Org 1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Aliphatic
Straight/branch hydrocarbon
Alicyclic
Hydrocarbon ring that is not benzene
Aromatic
Contains benzene
Saturated
Only single bond between C ( C-C)
Alkanes
Unsaturated
At least one double bond (at least one C=C)
Alkenes ( 2 e; double bonds )
Structural isomers
Same formula, diff structure
Chain isomers
Same formula but branching gives diff properties
Position isomers
Same functional group and formula, but functional group in diff. place
Functional group isomers
Same formula, diff. functional group
Stereoisomers/ E-Z isomers
Same structural formula but diff. arrangement in space
- no free rotation due to C=C
E isomer
Non polar
Z isomer
Polar
Catalytic cracking
Zeolite cat.
450 degrees C
Just above 1atm
More efficient (less E wasted)
Forms branched and cyclic alkanes
Thermal cracking
Temp. 400-900 degrees C
Pressure of 700 kPa
Produced many alkenes
Longer alkane chain
More London forces
Branched alkane chain
Branches reduce changes for dipole interactions
Alkene test
Decolourises bromine water (electrophilic addition)
Alkane from alkene
Alkene + H2 in Ni cat. presence
Alkene to haloalkane
Add hydrogen halid (electro. add.)
Alkene to alcohol
Steam
Active cat. (Phosphoric)
- OH- added
Major reaction product
Nucleophile added to C with most bonds to H (more stable)
Stability of alkenes from lowest to highest
1 primary
2 secondary
3 tertiary
During hydrolysis; speed of ppt formation from lowest to highest
Primariy
Secondary
Tertiary
Haloalkane to alcohol
Hydroxide (aq)
Heated under reflux
(Nucl. Sub)
