Hairy leukoplakia
EBV (HHV-4)
Strong association with HIV/immunocompromised patients
Definition of cone beam CT
A form of cross-sectional imaging suitable for assessing radiodense structures.
How does cone beam CT work?
Takes multiple 2D images using ionising radiation to emit x-ray beams (this does one full rotation around the head), to construct a 3D image.
Frankfort plane
Negatives of CBCT
higher radiation
Poorer detail of the teeth
More expensive
Harder to interpret
Radiation CBCT vs conventional CT
CT greater radiation
more detail of soft tissues
Uses of CBCT in dentistry
Impacted molars (relationship with ID canal)
Implant planning
Complex root morphology for endodontics
Localising ectopic teeth
Pathologies proximity to structure
Three orthogonal planes
ALARP
As low as reasonably practicable
Voxel
Reduce voxel size (more pixels = greater detail but not necessary!! causes more radiation)
When can you not take a CBCT?
If plain radiographs are sufficient
Can’t use it for looking at soft tissues
Too many artefacts (too many post crowns etc)
Patient factors
MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging —> Whole room is a magnetic field, based on radio frequency pulses and hydrogen protons.
Fat and fluids = white, bone = black (sort of opposite to other imaging techniques
