oregon trail Flashcards
(18 cards)
When was the church of latter-day saints founded and who by?
Joseph Smith in 1830.
When was the Oregon trail published?
1843
Why did the Mormons migrate west?
The Mormons faced religious persecution in the east, with Joseph Smith being killed by an angry mob in Illinois in 1844.
2 years later, all Mormons were banned from Illinois (in the middle of the USA).
What was the gold rush and how did it encourage west migration?
Gold was found in California in 1848. But Gold was then discovered in the Rocky Mountains (to the East of the Great Plains) and in the Black Hills, which were sacred to the Sioux.
Key migration event 1:
What migration event raised unemployment in cities?
The 7-year recession of 1837.
Key migration event 2:
What encouraged western migration?
The government published a map of the Oregon trail in 1841.
Key migration event 3:
What moved Mormons west?
The murder of their leader Joseph Smith in Illinois during 1844, and the Mormon ban 2 years later.
What year and place was the Gold rush?
Began in 1848 in California.
The magnitude of the gold rush?
Over 100,000 people are thought to have arrived in California between 1848 and 1849.
Why did the gold rush start?
A man called James Marshall found gold near the Sierra Nevada mountains
What effect did the gold rush have on the plains indians?
Many of the gold rushers killed lots of the Plains Indians living in California in disputes over land and other things.
What were exodusters?
African Americans/ex-slaves who migrated in the late 19th century, seeking a new life and escaping oppression.
Why did the exodusters want to go to Kansas?
Kansas never condoned or owned slaves, meaning there would be less oppression there. There was also plenty of land availible under the homestead act.
What caused Red clouds war?
The US governments westward expansion and the construction of the Bozeman Trail through Lakota territory which led to tension.
(Key event of the cause)
What was the Bozeman Trail massacre?
The Sioux and allies lured Captain William Fetterman’s patrol into a deadly trap in 1866 in retaliation for trespassing on treaty lands.
Why was the Bozeman Trail bad?
Violated the first Fort Laramie Treaty as it crossed through
The natives’ reservation.
Result of the war?
the signing of the Second Treaty of Fort Laramie.
What were the terms of the second fort laramie treaty?
established the Great Sioux Reservation, including the Black Hills, for exclusive Sioux use.
closed the Bozeman Trail, and promised the US government would abandon forts along it.
The Sioux agreed not to attack travellers, on the condition that no settlements were built on their land.
It gave the US Government the authority to punish anyone who broke the Treaty.
